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Kerbera E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 290 (1885) [wfo-4000019944]K. eichleri E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 290 (1885) [wfo-0001102134]synonym Melinia eichleri (E.Fourn.) K.Schum. Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4(2): 245 (1895) [wfo-0001101902] Morrenia Lindl. Edwards's Bot. Reg. 24(Misc.): 69 (1838) [wfo-4000024871]Morrenia: Unplaced Names
unknown Morrenia odorata Hort. ex Kunze Linnaea 20: 19. 1847 [wfo-0000033872] Oxypetalum R.Br. Asclepiadeae : 30 (1810) [wfo-4000027579]synonym Amblyopetalum (Griseb.) Malme Ark. Bot. 21A(3): 17 (1927) [wfo-4000001529] synonym Calostigma Decne. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 9: 343 (1838) [wfo-4000006198] synonym Corollonema Schltr. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 441 (1914) [wfo-4000009348] synonym Cystostemma E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 204 (1885) [wfo-4000010585] synonym Dactylostelma Schltr. Oesterr. Bot. Z. 45: 452 (1895) [wfo-4000010653] synonym Metoxypetalum Morillo Ernstia, ser. 2 3(3–4): 145–146. 1994. [wfo-4000023951] synonym Schistogyne Hook. & Arn. J. Bot. (Hooker) 1: 292 (1835) [wfo-4000034374] synonym Schizostemma Decne. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 9: 344 (1838) [wfo-4000034458] synonym Widgrenia Malme Kongl. Svenska Vetensk. Acad. Handl., n.s., 34(7): 69 (1900) [wfo-4000040687] O. acerosum Malme Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, 8: 106 (1908) [wfo-0000385006] O. aequaliflorum E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 283 (1885) [wfo-0000385007]synonym Gothofreda aequaliflora (E.Fourn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 419 (1891) [wfo-0000708140] synonym Oxypetalum stenophyllum Malme Ark. Bot. 21A(3): 39 (1927) [wfo-0001104336] O. alpinum (Vell.) Fontella & E.A.Schwarz Bol. Mus. Bot. Munic. 61: 2 (1984) [wfo-0000385005]basionym Asclepias alpina Vell. Fl. Flumin. 3: 116 (1829) [wfo-0000551089] synonym Asclepias alpina Vell. Fl. Flumin. 3: 116 (1829) [wfo-0000551089]homotypic Oxypetalum alpinum (Vell.) Fontella & E.A.Schwarz Bol. Mus. Bot. Munic. 61: 2 (1984) [wfo-0000385005] synonym Asclepias nitida Vell. Fl. Flumin. 3: 116 (1829) [wfo-0000551564] synonym Cynanchum umbellatum Vell. Fl. Flumin. 3: t. 73, 120 (1829) [wfo-0000633690] synonym Gothofreda nitida (Vell.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708207] synonym Gothofreda pallida Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708213] synonym Oxypetalum alpinum var. pallidum (Hoehne) Fontella & E.A.Schwarz Bol. Mus. Bot. Munic. 61: 4 (1984) [wfo-0001104672]basionym Oxypetalum umbellatum var. pallidum Hoehne Relat. Commiss. Linhas Telegr. Estratég. Matto Grosso Amazonas 38: 20 (1916) [wfo-0001241427] synonym Oxypetalum pallidum E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 259 (1885) [wfo-0000385057] synonym Oxypetalum umbellatum Gardner London J. Bot. 1: 179 (1842) [wfo-0001101991] synonym Oxypetalum umbellatum var. pallidum Hoehne Relat. Commiss. Linhas Telegr. Estratég. Matto Grosso Amazonas 38: 20 (1916) [wfo-0001241427]homotypic Oxypetalum alpinum var. pallidum (Hoehne) Fontella & E.A.Schwarz Bol. Mus. Bot. Munic. 61: 4 (1984) [wfo-0001104672] O. appendiculatum Mart. Nov. Gen. Sp. Pl. Bras. 1: 48 (1824) [wfo-0000384999]synonym Gothofreda appendiculata (Mart.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 419 (1891) [wfo-0000708146] synonym Gothofreda siliculae (E.Fourn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708229] synonym Oxypetalum siliculae E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 66 (1878) [wfo-0000384877] O. arachnoideum E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 272 (1885) [wfo-0000385009]synonym Gothofreda arachnodea Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 419. 1891 [5 Nov 1891] [wfo-0001417417] synonym Gothofreda arachnoidea (E.Fourn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 419 (1891) [wfo-0000708147] synonym Gothofreda grandiflora (E.Fourn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708177] synonym Oxypetalum grandiflorum E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 272 (1885) [wfo-0001101971] O. arenicola Hauman ex Lillo Physis (Buenos Aires) 4: 416 (1919) [wfo-0001104369] O. argentinum Malme Ark. Bot. 3(8): 15 (1904) [wfo-0001101956]synonym Ditassa campestris Griseb. Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 24: 228 (1879) [wfo-0000652480] O. arnottianum H.Buek Ind. Candolleana 3: viii (1858) [wfo-0000385004]basionym Oxypetalum capitatum Hook. & Arn. J. Bot. (Hooker) 1: 288 (1834) [wfo-0000384963] synonym Gothofreda arnottiana (H.Buek) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 419 (1891) [wfo-0000708148] synonym Gothofreda microstemma (E.Fourn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708197] synonym Oxypetalum capitatum Hook. & Arn. J. Bot. (Hooker) 1: 288 (1834) [wfo-0000384963]homotypic Oxypetalum arnottianum H.Buek Ind. Candolleana 3: viii (1858) [wfo-0000385004] synonym Oxypetalum clavatum Malme Bih. Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. 27(3; 8): 27 (1901) [wfo-0000384958] synonym Oxypetalum microstemma E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 282 (1885) [wfo-0001102294] O. attenuatum (Rusby) Malme Ark. Bot. 25A(14): 15 (1934) [wfo-0001104371]basionym Schistogyne attenuata Rusby Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 6: 77 (1896) [wfo-0001103259] synonym Oxypetalum schlechteri Malme Ark. Bot. 25A(7): 15 (1933) [wfo-0000384878] synonym Schistogyne attenuata Rusby Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 6: 77 (1896) [wfo-0001103259]homotypic Oxypetalum attenuatum (Rusby) Malme Ark. Bot. 25A(14): 15 (1934) [wfo-0001104371] synonym Schistogyne oxypetaloides Schltr. