WFO Plant List | World Flora Online

As classified in WFO snapshot

December 2023

latest classification for this taxon

species

Picea abies (L.) H.Karst.

This species name was first published in Deut. Fl. 325. (1881)

At the time of this classification snapshot, this species name was accepted by WFO (placed as the accepted name of a taxon). Its description and other taxonomic data can be found on World Flora Online, id: wfo-0000482030.

Synonyms of Picea abies (L.) H.Karst.

Name	Author	Protologue	Nomenclator	WFO link
Pinus cinerea	Röhl.	Deutschl. Fl. 376; ex Carr. Conif. ed. I. 246.		wfo-0000481349
Pinus clanbrassiliana	Lodd.	Cat. 12: 31. (1820)		wfo-0000481351
Pinus excelsa	Lam.	Fl. Franç. 2: 202. (1779)		wfo-0000481434
Pinus sativa	Lam.	Fl. Franç. 2: 200. (1779)		wfo-0000481512
Pinus viminalis	Alstr.	Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Handl. 38: 310. (1777)		wfo-0000481609
Pinus pyramidalis	Salisb.	Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 399. (1796)		wfo-0000481806
Pinus picea	Du Roi	Diss. Inaug. Obs. Bot. 37. (1771)		wfo-0000481907
Pinus carpatica	Gordon	Pinetum 180. (1858)		wfo-0000482241
Picea montana	Schur	Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 2: 169. (1851)		wfo-0000482454
Picea maxwellii	Beissn.	Handb. Nadelholzk. 366. (1891)		wfo-0000482465
Picea cranstonii	Beissn.	Handb. Nadelholzk. 360. (1891)		wfo-0000482489
Picea elegantissima	Beissn.	Handb. Nadelholzk. 367. (1891)		wfo-0000482494
Picea gregoryana	Beissn.	Handb. Nadelholzk. 364. (1891)		wfo-0000482515
Picea excelsa	(Lam.) Link	Linnaea 15: 517. (1842)		wfo-0000482527
Picea finedonensis	Beissn.	Handb. Nadelholzk. 367. (1891)		wfo-0000482530
Pinus abies	L.	Sp. Pl. 1002. (1753)		wfo-0000482551
Picea velebitica	Simonk. ex. Kümmerle	Magyar Bot. Lapok 15: 31. (1916)		wfo-0000482557
Picea viminalis	(Alstr.) Beissn.	Handb. Nadelholzk. 360. (1891)		wfo-0000482558
Picea vulgaris	Link	Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1827: 180. (1827)		wfo-0000482559
Picea subarctica	Schur	Sert. Fl. Transsilv. 69. (1853)		wfo-0000482640
Picea remontii	Beissn.	Handb. Nadelholzk. 363. (1891)		wfo-0000482656
Picea rubra	A.Dietr.	Fl. Berlin 2: 795. (1824)		wfo-0000482660
Pinus abies f. erythrocarpa	(Purk.) Voss	Landlexikon 4: 770. (1913)		wfo-0000490061
Picea abies f. chlorocarpa	(Purk.) Th.Fr.	Bot. Not. 1890: 255. (1890)	—	wfo-0000490062
Picea abies f. columnaris	(Jacques) Rehder	J. Arnold Arbor. 4: 110. (1923)		wfo-0000490104
Picea abies f. veitchii	(Hornibr.) Rehder	J. Arnold Arbor. 4: 110. (1923)		wfo-0000490112
Picea abies f. parsonsii	(Hornibr.) Rehder	J. Arnold Arbor. 4: 110. (1923)		wfo-0000490113
