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Ceratophyllaceae Gray Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 395, 554. 1822. (10 Jan 1822) [wfo-7000000127]Ceratophyllum L. Sp. Pl. : 992 (1753) [wfo-4000007373]synonym Dichotophyllum Moench Methodus (Moench) 345 (1794). [4 May 1794] [wfo-4000011445] synonym Fassettia Mavrodiev Austral. Syst. Bot. 34(5): 435. 2021 [wfo-4100000941] synonym Hydroceratophyllon Ség. Pl. Veron. 3: 62 (1754) [wfo-4000045260] synonym Revatophyllum Röhl. Deutschl. Fl., ed. 2, 2: 514 (1812) [wfo-4000045261] C. australe Griseb. Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 24: 14 (1879) [wfo-0000831728]homotypic Ceratophyllum muricatum subsp. australe (Griseb.) Les Syst. Bot. 13(1): 85. 1988 [wfo-0000832139] synonym Ceratophyllum cristatum Spruce ex K.Schum. Fl. Bras. 3(3): 748. 1894 (1894) [wfo-0000831763] synonym Ceratophyllum demersum var. cristatum K.Schum. Fl. Bras. 3(3): 748 (1894) [wfo-0000831807] synonym Ceratophyllum floridanum Fassett in Com. Inst. Trop. Invest. Cient. ii. 29 (1953); cf. Gray Herb. Card Cat. [wfo-0000832005] synonym Ceratophyllum llerenae Fassett in Com. Inst. Trop. Invest. Cient. ii. 29 (1953); cf. Gray Herb. Card Cat. [wfo-0000832098] synonym Ceratophyllum muricatum subsp. australe (Griseb.) Les Syst. Bot. 13(1): 85. 1988 [wfo-0000832139]basionym Ceratophyllum australe Griseb. Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 24: 14 (1879) [wfo-0000831728] C. demersum L. Sp. Pl. 2: 992. 1753 [1 May 1753] [wfo-0000831785]homotypic Ceratophyllum demersum var. commune A.Gray Manual, ed. 2: 383 (1856) [wfo-0001380156] homotypic Dichotophyllum demersum (L.) Moench Methodus : 345 (1794) [wfo-0000942981] synonym Ceratophyllum cornutum Rich. ex S.F.Gray Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 555 1821 [wfo-0001292812] synonym Ceratophyllum demersum var. commune A.Gray Manual, ed. 2: 383 (1856) [wfo-0001380156]basionym Ceratophyllum demersum L. Sp. Pl. 2: 992. 1753 [1 May 1753] [wfo-0000831785] homotypic Dichotophyllum demersum (L.) Moench Methodus : 345 (1794) [wfo-0000942981] synonym Dichotophyllum demersum (L.) Moench Methodus : 345 (1794) [wfo-0000942981]basionym Ceratophyllum demersum L. Sp. Pl. 2: 992. 1753 [1 May 1753] [wfo-0000831785] homotypic Ceratophyllum demersum var. commune A.Gray Manual, ed. 2: 383 (1856) [wfo-0001380156] C. demersum var. apiculatum (Cham.) Asch. Fl. Brandenburg 1: 219 (1860) [wfo-0000831796]basionym Ceratophyllum apiculatum Cham. Linnaea 4: 504 (1829) [wfo-0000831696] synonym Ceratophyllum apiculatum Cham. Linnaea 4: 504 (1829) [wfo-0000831696]homotypic Ceratophyllum demersum var. apiculatum (Cham.) Asch. Fl. Brandenburg 1: 219 (1860) [wfo-0000831796] synonym Ceratophyllum chilense Leyb. Anales Univ. Chile 1859: 682 (1859) [wfo-0000831739] synonym Ceratophyllum unicorne Dumort. Fl. Belg. : 165 (1827) [wfo-0000832428] C. demersum var. demersum Unknown [wfo-0000831818]synonym Ceratophyllum aquaticum H.C.Watson Topogr. Bot. 1: 165 (1873) [wfo-0000831707] synonym Ceratophyllum asperum Lam. Fl. Franç. 