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 442 (1914) [wfo-0001103956] O. aurantiacum Malme ex Chodat & Hassl. Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, 3: 240 (1903) [wfo-0000385002] O. balansae Malme Kongl. Svenska Vetensk. Acad. Handl., n.s., 34(7): 51 (1900) [wfo-0000385000]synonym Gothofreda apoloensis Rusby Bull. New York Bot. Gard. 8: 113 (1912) [wfo-0000708144]homotypic Oxypetalum apoloense (Rusby) Dorr Brittonia 43: 220 (1992) [wfo-0001104869] homotypic Oxypetalum apoloensis (Rusby) Dorr Brittonia 43(4): 220. 1992 [1991 publ. 1992] [wfo-0000385012] synonym Oxypetalum apoloense (Rusby) Dorr Brittonia 43: 220 (1992) [wfo-0001104869]basionym Gothofreda apoloensis Rusby Bull. New York Bot. Gard. 8: 113 (1912) [wfo-0000708144] homotypic Oxypetalum apoloensis (Rusby) Dorr Brittonia 43(4): 220. 1992 [1991 publ. 1992] [wfo-0000385012] synonym Oxypetalum pauciflorum Occhioni Leandra 1(1): 9 (1971) [wfo-0001104614] O. banksii R.Br. ex Schult. Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis 6: 81 (1820) [wfo-0000384981]homotypic Gothofreda banksii (R.Br. ex Schult.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 419 (1891) [wfo-0000708149] synonym Asclepias communis Vell. Fl. Flumin. 3: 115 (1829) [wfo-0000551201] synonym Gothofreda banksii (R.Br. ex Schult.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 419 (1891) [wfo-0000708149]basionym Oxypetalum banksii R.Br. ex Schult. Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis 6: 81 (1820) [wfo-0000384981] synonym Gothofreda corymbifera (E.Fourn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 419 (1891) [wfo-0000708163] synonym Gothofreda maritima (Hook. & Arn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708194] synonym Oxypetalum banksii subsp. corymbiferum (E.Fourn.) Fontella & C.Valente Anais Acad. Brasil. Ci. 43: 177 (1971) [wfo-0001104612]basionym Oxypetalum corymbiferum E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 267 (1885) [wfo-0001101963] synonym Oxypetalum corymbiferum E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 267 (1885) [wfo-0001101963]homotypic Oxypetalum banksii subsp. corymbiferum (E.Fourn.) Fontella & C.Valente Anais Acad. Brasil. Ci. 43: 177 (1971) [wfo-0001104612] synonym Oxypetalum marambaiense Occhioni Leandra 1(1): 7 (1971) [wfo-0000385040] synonym Oxypetalum maritimum Hook. & Arn. J. Bot. (Hooker) 1: 288 (1834) [wfo-0001102292] synonym Oxypetalum schenckii K.Schum. Beibl. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 60: 20 (1898) [wfo-0000384879] O. brachystemma Malme Ark. Bot. 3(8): 2 (1904) [wfo-0001103307]synonym Corollonema boliviense Schltr. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 441 (1914) [wfo-0000621606] O. brachystephanum (Malme) Malme Ark. Bot. 3(8): 7 (1904) [wfo-0000384968]basionym Oxypetalum arnottianum var. brachystephanum Malme Bih. Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. 27(3; 8): 20 (1901) [wfo-0000390764] synonym Oxypetalum arnottianum var. brachystephanum Malme Bih. Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. 27(3; 8): 20 (1901) [wfo-0000390764]homotypic Oxypetalum brachystephanum (Malme) Malme Ark. Bot. 3(8): 7 (1904) [wfo-0000384968] O. capitatum Mart. Nov. Gen. Sp. Pl. Bras. 1: 50 (1824) [wfo-0000384964]synonym Gothofreda capitata (Mart.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(3): 199 (1898) [wfo-0000708153] synonym Gothofreda glomerata (E.Fourn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708175] synonym Gothofreda stigmatosa (E.Fourn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708232] synonym Oxypetalum albicans Schltr. Notizbl. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 6: 177 (1914) [wfo-0001101954] synonym Oxypetalum glomeratum E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 281 (1885) [wfo-0001101970] O. capitatum subsp. angustum Malme Ark. Bot. 21A(3): 35 (1927) [wfo-0001319355] O. capitatum subsp. capitatum Unknown [wfo-0001425923]synonym Gothofreda ternifolia (E.Fourn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708237] synonym Oxypetalum clavigerum S.Moore Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 4: 397 (1895) [wfo-0001104950] synonym Oxypetalum stigmatosum E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 280 (1885) [wfo-0001101988] synonym Oxypetalum ternifolium E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 279 (1885) [wfo-0001101990] O. capitatum subsp. mirabile (Malme) Fontella & Farinaccio Bradea 8: 67 (1997) [wfo-0000384955]basionym Oxypetalum hasslerianum var. mirabile Malme Bih. Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. 27(3; 8): 24 (1901) [wfo-0000390720] synonym Gothofreda andina Rusby Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 4: 220 (1895) [wfo-0000708143] synonym Gothofreda consimilis Rusby Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 7: 334 (1927) [wfo-0000708160] synonym Gothofreda macroglossa Rusby Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 7: 334 (1927) [wfo-0000708192] synonym Gothofreda proboscidea (E.Fourn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708224] synonym Oxypetalum hasslerianum Chodat Bull. Herb. Boissier 7(App. 1): 79 (1899) [wfo-0001101973] synonym Oxypetalum hasslerianum var. mirabile Malme Bih. Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. 