Picea abies f. mucronata	(Loudon) Rehder	J. Arnold Arbor. 4: 109. (1923)		wfo-0000490114
Picea abies f. cupressina	Rehder	J. Arnold Arbor. 4: 110. (1923)		wfo-0000490116
Picea abies f. argentea	(Beissn.) Rehder	J. Arnold Arbor. 4: 109. (1923)		wfo-0000490119
Picea abies f. erythrocarpa	(Purk.) Rehder	J. Arnold Arbor. 4: 111. (1923)		wfo-0000490123
Picea excelsa var. mucronata	(Loudon) Carrière	Traité Gén. Conif. 247. (1855)		wfo-0000490124
Picea excelsa var. erythrocarpa	Purk.	Allg. Forst- Jagd-Zeitung 53: t. 1. (1877)		wfo-0000490138
Picea excelsa var. columnaris	(Jacques) Carrière	Traité Gén. Conif. 248. (1855)		wfo-0000490139
Picea excelsa f. argentea	Beissn.	Handb. Nadelholzk. 367. (1891)		wfo-0000490140
Picea excelsa f. veitchii	Hornibr.	Dwarf Conifers 97. (1923)		wfo-0000490142
Picea excelsa f. parsonsii	Hornibr.	Dwarf Conifers 98. (1923)		wfo-0000490143
Picea excelsa f. erythrocarpa	(Purk.) Wittr. ex. H.E.Schroet.	Vierteljahrsschr. Naturf. Ges. Zürich 43: 250. (1898)		wfo-0000490144
Pinus picea var. mucronata	(Loudon) Endl.	Abietineae- List Pl. Fir Tribe 18. (1851)		wfo-0000490258
Abies abies	(L.) Druce	Rep. Bot. Soc. Exch. Club Brit. Isles 7: 689. (1925)		wfo-0000510971
Abies alpestris	Brügger	Jahresber. Naturf. Ges. Graubündens II, 29: 126. (1886)		wfo-0000510988
Abies carpatica	(Loudon) Ravenscr.	Pinet. Brit. 2: 137. (1868)		wfo-0000511039
Abies cinerea	Borkh.	Theor. Prakt. Handb. Forstbot. 1: 398. (1800)		wfo-0000511067
Abies clambrasiliana	Lavallée	Énum. Arbres 263. (1877)		wfo-0000511068
Abies clanbrassiliana	P.Lawson	Encyc. Pl. 804.		wfo-0000511069
Abies coerulescens	K.Koch	Dendrologie 2 (2): 242. (1873)		wfo-0000511073
Abies commutata var. mucronata	Loudon	Gard. Mag. (London) n.s., 7: 386. (1841)	—	wfo-0000511076
Abies conica	Lavallée	Énum. Arbres 263. (1877)		wfo-0000511085
Abies cranstonii	Lavallée	Énum. Arbres 264. (1877)		wfo-0000511086
Abies elegans	Sm. ex. Knight	Syn. Conif. Pl. 36. (1850)		wfo-0000511115
Abies eremita	K.Koch	Dendrologie 2 (2): 237. (1873)		wfo-0000511119
Abies erythrocarpa	(Purk.) Nyman	Consp. Fl. Eur. 674. (1881)		wfo-0000511122
Abies excelsa	(Lam.) Poir.	Encycl. 6: 518. (1804)		wfo-0000511123
Abies excelsa var. argentea	Berg	Sitzungsber. Naturf.-Ges. Univ. Dorpat 2: 39. (1887)		wfo-0000511125
Abies excelsa var. carpatica	Loudon	Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 4: 2294. (1838)		wfo-0000511126
Abies excelsa var. clambrasiliana	Lavallée	Unknown		wfo-0000511128
Abies excelsa var. columnaris	Jacques	Ann. Soc. Hort. Paris 44: 653. (1853)		wfo-0000511129
Abies excelsa var. conica	Lavallée	Unknown		wfo-0000511130
Abies excelsa var. mucronata	(Loudon) Loudon	Encycl. Trees Shrubs 1027. (1842)		wfo-0000511131