2: 196 (1779) [wfo-0000831717] synonym Ceratophyllum cornutum Rich. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. 16: 299 (1810) [wfo-0000831750] synonym Ceratophyllum demersum var. inflatum R.E.Fr. Schwed. Rhod.-Kongo Exped. 1: 41. 1914 [wfo-0000831850] synonym Ceratophyllum demersum var. oxyacanthum (Cham.) K.Schum. Fl. Bras. 3(3): 748 (1894) [wfo-0000831905]basionym Ceratophyllum oxyacanthum Cham. Linnaea 4: 504 (1829) [wfo-0000832194] synonym Ceratophyllum demersum f. papillosum Wilmot-Dear Kew Bull. 40: 261 (1985) [wfo-0000831927] synonym Ceratophyllum demersum var. tricorne Van Haes. Ann. Soc. Méd. Anvers 1841: 394. [wfo-0000831985] synonym Ceratophyllum demersum subvar. tricorne Nyman [wfo-1200041413]basionym Ceratophyllum tricorne Dumort. Fl. Belg. : 165 (1827) [wfo-0000832395] synonym Ceratophyllum gibbum Laforet ex Nyman Consp. Fl. Eur. : 251 (1879) [wfo-0000832013] synonym Ceratophyllum indicum Willd. ex Cham. Linnaea 4: 504 (1829) [wfo-0000832040] synonym Ceratophyllum oxyacanthum Cham. Linnaea 4: 504 (1829) [wfo-0000832194]homotypic Ceratophyllum demersum var. oxyacanthum (Cham.) K.Schum. Fl. Bras. 3(3): 748 (1894) [wfo-0000831905] synonym Ceratophyllum tricorne Dumort. Fl. Belg. : 165 (1827) [wfo-0000832395]homotypic Ceratophyllum demersum subvar. tricorne Nyman [wfo-1200041413] synonym Ceratophyllum tricuspidatum Dumort. Fl. Belg. : 165 (1827) [wfo-0000832406] synonym Ceratophyllum tuberculatum Cham. Linnaea 4: 504 (1829) [wfo-0000832417] synonym Ceratophyllum verticillatum Roxb. Fl. Ind. ed. 1832, 3: 624 (1832) [wfo-0000832459] synonym Ceratophyllum vulgare Schleid. Linnaea 11: 540 (1837) [wfo-0000832469] C. demersum var. inerme J.Gay ex Radcl.-Sm. Kew Bull. 37: 610 (1983) [wfo-0001388393] C. demersum f. missionis (Wall. ex Wight & Arn.) Wilmot-Dear Kew Bull. 40: 259 (1985) [wfo-0000831873]basionym Ceratophyllum missionis Wall. ex Wight & Arn. Prodr. Fl. Ind. Orient. [Wight & Arnott] 1: 310 (1834) [wfo-1000050001] homotypic Ceratophyllum demersum var. missionis (Wall. ex Wight & Arn.) S.K.Srivast. Fl. Pl. India Annot. Checkl. 2: 566. 2020 [wfo-1200007833] synonym Ceratophyllum demersum var. missionis (Wall. ex Wight & Arn.) S.K.Srivast. Fl. Pl. India Annot. Checkl. 2: 566. 2020 [wfo-1200007833]basionym Ceratophyllum missionis Wall. ex Wight & Arn. Prodr. Fl. Ind. Orient. [Wight & Arnott] 1: 310 (1834) [wfo-1000050001] homotypic Ceratophyllum demersum f. missionis (Wall. ex Wight & Arn.) Wilmot-Dear Kew Bull. 40: 259 (1985) [wfo-0000831873] synonym Ceratophyllum missionis Wall. Numer. List [Wallich] sub n. 7007. 