27(3; 8): 24 (1901) [wfo-0000390720]homotypic Oxypetalum capitatum subsp. mirabile (Malme) Fontella & Farinaccio Bradea 8: 67 (1997) [wfo-0000384955] synonym Oxypetalum proboscideum E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 281 (1885) [wfo-0001101985] O. ceratostemma Malme Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, 8: 104 (1908) [wfo-0000384961] O. chodatianum Malme Bih. Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. 27(3; 8): 29 (1901) [wfo-0000384960]synonym Oxypetalum paranense Malme Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, 8: 102 (1908) [wfo-0000507733] O. coalitum E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 282 (1885) [wfo-0001101960]synonym Gothofreda coalita (E.Fourn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 419 (1891) [wfo-0000708154] O. coccineum Griseb. Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 19: 206 (1874) [wfo-0001102284]synonym Amblyopetalum coccineum (Griseb.) Malme Ark. Bot. 29A(4): 8 (1937) [wfo-0000338859] synonym Gothofreda coccinea (Griseb.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(2): 199 (1898) [wfo-0000708155] O. coeruleum (D.Don ex Sweet) Decne. Prodr. 8: 585 (1844) [wfo-0001102285]basionym Tweedia coerulea D.Don ex Sweet Brit. Fl. Gard. [Sweet] Ser. II. t. 407. [wfo-0001102650] homotypic Amblyopetalum coeruleum (D.Don ex Sweet) Malme Ark. Bot. 21A(3): 17, 48. 1927 [wfo-0000338861] homotypic Gothofreda coerulea (D.Don ex Sweet) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708158] synonym Amblyopetalum coeruleum (D.Don ex Sweet) Malme Ark. Bot. 21A(3): 17, 48. 1927 [wfo-0000338861]basionym Tweedia coerulea D.Don ex Sweet Brit. Fl. Gard. [Sweet] Ser. II. t. 407. [wfo-0001102650] homotypic Gothofreda coerulea (D.Don ex Sweet) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708158] homotypic Oxypetalum coeruleum (D.Don ex Sweet) Decne. Prodr. 8: 585 (1844) [wfo-0001102285] synonym Gothofreda coerulea (D.Don ex Sweet) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708158]basionym Tweedia coerulea D.Don ex Sweet Brit. Fl. Gard. [Sweet] Ser. II. t. 407. [wfo-0001102650] homotypic Amblyopetalum coeruleum (D.Don ex Sweet) Malme Ark. Bot. 21A(3): 17, 48. 1927 [wfo-0000338861] homotypic Oxypetalum coeruleum (D.Don ex Sweet) Decne. Prodr. 8: 585 (1844) [wfo-0001102285] synonym Tweedia coerulea D.Don ex Sweet Brit. Fl. Gard. [Sweet] Ser. II. t. 407. [wfo-0001102650]homotypic Amblyopetalum coeruleum (D.Don ex Sweet) Malme Ark. Bot. 21A(3): 17, 48. 1927 [wfo-0000338861] homotypic Gothofreda coerulea (D.Don ex Sweet) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708158] homotypic Oxypetalum coeruleum (D.Don ex Sweet) Decne. Prodr. 8: 585 (1844) [wfo-0001102285] synonym Tweedia versicolor Hook. Bot. Mag. 65: t. 3630. 1838 [wfo-0001102652] O. commersonianum (Decne.) Fontella & E.A.Schwarz Bradea 3: 410 (1983) [wfo-0001104673]basionym Melinia commersoniana Decne. Prodr. 8: 589 (1844) [wfo-0001101900] synonym Cynanchum luteolum Vahl ex Decne. Prodr. 8: 589 (1844) [wfo-0000633274] synonym Melinia atropurpurea Malme Kongl. Svenska Vetensk. Acad. Handl., n.s., 34(7): 72 (1900) [wfo-0001103211]homotypic Oxypetalum atropurpureum (Malme) T.Mey. Lilloa 9: 20 (1943) [wfo-0001104483] synonym Melinia commersoniana Decne. Prodr. 8: 589 (1844) [wfo-0001101900]homotypic Oxypetalum commersonianum (Decne.) Fontella & E.A.Schwarz Bradea 3: 410 (1983) [wfo-0001104673] synonym Oxypetalum atropurpureum (Malme) T.Mey. Lilloa 9: 20 (1943) [wfo-0001104483]basionym Melinia atropurpurea Malme Kongl. Svenska Vetensk. Acad. Handl., n.s., 34(7): 72 (1900) [wfo-0001103211] O. cordifolium (Vent.) Schltr. Symb. Antill. 1: 269 (1899) [wfo-0000384979]basionym Gothofreda cordifolia Vent. Choix Pl. : t. 36 (1807) [wfo-0000708161] synonym Gothofreda cordifolia Vent. Choix Pl. : t. 36 (1807) [wfo-0000708161]homotypic Oxypetalum cordifolium (Vent.) Schltr. Symb. Antill. 1: 269 (1899) [wfo-0000384979] synonym Oxypetalum gothofreda Schult. Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis 6: 82 (1820) [wfo-0000385380] O. cordifolium subsp. brasiliense (Decne.) Fontella & Goyder Kew Bull. 60: 108 (2005) [wfo-0001319356]basionym Oxypetalum riparium var. brasiliense Decne. Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 8: 583. 1844 [mid Mar 1844] [wfo-0001375573] synonym Oxypetalum riparium var. brasiliense Decne. Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 8: 583. 1844 [mid Mar 1844] [wfo-0001375573]homotypic Oxypetalum cordifolium subsp. brasiliense (Decne.) Fontella & Goyder Kew Bull. 60: 108 (2005) [wfo-0001319356] synonym Oxypetalum subriparium Malme Ark. Bot. 25A(7): 14 (1933) [wfo-0000384891] O. cordifolium subsp. cordifolium Unknown [wfo-0001425924]synonym Oxypetalum huilense Pittier Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 13: 115 (1910) [wfo-0000384976] synonym Oxypetalum lindenianum Turcz. Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 25(II): 318 (1852) [wfo-0000385045] synonym Oxypetalum riparium Kunth Nov. Gen. Sp. 3: 197 (1819) [wfo-0000384884] synonym Oxypetalum riparium var. glabrescens K.Schum. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 25(5): 730. 1898 [23 Dec 1898] [wfo-0001375574] O. cordifolium subsp. mexiae (Malme) Fontella & Goyder Kew Bull. 60: 107 (2005) [wfo-0001319349]basionym Oxypetalum mexiae Malme Ark. Bot. 28A(5): 6 (1936) [wfo-0001101977] synonym Oxypetalum mexiae Malme Ark. Bot. 28A(5): 6 (1936) [wfo-0001101977]homotypic Oxypetalum cordifolium subsp. mexiae (Malme) Fontella & Goyder Kew Bull. 60: 107 (2005) [wfo-0001319349] O. cordifolium subsp. pedicellatum (Decne.) Fontella & Goyder Kew Bull. 60: 108 (2005) [wfo-0001319350]basionym Oxypetalum pedicellatum Decne. Prodr. 8: 582 (1844) [wfo-0001101984] synonym Gothofreda pedicellata (Decne.