Abies extrema	Th.Fr.	Bot. Not. 1867: 56. (1867)		wfo-0000511133
Abies finedonensis	Gordon	Pinetum Suppl.: 4. (1862)		wfo-0000511152
Abies gigantea	Sm. ex. Carrière	Traité Gén. Conif. ed. 327. (1867)		wfo-0000511171
Abies gregoryana	H.Low ex. Gordon	Pinetum Suppl.: 4. (1862)		wfo-0000511183
Abies inverta	R.Sm. ex. Gordon	Pinetum Suppl.: 4. (1862)		wfo-0000511214
Abies lemoniana	Booth ex. Gordon	Pinetum 5. (1858)		wfo-0000511240
Abies medioxima	C.Lawson	Pinet. Brit. 2: 159. (1868)		wfo-0000511263
Abies minima	Lavallée	Énum. Arbres 264. (1877)		wfo-0000511276
Abies minuta	Poir.	Encycl. 6: 523. (1804)		wfo-0000511279
Abies montana	Nyman	Syll. Fl. Eur. Suppl.: 602. (1865)		wfo-0000511282
Abies mucronata	Rausch ex. Carrière	Traité Gén. Conif. ed. 329. (1867)		wfo-0000511285
Abies parvula	Knight	Syn. Conif. Pl. 36. (1850)		wfo-0000511334
Abies pectinata	Gilib.	Exerc. Phyt. 2: 411. (1792)		wfo-0000511338
Abies picea	Mill.	Gard. Dict. 2. (1768)		wfo-0000511349
Abies pumila	Voss	Vilm. Blumengärtn. 1: 1241. (1895)		wfo-0000511371
Abies subarctica	(Schur) Nyman	Consp. Fl. Eur. 674. (1881)		wfo-0000511420
Abies viminalis	Wahlenb.	Fl. Suec. 2: 630. (1826)		wfo-0000511456
Pinus abies var. viminalis	(Alstr.) Wahlenb.	Fl. Suec. 2: 630. (1826)		wfo-0000736109
Abies excelsa var. viminalis	(Alstr.) Lindl. & Gordon	J. Hort. Soc. London 5: 212. (1850)		wfo-0000736111
Picea vulgaris var. viminalis	(Alstr.) Casp.	Schriften Phys.-Ökon. Ges. Königsberg 14: 125. (1873)		wfo-0000736112
Picea excelsa var. viminalis	(Alstr.) Casp.	Schriften Phys.-Ökon. Ges. Königsberg 19: 153. (1878)		wfo-0000736113
Abies excelsa var. communis	Loudon	Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 4: 2294. (1838)		wfo-0000736114
Abies excelsa var. nigra	Loudon	Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 4: 2294. (1838)		wfo-0000736115
Pinus picea var. nigra	(Loudon) Endl.	Syn. Conif. 117. (1847)	—	wfo-0000736116
Picea excelsa var. nigra	(Loudon) Willk.	Forstl. Fl. Deutschl. Oesterr. ed. 2: 77. (1886)	—	wfo-0000736117
Picea abies f. nigra	(Loudon) Th.Fr.	Bot. Not. 1890: 254. (1890)	—	wfo-0000736119
Pinus picea var. vulgaris	Loudon ex. Endl.	Syn. Conif. 117. (1847)		wfo-0000736120
Pinus picea var. carpatica	(Loudon) Endl.	Syn. Conif. 117. (1847)	—	wfo-0000736121
Abies vulgaris	Wender.	Pfl. Bot. Gärt. 1 (Conif.): 15. (1851)		wfo-0000736122
Picea vulgaris var. europaea	Tepl.	Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 41 (2): 249. (1869)		wfo-0000736123
Abies excelsa var. vulgaris	Willk.	Forstl. Fl. Deutschl. Oesterr. 66. (1875)		wfo-0000736124
Picea excelsa var. chlorocarpa	Purk.	Allg. Forst- Jagd-Zeitung 53: 1. (1877)		wfo-0000736125