1832 [wfo-0000832117] synonym Ceratophyllum missionis Wall. ex Wight & Arn. Prodr. Fl. Ind. Orient. [Wight & Arnott] 1: 310 (1834) [wfo-1000050001]homotypic Ceratophyllum demersum f. missionis (Wall. ex Wight & Arn.) Wilmot-Dear Kew Bull. 40: 259 (1985) [wfo-0000831873] homotypic Ceratophyllum demersum var. missionis (Wall. ex Wight & Arn.) S.K.Srivast. Fl. Pl. India Annot. Checkl. 2: 566. 2020 [wfo-1200007833] C. demersum var. platyacanthum (Cham.) Wimm. Fl. Schles. ed. 3: 169 (1857) [wfo-0000831962]basionym Ceratophyllum platyacanthum Cham. Linnaea 4: 504 (1829) [wfo-0000832235] homotypic Ceratophyllum demersum subsp. platyacanthum (Cham.) Nyman Consp. Fl. Eur. 251 (1879) [wfo-0000831952] synonym Ceratophyllum demersum var. notacanthum Foucaud Fl. Ouest France ed. 4: 26. 1886 [wfo-0000831895] synonym Ceratophyllum demersum var. pentacanthum (Haynald) K.Schum. Fl. Bras. 3(3): 750. 1894 [wfo-0000831938]basionym Ceratophyllum pentacanthum Haynald Magyar Növényt. Lapok 5: 109 (1881) [wfo-0000832225] homotypic Ceratophyllum platyacanthum var. pentacanthum (Haynald) P.Fourn. Fl. Vostochno? Evropy 10: 32 (2001) [wfo-0000832255] synonym Ceratophyllum demersum subsp. platyacanthum (Cham.) Nyman Consp. Fl. Eur. 251 (1879) [wfo-0000831952]basionym Ceratophyllum platyacanthum Cham. Linnaea 4: 504 (1829) [wfo-0000832235] homotypic Ceratophyllum demersum var. platyacanthum (Cham.) Wimm. Fl. Schles. ed. 3: 169 (1857) [wfo-0000831962] synonym Ceratophyllum komarovii Kuzen. Fl. URSS 7: 719 (1937) [wfo-0000832066] synonym Ceratophyllum oxyacanthum Schur Enum. Pl. Transsilv. : 218 (1866) [wfo-0000832204] synonym Ceratophyllum pentacanthum Haynald Magyar Növényt. Lapok 5: 109 (1881) [wfo-0000832225]homotypic Ceratophyllum demersum var. pentacanthum (Haynald) K.Schum. Fl. Bras. 3(3): 750. 1894 [wfo-0000831938] homotypic Ceratophyllum platyacanthum var. pentacanthum (Haynald) P.Fourn. Fl. Vostochno? Evropy 10: 32 (2001) [wfo-0000832255] synonym Ceratophyllum platyacanthum Cham. Linnaea 4: 504 (1829) [wfo-0000832235]homotypic Ceratophyllum demersum subsp. platyacanthum (Cham.) Nyman Consp. Fl. Eur. 251 (1879) [wfo-0000831952] homotypic Ceratophyllum demersum var. platyacanthum (Cham.) Wimm. Fl. Schles. ed. 3: 169 (1857) [wfo-0000831962] synonym Ceratophyllum platyacanthum var. pentacanthum (Haynald) P.Fourn. Fl. Vostochno? Evropy 10: 32 (2001) [wfo-0000832255]basionym Ceratophyllum pentacanthum Haynald Magyar Növényt. Lapok 5: 109 (1881) [wfo-0000832225] homotypic Ceratophyllum demersum var. pentacanthum (Haynald) K.Schum. Fl. Bras. 3(3): 750. 