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708222] synonym Oxypetalum pedicellatum Decne. Prodr. 8: 582 (1844) [wfo-0001101984]homotypic Oxypetalum cordifolium subsp. pedicellatum (Decne.) Fontella & Goyder Kew Bull. 60: 108 (2005) [wfo-0001319350] synonym Oxypetalum pedicellatum var. itatiaiense Occhioni Dusenia 3: 201. 1952 [wfo-0001375572] O. corymbosum (Malme) Liede & Meve Phytotaxa 202: 39 (2015) [wfo-0001317468]synonym Melinia corymbosa (Malme) Fontella & Farinaccio Bradea 8: 67 (1997) [wfo-0001276664]basionym Widgrenia corymbosa Malme Kongl. Svenska Vetensk. Acad. Handl., n.s., 34(7): 69 (1900) [wfo-0001102053] synonym Melinia iberae J.L.Fontana Folia Bot. Geobot. Corrent. 4: 1 (1990) [wfo-0001104790] synonym Widgrenia corymbosa Malme Kongl. Svenska Vetensk. Acad. Handl., n.s., 34(7): 69 (1900) [wfo-0001102053]homotypic Melinia corymbosa (Malme) Fontella & Farinaccio Bradea 8: 67 (1997) [wfo-0001276664] O. crispum Wight ex Hook. & Arn. J. Bot. (Hooker) 1: 288 (1834) [wfo-0000384985]synonym Gothofreda albiflora (Decne.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708141] synonym Gothofreda crispa (Wight ex Hook. & Arn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 419 (1891) [wfo-0000708164] synonym Gothofreda integriloba (E.Fourn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708182] synonym Gothofreda kuntzei (Schltr.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(2): 199 (1898) [wfo-0000708184] synonym Gothofreda oblongifolia Morong Ann. New York Acad. Sci. 7: 161 (1893) [wfo-0000708209]homotypic Oxypetalum oblongifolium (Morong) Lillo Physis (Buenos Aires) 4: 414 (1919) [wfo-0001104267] synonym Oxypetalum albiflorum Decne. Prodr. 8: 587 (1844) [wfo-0001102282] synonym Oxypetalum integrilobum E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 279 (1885) [wfo-0001102290] synonym Oxypetalum kuntzei Schltr. Oesterr. Bot. Z. 45: 453 (1895) [wfo-0001102859] synonym Oxypetalum oblongifolium (Morong) Lillo Physis (Buenos Aires) 4: 414 (1919) [wfo-0001104267]basionym Gothofreda oblongifolia Morong Ann. New York Acad. Sci. 7: 161 (1893) [wfo-0000708209] synonym Oxypetalum pratense Griseb. Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 24: 231 (1879) [wfo-0001102300] synonym Oxypetalum spegazzinii Hauman ex Lillo Physis (Buenos Aires) 4: 414 (1919) [wfo-0001104335] O. dactylostelma Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 302 (2004) [wfo-0001275760]synonym Dactylostelma boliviense Schltr. Oesterr. Bot. Z. 45: 452 (1895) [wfo-0000636853] synonym Oxypetalum boliviense Schltr. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 37: 622 (1906) [wfo-0001101957] O. dombeyanum Decne. Prodr. 8: 583 (1844) [wfo-0001101966]synonym Gothofreda dombeyana (Decne.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708169] O. ekblomii Malme Kongl. Svenska Vetensk. Acad. Handl., n.s., 34(7): 52 (1900) [wfo-0001101968] O. erectum Mart. Nov. Gen. Sp. Pl. Bras. 1: 50 (1824) [wfo-0000385392]homotypic Gothofreda erecta (Mart.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708170] synonym Asclepias arvensis Vell. Fl. Flumin. 3: 117 (1829) [wfo-0000551125]homotypic Oxypetalum arvense (Vell.) J.F.Macbr. Candollea 5: 401 (1934) [wfo-0001104370] synonym Asclepias campestris Vell. Fl. Flumin. 3: t. 63 (1829) [wfo-0000551168] synonym Asclepias multicaulis Vell. Fl. Flumin. 3: 117 (1829) [wfo-0000551547] synonym Gothofreda ampliflora (E.Fourn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 419 (1891) [wfo-0000708142] synonym Gothofreda erecta (Mart.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708170]basionym Oxypetalum erectum Mart. Nov. Gen. Sp. Pl. Bras. 1: 50 (1824) [wfo-0000385392] synonym Gothofreda multicaulis (Vell.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708204] synonym Oxypetalum ampliflorum E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 276 (1885) [wfo-0001101955] synonym Oxypetalum arvense (Vell.) J.F.Macbr. Candollea 5: 401 (1934) [wfo-0001104370]basionym Asclepias arvensis Vell. Fl. Flumin. 3: 117 (1829) [wfo-0000551125] synonym Oxypetalum campestre Decne. Prodr. 8: 585 (1844) [wfo-0001101959] synonym Oxypetalum erectum subsp. campestre (Vell.) Hoehne Relat. Commiss. Linhas Telegr. Estratég. Matto Grosso Amazonas 38: 121 (1916) [wfo-0001359300] synonym Oxypetalum erectum var. floribundum (Decne. ex DC.) E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. (Martius) 6(4): 276. 1885 [1 Jun 1885] [wfo-0001411435] synonym Oxypetalum erectum f. genuina Hoehne Relat. Commiss. Linhas Telegr. Estratég. Matto Grosso Amazonas 38: 120, pl. 13, 57. 1916 [wfo-0001320735] synonym Oxypetalum erectum var. genuinum E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. (Martius) 6(4): 276. 1885 [1 Jun 1885] [wfo-0001375565] synonym Oxypetalum erectum subsp. longipes Hoehne Relat. Commiss. Linhas Telegr. Estratég. Matto Grosso Amazonas 38: 122 (1916) [wfo-0001319351] synonym Oxypetalum erectum var. luteoviride Hoehne Relat. Commiss. Linhas Telegr. Estratég. Matto Grosso Amazonas 38: 121, 129. 1916 [wfo-0001379376] synonym Oxypetalum erectum var. micranthum Hoehne Relat. Commiss. Linhas Telegr. Estratég. Matto Grosso Amazonas 38: 123, pl. 58. 1916 [wfo-0001379377] synonym Oxypetalum erectum var. subspathulatum Hoehne Relat. Commiss. Linhas Telegr. Estratég. Matto Grosso Amazonas 38: 123. 1916 [wfo-0001379378] synonym Oxypetalum floribundum Decne. Prodr. 8: 586 (1844) [wfo-0000385389] synonym Oxypetalum longipes Malme Ark. Bot. 3(8): 3 (1904) [wfo-0000385044] O. erianthum Decne. Prodr. 8: 584 (1844) [wfo-0000385386]homotypic Gothofreda eriantha (Decne.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708171] synonym Gothofreda eriantha (Decne.