Picea vulgaris var. chlorocarpa	(Purk.) Jacobasch	Sitzungsber. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 24: 98. (1882)	—	wfo-0000736126
Picea vulgaris var. erythrocarpa	(Purk.) Jacobasch	Sitzungsber. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 24: 98. (1882)		wfo-0000736127
Picea excelsa var. alpestris	(Brügger) Beissn.	Handb. Laubholzk. 357. (1891)		wfo-0000736129
Picea obovata var. alpestris	(Brügger) A.Henry	Trees Great Britain 6: 1360. (1913)		wfo-0000736130
Picea excelsa var. europaea	(Tepl.) Schröt.	Vierteljahrsschr. Naturf. Ges. Zürich 43: 142, 232 1898	—	wfo-0000736131
Picea abies var. germanica	Lindq.	Acta Horti Berg. 14: 308. (1948)		wfo-0000736132
Abies excelsa var. inversa	Gordon	Pinetum Suppl.: 4. (1862)		wfo-0000737086
Picea abies var. inversa	(Gordon) Nash	J. New York Bot. Gard. 18: 89. (1917)		wfo-0000737087
Picea excelsa f. inversa	Brenner	Meddeland. Soc. Fauna Fl. Fenn. 45: 31. (1918)		wfo-0000737088
Abies communis	P.Lawson	Agric. Man. 365. (1836)		wfo-0000737089
Picea excelsa var. pendula	(Booth ex. P.Lawson) Carrière	Traité Gén. Conif. 247. (1855)		wfo-0000737090
Picea abies var. pendula	Nash	J. New York Bot. Gard. 18: 89. (1917)	—	wfo-0000737091
Picea excelsa var. pendula-major	Simon-Louis ex. Sénécl.	Conifères 29. (1868)		wfo-0000737092
Picea abies var. reflexa	Hornibr.	Dwarf Conifers ed. 2: 168. (1939)	—	wfo-0000737093
Picea vulgaris f. viminalis	(Alstr.) Hayek	Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 30 (1): 40. (1924)	—	wfo-0000737195
Picea vulgaris var. apiculata	Beck	Ann. K. K. Naturhist. Hofmus. 2: 61. (1887)		wfo-0000737196
Picea excelsa var. balcanica	Velen.	Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss. 7: 51. (1890)		wfo-0000737197
Picea vulgaris var. alpestris	(Brügger) Becc.	Wiss. Mitt. Bosnien & Herzegovina 9: 413. (1906)		wfo-0000737198
Pinus abies var. germanica	Lindq.	Acta Horti Berg. 14 (8): 308. (1948)		wfo-0000910839
Picea excelsa f. argenteospica	Hesse ex. Beissn.	Handb. Nadelholzk. 367. (1891)	—	wfo-0000915769
Picea abies f. argenteospica	(Hesse ex. Beissn.) Rehder	J. Arnold Arbor. 1: 55. (1919)	—	wfo-0000915770
Picea excelsa var. finedonensis	Paul ex. Gordon	Pinetum Suppl.: 4. (1862)		wfo-0000915771
Picea abies f. finedonensis	(Paul ex. Gordon) Lindm.	Bibl. Cult. Trees 30. (1949)	—	wfo-0000915773
Picea excelsa var. pyramidata	Carrière	Traité Gén. Conif. 247. (1855)		wfo-0000915774
Picea abies f. pyramidata	(Carrière) Rehder	J. Arnold Arbor. 1: 45. (1919)	—	wfo-0000915775
Picea abies f. pendula	Sylvén	Lustgården 1: 162. (1920)	—	wfo-0000915776
Pinus picea var. pendula	C.Lawson	Abietineae- List Pl. Fir Tribe 18. (1851)	—	wfo-0000915777