1894 [wfo-0000831938] synonym Ceratophyllum triacanthum Schur Enum. Pl. Transsilv. : 218 (1866) [wfo-0000832384] C. demersum var. quadrispinum Makino J. Jap. Bot. 1(6): 21 (1917) [wfo-0000831974]homotypic Ceratophyllum demersum f. quadrispinum (Makino) Kitag. J. Jap. Bot. 40: 139 1965 [wfo-0000909254] synonym Ceratophyllum demersum var. pentacorne Kitag. Rep. Exped. Manchoukuo Sect. IV 4: 80. 1936 [wfo-0000831945] synonym Ceratophyllum demersum f. quadrispinum (Makino) Kitag. J. Jap. Bot. 40: 139 1965 [wfo-0000909254]basionym Ceratophyllum demersum var. quadrispinum Makino J. Jap. Bot. 1(6): 21 (1917) [wfo-0000831974] synonym Ceratophyllum oryzetorum Kom. Izv. Bot. Sada Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 30: 200 (1931 publ. 1932) [wfo-0000832183]homotypic Ceratophyllum platyacanthum subsp. oryzetorum (Kom.) Les Syst. Bot. 13: 517 (1988) [wfo-0000832245] synonym Ceratophyllum pentacanthum Hayata Icon. Pl. Formosan. viii. 130 1919). [wfo-0000832215] synonym Ceratophyllum platyacanthum subsp. oryzetorum (Kom.) Les Syst. Bot. 13: 517 (1988) [wfo-0000832245]basionym Ceratophyllum oryzetorum Kom. Izv. Bot. Sada Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 30: 200 (1931 publ. 1932) [wfo-0000832183] C. echinatum A.Gray Manual : 401 (1848) [wfo-0000831996]homotypic Ceratophyllum demersum var. echinatum (A.Gray) A.Gray Manual, ed. 2: 383 (1856) [wfo-0000831829] homotypic Ceratophyllum submersum var. echinatum (A.Gray) Wilmot-Dear Kew Bull. 40: 266 (1985) [wfo-0000832297] homotypic Fassettia echinata (A.Gray) Mavrodiev Austral. Syst. Bot. 34(5): 435. 2021 [wfo-1000027113] synonym Ceratophyllum demersum var. echinatum (A.Gray) A.Gray Manual, ed. 2: 383 (1856) [wfo-0000831829]basionym Ceratophyllum echinatum A.Gray Manual : 401 (1848) [wfo-0000831996] homotypic Ceratophyllum submersum var. echinatum (A.Gray) Wilmot-Dear Kew Bull. 40: 266 (1985) [wfo-0000832297] homotypic Fassettia echinata (A.Gray) Mavrodiev Austral. Syst. Bot. 34(5): 435. 2021 [wfo-1000027113] synonym Ceratophyllum submersum var. echinatum (A.Gray) Wilmot-Dear Kew Bull. 40: 266 (1985) [wfo-0000832297]basionym Ceratophyllum echinatum A.Gray Manual : 401 (1848) [wfo-0000831996] homotypic Ceratophyllum demersum var. echinatum (A.Gray) A.Gray Manual, ed. 2: 383 (1856) [wfo-0000831829] homotypic Fassettia echinata (A.Gray) Mavrodiev Austral. Syst. Bot. 34(5): 435. 2021 [wfo-1000027113] synonym Fassettia echinata (A.Gray) Mavrodiev Austral. Syst. Bot. 34(5): 435. 2021 [wfo-1000027113]basionym Ceratophyllum echinatum A.Gray Manual : 401 (1848) [wfo-0000831996] homotypic Ceratophyllum demersum var. echinatum (A.Gray) A.Gray Manual, ed. 2: 383 (1856) [wfo-0000831829] homotypic Ceratophyllum submersum var. echinatum (A.Gray) Wilmot-Dear Kew Bull. 40: 266 (1985) [wfo-0000832297] C. muricatum Cham. Linnaea 4: 504 (1829) [wfo-0000832128]homotypic Ceratophyllum demersum var. muricatum (Cham.) K.Schum. Fl. Bras. 3(3): 750. 