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708171]basionym Oxypetalum erianthum Decne. Prodr. 8: 584 (1844) [wfo-0000385386] synonym Oxypetalum aureum Chodat Bull. Herb. Boissier 7(App. 1): 80 (1899) [wfo-0000385001] synonym Oxypetalum erianthum var. longipedunculatum Silveira ex Hoehne Relat. Commiss. Linhas Telegr. Estratég. Matto Grosso Amazonas 38: 28. 1916 [wfo-0001375566] O. erostre E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 265 (1885) [wfo-0000385382]homotypic Gothofreda erostris (E.Fourn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708172] synonym Gothofreda erostris (E.Fourn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708172]basionym Oxypetalum erostre E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 265 (1885) [wfo-0000385382] synonym Gothofreda paupercula (E.Fourn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708220] synonym Oxypetalum pauperculum E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 265 (1885) [wfo-0001101983] O. fiebrigii (Malme) Goyder & Rapini Phytotaxa 26: 12 (2011) [wfo-0001043476]synonym Schistogyne fiebrigii Malme Ark. Bot. 25A(14): 14 (1934) [wfo-0001104380] O. filamentosum Malme Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, 8: 103 (1908) [wfo-0000385388] O. flavopurpureum Goyder & Fontella Kew Bull. 60: 97 (2005) [wfo-0001277289] O. foliosum Mart. Nov. Gen. Sp. Pl. Bras. 1: 50 (1824) [wfo-0000385391]homotypic Gothofreda foliosa (Mart.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708173] synonym Asclepias pilosa Vell. Fl. Flumin. 3: 117 (1829) [wfo-0000551644] synonym Gothofreda foliosa (Mart.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708173]basionym Oxypetalum foliosum Mart. Nov. Gen. Sp. Pl. Bras. 1: 50 (1824) [wfo-0000385391] synonym Oxypetalum tricarunculatum Silveira Fl. Serr. Min. : 26 (1908) [wfo-0000384893] O. fontellae S.A.Cáceres Bonplandia (Corrientes) 7: 31 (1993) [wfo-0001251210] O. glabrescens Malme Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, 8: 102 (1908) [wfo-0000385387] O. glabrum (Decne.) Malme Ark. Bot. 21A(3): 29 (1927) [wfo-0000385385]basionym Calostigma glabrum Decne. Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 8: 581. 1844 [mid Mar 1844] [wfo-0000581476] homotypic Oxypetalum insigne var. glabrum (Decne.) Fontella & E.A.Schwarz Bradea 4(3): 17 (1983): [wfo-0001104675] synonym Calostigma glabrum Decne. Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 8: 581. 1844 [mid Mar 1844] [wfo-0000581476]homotypic Oxypetalum glabrum (Decne.) Malme Ark. Bot. 21A(3): 29 (1927) [wfo-0000385385] homotypic Oxypetalum insigne var. glabrum (Decne.) Fontella & E.A.Schwarz Bradea 4(3): 17 (1983): [wfo-0001104675] synonym Oxypetalum insigne var. glabrum (Decne.) Fontella & E.A.Schwarz Bradea 4(3): 17 (1983): [wfo-0001104675]basionym Calostigma glabrum Decne. Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 8: 581. 1844 [mid Mar 1844] [wfo-0000581476] homotypic Oxypetalum glabrum (Decne.) Malme Ark. Bot. 21A(3): 29 (1927) [wfo-0000385385] O. glaziovianum Loes. Flora 72: 78 (1889) [wfo-0001101969]synonym Oxypetalum mourai Hoehne Relat. Commiss. Linhas Telegr. Estratég. Matto Grosso Amazonas 38(1, Suppl. 1): 77 (1916) [wfo-0001104005] O. glaziovii (E.Fourn.) Fontella & Marquete Bradea 9: 24 (2003) [wfo-0000509898]basionym Melinia glaziovii E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 289 (1885) [wfo-0000368709] synonym Calostigma glabrum var. glaziovii Hoehne Relat. Commiss. Linhas Telegr. Estratég. Matto Grosso Amazonas 38(2): 16 (1916) [wfo-0000581477] synonym Calostigma glaziovii E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 286 (1885) [wfo-0000581479]homotypic Oxypetalum insigne var. glaziovii (E.Fourn.) Fontella & E.A.Schwarz Bradea 4: 17 (1983) [wfo-0001319511] synonym Melinia glaziovii E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 289 (1885) [wfo-0000368709]homotypic Oxypetalum glaziovii (E.Fourn.) Fontella & Marquete Bradea 9: 24 (2003) [wfo-0000509898] synonym Melinia hilariana E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 290 (1885) [wfo-0001101903] synonym Oxypetalum insigne var. glaziovii (E.Fourn.) Fontella & E.A.Schwarz Bradea 4: 17 (1983) [wfo-0001319511]basionym Calostigma glaziovii E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 286 (1885) [wfo-0000581479] synonym Oxypetalum urbanianum Silveira Fl. Serr. Min. : 25 (1908) [wfo-0001101992] O. guaraniticum (Malme) Malme Ark. Bot. 21A(3): 28 (1927) [wfo-0001104326]basionym Calostigma guaraniticum Malme Ark. Bot. 16(15): 29 (1921) [wfo-0000581480] synonym Calostigma guaraniticum Malme Ark. Bot. 16(15): 29 (1921) [wfo-0000581480]homotypic Oxypetalum guaraniticum (Malme) Malme Ark. Bot. 21A(3): 28 (1927) [wfo-0001104326] O. gyrophyllum Farinaccio & Mello-Silva Novon 16: 236 (2006) [wfo-0000390724] O. harleyi (Fontella & Goyder) Farin. Neodiversity 3(2): 20 (2008) [wfo-0000744372]basionym Oxypetalum cordifolium subsp. harleyi Fontella & Goyder Kew Bull. 60: 106 (2005) [wfo-0000384962] synonym Oxypetalum cordifolium subsp. harleyi Fontella & Goyder Kew Bull. 60: 106 (2005) [wfo-0000384962]homotypic Oxypetalum harleyi (Fontella & Goyder) Farin. Neodiversity 3(2): 20 (2008) [wfo-0000744372] O. heptalobum Goyder & Rapini Phytotaxa 26: 12 (2011) [wfo-0000748725]basionym Schistogyne boliviensis Schltr. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 442 (1914) [wfo-0001103955] synonym Schistogyne boliviensis Schltr. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 442 (1914) [wfo-0001103955]homotypic Oxypetalum heptalobum Goyder & Rapini Phytotaxa 26: 12 (2011) [wfo-0000748725] O. hilarianum E.Fourn. Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 8: 283. 