Pinus abies f. pendula	Voss	Landlexikon 4: 770. (1913)	—	wfo-0000915778
Picea abies f. inversa	(Gordon) Rehder	Bibl. Cult. Trees 21. (1959)	—	wfo-0000915779
Picea excelsa var. inversa	(Gordon) Carrière	Traité Gén. Conif. ed. 335. (1867)	—	wfo-0000915780
Pinus abies f. inversa	(Gordon) Voss	Landlexikon 4: 770. (1913)	—	wfo-0000915781
Picea abies f. viminalis	(Alstr.) Lindm.	Sv. Fanerogamfl. 39. (1918)	—	wfo-0000915782
Picea excelsa var. virgata	Jacques	Ann. Soc. Hort. Paris 44: 653. (1853)		wfo-0000915784
Picea abies f. virgata	(Jacques) Lindm.	Rhodora 9: 110. (1907)	—	wfo-0000915785
Picea excelsa var. cranstonii	Knight & Perry ex. Carrière	Traité Gén. Conif. 248. (1855)		wfo-0000915786
Abies excelsa var. monstrosa	Loudon	Arb. Brit. 4: 2295. (1838)		wfo-0000915787
Picea abies f. monstrosa	(Loudon) Rehder	J. Arnold Arbor. 1: 56. (1919)	—	wfo-0000915788
Pinus picea var. conica	Endl.	Syn. Conif. 117. (1847)		wfo-0000915789
Picea abies f. conica	(Endl.) Rehder	Bibl. Cult. Trees 21. (1949)	—	wfo-0000915790
Abies excelsa var. elegans	J.Forbes	Pinet. Woburn. 90. (1839)		wfo-0000915791
Picea abies f. elegans	(J.Forbes) Rehder	J. Arnold Arbor. 1: 56. (1919)	—	wfo-0000915792
Abies excelsa var. remontii	R.Sm.	Pl. Fir Tribe 5. (1874)		wfo-0000915793
Picea abies f. remontii	(R.Sm.) Rehder	J. Arnold Arbor. 1: 57. (1919)	—	wfo-0000915795
Abies excelsa var. pygmaea	Loudon	Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 4: 2295. (1838)		wfo-0000915803
Picea abies f. pygmaea	(Loudon) Rehder	J. Arnold Arbor. 1: 56. (1939)	—	wfo-0000915805
Picea excelsa f. barryi	Beissn.	Handb. Nadelholzk. 365. (1891)	—	wfo-0000915806
Picea abies f. barryi	(Beissn.) Rehder	Bibl. Cult. Trees 22. (1949)	—	wfo-0000915807
Picea excelsa f. ellwangeriana	Beissn. & Fitschen	Handb. Nadelholzk. 366. (1891)	—	wfo-0000915808
Picea abies f. ellwangeriana	(Beissn. & Fitschen) Rehder	J. Arnold Arbor. 1: 56. (1919)	—	wfo-0000915809
Abies vulgaris var. nana	Wender.	Pfl. Bot. Gärt. 1 (Conif.): 15. (1851)		wfo-0000915810
Picea abies f. nana	(Wender.) Rehder	Bibl. Cult. Trees 22. (1949)	—	wfo-0000915811
Picea excelsa f. nana	(Wender.) Beissn.	Handb. Nadelholzk. 364. (1891)	—	wfo-0000915812
Picea excelsa var. parviformis	Maxwell	Hort. & J. Rural Art Rural Taste 29: 201. (1874)		wfo-0000915813
Picea abies f. parviformis	(Maxwell) Rehder	J. Arnold Arbor. 1: 56. (1919)	—	wfo-0000915814
Picea excelsa var. microsperma	Hornibr.	Dwarf Conifers 116. (1923)		wfo-0000915817
Picea abies f. microsperma	(Hornibr.) Rehder	Bibl. Cult. Trees 22. (1949)	—	wfo-0000915818
Picea excelsa var. compacta	Booth ex. G.Kirchn.	Arbor. Muscav. 695. (1864)		wfo-0000915819