1894 [wfo-0000831884] homotypic Ceratophyllum demersum subsp. muricatum (Cham.) Wilmot-Dear Kew Bull. 40: 266 1985 [wfo-0001238282] homotypic Ceratophyllum submersum subsp. muricatum (Cham.) Wilmot-Dear Kew Bull. 40: 266 (1985) [wfo-0000832339] synonym Ceratophyllum demersum var. muricatum (Cham.) K.Schum. Fl. Bras. 3(3): 750. 1894 [wfo-0000831884]basionym Ceratophyllum muricatum Cham. Linnaea 4: 504 (1829) [wfo-0000832128] homotypic Ceratophyllum demersum subsp. muricatum (Cham.) Wilmot-Dear Kew Bull. 40: 266 1985 [wfo-0001238282] homotypic Ceratophyllum submersum subsp. muricatum (Cham.) Wilmot-Dear Kew Bull. 40: 266 (1985) [wfo-0000832339] synonym Ceratophyllum demersum subsp. muricatum (Cham.) Wilmot-Dear Kew Bull. 40: 266 1985 [wfo-0001238282]basionym Ceratophyllum muricatum Cham. Linnaea 4: 504 (1829) [wfo-0000832128] homotypic Ceratophyllum demersum var. muricatum (Cham.) K.Schum. Fl. Bras. 3(3): 750. 1894 [wfo-0000831884] homotypic Ceratophyllum submersum subsp. muricatum (Cham.) Wilmot-Dear Kew Bull. 40: 266 (1985) [wfo-0000832339] synonym Ceratophyllum submersum subsp. muricatum (Cham.) Wilmot-Dear Kew Bull. 40: 266 (1985) [wfo-0000832339]basionym Ceratophyllum muricatum Cham. Linnaea 4: 504 (1829) [wfo-0000832128] homotypic Ceratophyllum demersum var. muricatum (Cham.) K.Schum. Fl. Bras. 3(3): 750. 1894 [wfo-0000831884] homotypic Ceratophyllum demersum subsp. muricatum (Cham.) Wilmot-Dear Kew Bull. 40: 266 1985 [wfo-0001238282] C. muricatum subsp. kossinskyi (Kuzen.) Les Syst. Bot. 13: 85 (1988) [wfo-0000832150]basionym Ceratophyllum kossinskyi Kuzen. Fl. URSS 7: 719 (1937) [wfo-0000832077] synonym Ceratophyllum inflatum C.C.Jao ex K.C.Kuan Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 27: 603 (1979) [wfo-0000832055] synonym Ceratophyllum kossinskyi Kuzen. Fl. URSS 7: 719 (1937) [wfo-0000832077]homotypic Ceratophyllum muricatum subsp. kossinskyi (Kuzen.) Les Syst. Bot. 13: 85 (1988) [wfo-0000832150] synonym Ceratophyllum manschuricum (Miki) Kitag. Rep. Inst. Sci. Res. Manchoukuo 3(App. 1): 207 (1939) [wfo-0000832107]basionym Ceratophyllum submersum var. manschuricum Miki Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 49: 778. 1935 [wfo-0000832329] synonym Ceratophyllum submersum var. manschuricum Miki Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 49: 778. 1935 [wfo-0000832329]homotypic Ceratophyllum manschuricum (Miki) Kitag. Rep. Inst. Sci. Res. Manchoukuo 3(App. 1): 207 (1939) [wfo-0000832107] synonym Ceratophyllum submersum var. squamosum Wilmot-Dear Kew Bull. 40: 266 (1985) [wfo-0000832350] C. muricatum subsp. muricatum [wfo-0000832161]synonym Ceratophyllum cristatum Guill. & Perr. Fl. Seneg. Tent. : 295 (1832) [wfo-0000831774] synonym Ceratophyllum demersum var. oxycarpum Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 644. 