1844 [mid Mar 1844] [wfo-0000384980]synonym Gothofreda hilariana (E.Fourn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708180] O. hoehnei Malme Ark. Bot. 21A(3): 30 (1927) [wfo-0001104327]basionym Calostigma dusenii Hoehne Relat. Commiss. Linhas Telegr. Estratég. Matto Grosso Amazonas 38(2): 23 (1916) [wfo-0000581475] synonym Calostigma dusenii Hoehne Relat. Commiss. Linhas Telegr. Estratég. Matto Grosso Amazonas 38(2): 23 (1916) [wfo-0000581475]homotypic Oxypetalum hoehnei Malme Ark. Bot. 21A(3): 30 (1927) [wfo-0001104327] O. humile (Morong) Hassl. Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, 3: 239 (1903) [wfo-0000384975]basionym Ditassa humilis Morong Ann. New York Acad. Sci. 7: 163 (1893) [wfo-0000652543] synonym Ditassa humilis Morong Ann. New York Acad. Sci. 7: 163 (1893) [wfo-0000652543]homotypic Oxypetalum humile (Morong) Hassl. Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, 3: 239 (1903) [wfo-0000384975] synonym Gothofreda paraguayensis (Schltr.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(2): 199 (1898) [wfo-0000708216]basionym Oxypetalum paraguayense Schltr. Oesterr. Bot. Z. 45: 454 (1895) [wfo-0000385055] synonym Oxypetalum paraguayense Schltr. Oesterr. Bot. Z. 45: 454 (1895) [wfo-0000385055]homotypic Gothofreda paraguayensis (Schltr.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(2): 199 (1898) [wfo-0000708216] O. incanum E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 276 (1885) [wfo-0000384973]homotypic Gothofreda incana (E.Fourn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708181] synonym Gothofreda incana (E.Fourn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708181]basionym Oxypetalum incanum E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 276 (1885) [wfo-0000384973] synonym Oxypetalum tridens Malme Ark. Bot. 3(8): 8 (1904) [wfo-0000384894] O. insigne (Decne.) Malme Ark. Bot. 21A(3): 31 (1927) [wfo-0000384972]basionym Calostigma insigne Decne. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 9: 343 (1838) [wfo-0000581482] synonym Calostigma insigne Decne. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 9: 343 (1838) [wfo-0000581482]homotypic Oxypetalum insigne (Decne.) Malme Ark. Bot. 21A(3): 31 (1927) [wfo-0000384972] synonym Oxypetalum rariflorum Malme Ark. Bot. 21A(3): 27 (1927) [wfo-0001104333] O. insigne var. bresolinii Fontella Bradea 5: 382 (1990) [wfo-0001319510] O. insigne var. burchellii (E.Fourn.) Fontella Bradea 5: 381 (1990) [wfo-0001240538]basionym Calostigma burchellii E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 286 (1885) [wfo-0000581474] homotypic Oxypetalum burchellii (E.Fourn.) Malme Ark. Bot. 21A(3): 31 (1927) [wfo-0001104325] synonym Calostigma burchellii E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 286 (1885) [wfo-0000581474]homotypic Oxypetalum burchellii (E.Fourn.) Malme Ark. Bot. 21A(3): 31 (1927) [wfo-0001104325] homotypic Oxypetalum insigne var. burchellii (E.Fourn.) Fontella Bradea 5: 381 (1990) [wfo-0001240538] synonym Oxypetalum burchellii (E.Fourn.) Malme Ark. Bot. 21A(3): 31 (1927) [wfo-0001104325]basionym Calostigma burchellii E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 286 (1885) [wfo-0000581474] homotypic Oxypetalum insigne var. burchellii (E.Fourn.) Fontella Bradea 5: 381 (1990) [wfo-0001240538] O. insigne var. insigne Unknown [wfo-0001426191]synonym Calostigma baetaeanum Silveira Fl. Serr. Min. : 27 (1908) [wfo-0000581473]homotypic Oxypetalum baetaeanum (Silveira) Malme Ark. Bot. 21A(3): 31 1927 [wfo-0001104323] homotypic Oxypetalum baetaeanum (Silveira) T.Mey. Dusenia 2: 366 (1951) [wfo-0001104519] homotypic Oxypetalum insigne f. baetaeanum (Silveira) Fontella & E.A.Schwarz Bradea 4: 18 (1983) [wfo-0001104674] synonym Calostigma guilleminianum Decne. Prodr. 8: 581 (1844) [wfo-0000581481] synonym Oxypetalum baetaeanum (Silveira) Malme Ark. Bot. 21A(3): 31 1927 [wfo-0001104323]basionym Calostigma baetaeanum Silveira Fl. Serr. Min. : 27 (1908) [wfo-0000581473] homotypic Oxypetalum baetaeanum (Silveira) T.Mey. Dusenia 2: 366 (1951) [wfo-0001104519] homotypic Oxypetalum insigne f. baetaeanum (Silveira) Fontella & E.A.Schwarz Bradea 4: 18 (1983) [wfo-0001104674] synonym Oxypetalum baetaeanum (Silveira) T.Mey. Dusenia 2: 366 (1951) [wfo-0001104519]basionym Calostigma baetaeanum Silveira Fl. Serr. Min. : 27 (1908) [wfo-0000581473] homotypic Oxypetalum baetaeanum (Silveira) Malme Ark. Bot. 21A(3): 31 1927 [wfo-0001104323] homotypic Oxypetalum insigne f. baetaeanum (Silveira) Fontella & E.A.Schwarz Bradea 4: 18 (1983) [wfo-0001104674] synonym Oxypetalum decaisneanum T.Mey. Dusenia 2: 366 (1951) [wfo-0000384984] synonym Oxypetalum insigne f. baetaeanum (Silveira) Fontella & E.A.Schwarz Bradea 4: 18 (1983) [wfo-0001104674]basionym Calostigma baetaeanum Silveira Fl. Serr. Min. : 27 (1908) [wfo-0000581473] homotypic Oxypetalum baetaeanum (Silveira) Malme Ark. Bot. 21A(3): 31 1927 [wfo-0001104323] homotypic Oxypetalum baetaeanum (Silveira) T.Mey. Dusenia 2: 366 (1951) [wfo-0001104519] synonym Oxypetalum insigne var. baetaeanum (Silveira) Fontella & E.A.Schwarz Bradea 4: 17. 1983 [wfo-0001379335] synonym Oxypetalum insigne var. boraceiense Fontella & E.A.Schwarz Atas Soc. Bot. Brasil, Secç. Rio de Janeiro 2(18): 146 (1984) [wfo-0001319509] synonym Oxypetalum laxum Malme Ark. Bot. 28A(5): 8 (1936) [wfo-0000385047] O. jacobinae Decne. Prodr. 8: 584 (1844) [wfo-0000385051]homotypic Gothofreda jacobinae (Decne.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708183] synonym Gothofreda dentata (E.Fourn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708167] synonym Gothofreda jacobinae (Decne.