Picea abies f. compacta	(Booth ex. G.Kirchn.) Rehder	Bibl. Cult. Trees 22. (1949)	—	wfo-0000915820
Picea abies f. clanbrassiliana	Rehder	Bibl. Cult. Trees 22. (1949)	—	wfo-0000915821
Abies excelsa var. gregoryana	Paul ex. Gordon	Pinetum Suppl.: 4. (1862)		wfo-0000915822
Picea abies f. gregoryana	(Paul ex. Gordon) Lindm.	Bibl. Cult. Trees 22. (1949)	—	wfo-0000915823
Picea excelsa var. merkii	Beissn.	Ziergehloze Gart. Park. ed. 2: 440. (1884)		wfo-0000915824
Picea abies f. merkii	(Beissn.) Rehder	J. Arnold Arbor. 1: 56. (1919)	—	wfo-0000915825
Abies excelsa var. pumila	Maxwell	Hort. & J. Rural Art Rural Taste 29: 201. (1875)		wfo-0000915826
Picea excelsa var. pumila	(Maxwell) Beissn.	Ziergehloze Gart. Park. ed. 2: 440. (1884)	—	wfo-0000915828
Picea abies f. pumila	(Maxwell) Voss	Vilm. Blumengärtn. 1: 1241. (1896)	—	wfo-0000915829
Abies excelsa var. pumila-glauca	A.H.Kent	Man. Conif. 71. (1881)		wfo-0000915830
Picea abies f. pumila-glauca	(A.H.Kent) Rehder	Bibl. Cult. Trees 23. (1949)	—	wfo-0000915831
Picea excelsa var. maxwellii	Maxwell	Cat. 1873: ?.		wfo-0000915832
Picea abies f. maxwellii	(Maxwell) Rehder	Bibl. Cult. Trees 23. (1949)	—	wfo-0000915833
Picea excelsa var. procumbens	Carrière	Traité Gén. Conif. 251. (1855)		wfo-0000915834
Picea abies f. procumbens	(Carrière) Rehder	J. Arnold Arbor. 1: 56. (1919)	—	wfo-0000915835
Picea abies f. tabuliformis	(Carrière) Rehder	J. Arnold Arbor. 1: 56. (1919)	—	wfo-0000915836
Picea excelsa var. tabuliformis	Carrière	Prod. Fix. Var. Veget. 52. (1865)		wfo-0000915837
Picea abies f. integrisquamis	(Carrière) P.A.Schmidt	Betr. Gehölzk. 24. (1987)		wfo-0000922454
Picea excelsa var. integrisquamis	Carrière	Traité Gén. Conif. 246. (1855)		wfo-0000922455
Picea excelsa var. virgata	Casp.	–	—	wfo-0001235852
Picea excelsa f. oligoclada	Brenner	Meddeland. Soc. Fauna Fl. Fenn. 45: 31. (1918)		wfo-0001321998
Picea excelsa f. virgulata	Brenner	Meddeland. Soc. Fauna Fl. Fenn. 45: 31. (1918)		wfo-0001321999
Abies communis var. pendula	Booth ex. P.Lawson	Agric. Man. : 366 (1836)		wfo-0001381555
Abies communis	Lindl.	Encycl. Pl. 804. fig.13530. (1829)	—	wfo-1200027358
Abies excelsa var. inverta	Gordon	–	—	wfo-1200027359
Picea excelsa	Peterm.	–	—	wfo-1200027391
Picea excelsa f. inversa	(Gordon) Beissn.	Handb. Nadelholzk. 361. (1891)	—	wfo-1200029128
Pinus abies var. viminalis	(Alstr.) Lilj.	Utkast Sv. Fl. 208. (1792)	—	wfo-1200029130

Varieties in abies ( ${pageIsLoading?'loading':'showing'} varieties ${currentlyShowingRangeFirst} to ${currentlyShowingRangeLast} of ${ totalPartsCount })

Name	Author	Protologue	Nomenclator	WFO link
			—	${taxonConcept.hasName.id}
			—	${synonym.id}