1891 [wfo-0000831916] synonym Ceratophyllum polyacanthum Schur Enum. Pl. Transsilv. : 218 (1866) [wfo-0000832277] C. submersum L. Sp. Pl. ed. 2 : 1409 (1763) [wfo-0000832288]C. submersum var. haynaldianum (Borbás) Wilmot-Dear Kew Bull. 40: 266 (1985) [wfo-0000832308]basionym Ceratophyllum haynaldianum Borbás Magyar Növényt. Lapok 8: 20 (1884) [wfo-0000832031] synonym Ceratophyllum haynaldianum Borbás Magyar Növényt. Lapok 8: 20 (1884) [wfo-0000832031]homotypic Ceratophyllum submersum var. haynaldianum (Borbás) Wilmot-Dear Kew Bull. 40: 266 (1985) [wfo-0000832308] C. submersum var. submersum Unknown [wfo-0000832361]synonym Ceratophyllum demersum var. laeve Crép. Man. Fl. Belgique ed. 5: 325. 1884 [wfo-0000831861]basionym Ceratophyllum laeve Lam. Fl. Franç. 2: 197 (1779) [wfo-0000832088] synonym Ceratophyllum granulosum Schur Enum. Pl. Transsilv. : 218 (1866) [wfo-0000832024]homotypic Ceratophyllum submersum var. granulosum (Schur) Nyman Consp. Fl. Eur. 251. 1879 [wfo-0000803256] synonym Ceratophyllum inerme Dumort. Fl. Belg. : 165 (1827) [wfo-0000832049] synonym Ceratophyllum laeve Lam. Fl. Franç. 2: 197 (1779) [wfo-0000832088]homotypic Ceratophyllum demersum var. laeve Crép. Man. Fl. Belgique ed. 5: 325. 1884 [wfo-0000831861] synonym Ceratophyllum muticum Cham. Linnaea 4: 505 (1829) [wfo-0000832173]homotypic Ceratophyllum submersum subvar. muticum Nyman [wfo-1200041412] synonym Ceratophyllum submersum var. granulosum (Schur) Nyman Consp. Fl. Eur. 251. 1879 [wfo-0000803256]basionym Ceratophyllum granulosum Schur Enum. Pl. Transsilv. : 218 (1866) [wfo-0000832024] synonym Ceratophyllum submersum var. inerme Van Haes. Ann. Soc. Méd. Anvers 1841: 394. [wfo-0000832319] synonym Ceratophyllum submersum subvar. muticum Nyman [wfo-1200041412]basionym Ceratophyllum muticum Cham. Linnaea 4: 505 (1829) [wfo-0000832173] synonym Ceratophyllum submersum var. spinosum Mérat Nouv. Fl. Env. Paris 377. 1812 [wfo-1200015464] synonym Ceratophyllum verrucosum Gray Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 554 (1821 publ. 1822) [wfo-0000832439] synonym Ceratophyllum verruculosum Rich. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. 16: 299 (1810) [wfo-0000832449] C. tanaieticum Sapjegin Gen. Ceratophyllum 9. 1903 (as Tanaïticum) [wfo-1000036017] C. tanaiticum Sapegin Trudy Obshch. Isp. Prir. Imp. Khar'kovsk. Univ. 37: 315 (1905) [wfo-0000832372] Ceratophyllum: Unplaced Names
deprecated Ceratophyllum cristatum Perr. & Guill. Fl. Seneg. Tent. 296 1833 [wfo-0001292816] deprecated Ceratophyllum sect. Muricatum Les Syst. Bot. 14(2): 259. 1989 [wfo-3400008797] unknown Ceratophyllum platyacanthum subsp. platyacanthum Unknown [wfo-0000832266] deprecated Ceratophyllum sect. Submersum Les Syst. Bot. 14(2): 259. 1989 [wfo-3400008796]