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708183]basionym Oxypetalum jacobinae Decne. Prodr. 8: 584 (1844) [wfo-0000385051] synonym Gothofreda lagoensis (E.Fourn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708185] synonym Oxypetalum dentatum E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 263 (1885) [wfo-0001101965] synonym Oxypetalum lagoense E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 264 (1885) [wfo-0001102291] O. karstenianum Goyder & Rapini Phytotaxa 26: 13 (2011) [wfo-0000748738]basionym Schistogyne decaisneana H.Karst. Fl. Columb. 2: 121 (1866) [wfo-0001102448] synonym Schistogyne decaisneana H.Karst. Fl. Columb. 2: 121 (1866) [wfo-0001102448]homotypic Oxypetalum karstenianum Goyder & Rapini Phytotaxa 26: 13 (2011) [wfo-0000748738] O. kleinii Fontella & Marquete Sendtnera 39: 50 (1987) [wfo-0000385049] O. kuhlmannianum Occhioni Rev. Bot. Appl. Agric. Trop. 19: 207 (1959) [wfo-0001104554] O. laciniatum Rapini & Farinaccio Rodriguésia 61: 18 (2010) [wfo-0000748709] O. lanatum Decne. ex E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 266 (1885) [wfo-0001101974]synonym Gothofreda lanata (Decne. ex E.Fourn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708186] O. lineare Decne. Prodr. 8: 587 (1844) [wfo-0000385053]homotypic Gothofreda linearis (Decne.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708188] synonym Gothofreda linearis (Decne.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708188]basionym Oxypetalum lineare Decne. Prodr. 8: 587 (1844) [wfo-0000385053] O. longipedunculatum (Malme) Goyder & Rapini Phytotaxa 26: 13 (2011) [wfo-0000748739]synonym Schistogyne longipedunculata Malme Ark. Bot. 25A(14): 11 (1934) [wfo-0001104381] O. lutescens E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 278 (1885) [wfo-0000385043]synonym Gothofreda lutescens (E.Fourn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708191] O. macrolepis (Hook. & Arn.) Decne. Prodr. 8: 585 (1844) [wfo-0000385041]basionym Tweedia macrolepis Hook. & Arn. J. Bot. (Hooker) 1: 291 (1835) [wfo-0000411514] homotypic Gothofreda macrolepis (Hook. & Arn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708193] synonym Gothofreda macrolepis (Hook. & Arn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708193]basionym Tweedia macrolepis Hook. & Arn. J. Bot. (Hooker) 1: 291 (1835) [wfo-0000411514] homotypic Oxypetalum macrolepis (Hook. & Arn.) Decne. Prodr. 8: 585 (1844) [wfo-0000385041] synonym Oxypetalum macrolepis var. pilosum Malme Bih. Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. 27(3; 8): 15 (1901) [wfo-0000390723] synonym Tweedia macrolepis Hook. & Arn. J. Bot. (Hooker) 1: 291 (1835) [wfo-0000411514]homotypic Gothofreda macrolepis (Hook. & Arn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708193] homotypic Oxypetalum macrolepis (Hook. & Arn.) Decne. Prodr. 8: 585 (1844) [wfo-0000385041] O. malmei Hoehne Relat. Commiss. Linhas Telegr. Estratég. Matto Grosso Amazonas 38(1, Suppl. 1): 11 (1916) [wfo-0001104004] O. marginatum Malme Bih. Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. 27(3; 8): 25 (1901) [wfo-0000385039] O. marianae H.A.Keller & Funez Bonplandia 26(2): 120 (2017). [wfo-1000057524] O. martii E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 280 (1885) [wfo-0000385038]synonym Gothofreda martii (E.Fourn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708195] O. melinioides Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 446 (2004) [wfo-0001275388]basionym Melinia urbaniana K.Schum. Beibl. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 60: 19 (1898) [wfo-0000368712] synonym Melinia urbaniana K.Schum. Beibl. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 60: 19 (1898) [wfo-0000368712]homotypic Oxypetalum melinioides Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 446 (2004) [wfo-0001275388] O. microphyllum Hook. & Arn. J. Bot. (Hooker) 1: 289 (1835) [wfo-0001102293]synonym Gothofreda microphylla (Hook. & Arn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708196] synonym Gothofreda ultima Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708239]basionym Oxypetalum multicaule E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 284 (1885) [wfo-0001101979] synonym Oxypetalum multicaule E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 284 (1885) [wfo-0001101979]homotypic Gothofreda ultima Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708239] synonym Schizostemma microphyllum (Hook. & Arn.) Decne. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 9: 345 (1838) [wfo-0000431587] O. minarum E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 258 (1885) [wfo-0000385063]homotypic Gothofreda minarum (E.Fourn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708198] synonym Gothofreda minarum (E.Fourn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708198]basionym Oxypetalum minarum E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 258 (1885) [wfo-0000385063] O. molle Hook. & Arn. J. Bot. (Hooker) 1: 289 (1835) [wfo-0000385065]homotypic Gothofreda mollis (Hook. & Arn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708199] synonym Gothofreda mollis (Hook. & Arn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708199]basionym Oxypetalum molle Hook. & Arn. J. Bot. (Hooker) 1: 289 (1835) [wfo-0000385065] synonym Gothofreda nigrescens (E.Fourn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708206] synonym Gothofreda suaveolens (E.Fourn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708235] synonym Oxypetalum campanulatum Hand.-Mazz. Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Wien. Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 79(advance separate): 6 (1910) [wfo-0000384967] synonym Oxypetalum henschenii Malme Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. xxxiv. no. 7, 45. [wfo-0001103236] synonym Oxypetalum hirsutulum K.Schum. Beibl. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 67: 31 (1901) [wfo-0001103308] synonym Oxypetalum nigrescens E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 264 (1885) [wfo-0001102296] synonym Oxypetalum oliganthum Malme Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. xxxiv. no. 7, 46. [wfo-0001103237] synonym Oxypetalum suaveolens E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 264 (1885) [wfo-0001102303] O. montanum Mart. Nov. Gen. Sp. Pl. Bras. 3: 49 (1829) [wfo-0000385070]homotypic Gothofreda montana (Mart.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708202] synonym Gothofreda ligulata (E.Fourn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708187] synonym Gothofreda montana (Mart.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708202]basionym Oxypetalum montanum Mart. Nov. Gen. Sp. Pl. Bras. 3: 49 (1829) [wfo-0000385070] synonym Oxypetalum cipoense Silveira Fl. Serr. Min. : 24 (1908) [wfo-0000384959] synonym Oxypetalum ligulatum E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 258 (1885) [wfo-0001101975] O. mosenii (Malme) Malme Ark. Bot. 21A(3): 30 (1927) [wfo-0001104329]synonym Calostigma mosenii Malme Kongl. Svenska Vetensk. Acad. Handl., n.s., 34(7): 68 (1901) [wfo-0000581484] synonym Schistogyne mosenii (Malme) T.Mey. Lilloa 23: 54 (1950) [wfo-0001104528] O. multiflorum (Malme) Malme Ark. Bot. 21A(3): 30 (1927) [wfo-0001104330]basionym Calostigma multiflorum Malme Kongl. Svenska Vetensk. Acad. Handl., n.s., 34(7): 67 (1901) [wfo-0000581485] homotypic Schistogyne multiflora (Malme) T.Mey. Dusenia 2: 368 (1951) [wfo-0001104529] synonym Calostigma multiflorum Malme Kongl. Svenska Vetensk. Acad. Handl., n.s., 34(7): 67 (1901) [wfo-0000581485]homotypic Oxypetalum multiflorum (Malme) Malme Ark. Bot. 21A(3): 30 (1927) [wfo-0001104330] homotypic Schistogyne multiflora (Malme) T.Mey. Dusenia 2: 368 (1951) [wfo-0001104529] synonym Schistogyne multiflora (Malme) T.Mey. Dusenia 2: 368 (1951) [wfo-0001104529]basionym Calostigma multiflorum Malme Kongl. Svenska Vetensk. Acad. Handl., n.s., 34(7): 67 (1901) [wfo-0000581485] homotypic Oxypetalum multiflorum (Malme) Malme Ark. Bot. 21A(3): 30 (1927) [wfo-0001104330] O. muticum E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 277 (1885) [wfo-0000385068]homotypic Gothofreda mutica (E.Fourn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708205] synonym Gothofreda mutica (E.Fourn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708205]basionym Oxypetalum muticum E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 277 (1885) [wfo-0000385068] synonym Oxypetalum curtiflorum Malme Ark. Bot. 3(8): 13 (1904) [wfo-0001101964] synonym Oxypetalum curtiflorum var. indutum Malme Bull. Herb. Boissier sér. 2, 8: 401. 1908 [wfo-0000738297] O. nanum Malme Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, 8: 398 (1908) [wfo-0001101980]synonym Oxypetalum martii var. nanum (Malme) Fontella & S.A.Cáceres Candollea 65(2): 400. 2010 [9 Dec 2010] [wfo-0001383853] O. nigricans (Decne.) Liede & Meve Phytotaxa 202: 39 (2015) [wfo-0001341872]synonym Cynanchum nigricans Vahl ex Decne. Prodr. 8: 590 (1844) [wfo-0000633388] synonym Rhyssostelma nigricans Decne. Prodr. 8: 590 (1844) [wfo-0001102411] O. nitidum Malme Ark. Bot. 21A(3): 28 (1927) [wfo-0001104331]synonym Oxypetalum insigne var. nitidum (Malme) Fontella & E.A.Schwarz Bradea 8(12): 67 (1997): [wfo-0001411436] O. oblanceolatum Farinaccio & Mello-Silva Novon 16: 236 (2006) [wfo-0000390722] O. ophiuroideum Malme Bih. Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. 27(3; 8): 24 (1901) [wfo-0000385060] O. pachyglossum Decne. Prodr. 8: 585 (1844) [wfo-0000385059]homotypic Gothofreda pachyglossa (Decne.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708210] synonym Apocynum umbellatum Salzm. ex Decne. Prodr. 8: 585 (1844) [wfo-0000245889] synonym Cystostemma glandulosum Silveira Fl. Serr. Min. : 10 (1908) [wfo-0000636302] synonym Gothofreda coriacea (Decne.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 419 (1891) [wfo-0000708162] synonym Gothofreda densiflora (Decne.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708166] synonym Gothofreda luschnathii (E.Fourn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708189] synonym Gothofreda pachyglossa (Decne.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708210]basionym Oxypetalum pachyglossum Decne. Prodr. 8: 585 (1844) [wfo-0000385059] synonym Gothofreda paludosa (Decne.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708214] synonym Gothofreda selloana (E.Fourn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708228] synonym Gothofreda subhirtella (Miq.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708236] synonym Oxypetalum coriaceum Decne. Prodr. 8: 585 (1844) [wfo-0001101962] synonym Oxypetalum densiflorum Decne. Prodr. 8: 584 (1844) [wfo-0001102288] synonym Oxypetalum luschnathii E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 261 (1885) [wfo-0001101976] synonym Oxypetalum paludosum Decne. Prodr. 8: 585 (1844) [wfo-0001102298] synonym Oxypetalum selloanum E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. (Martius) 6(4): 260. 1885 [1 Jun 1885] [wfo-0001345163] synonym Oxypetalum subhirtellum Miq. Linnaea 22: 568 (1849) [wfo-0001102304] synonym Oxypetalum villosum E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 262 (1885) [wfo-0001101993] O. pachygynum Decne. Prodr. 8: 583 (1844) [wfo-0000385058]homotypic Gothofreda pachygyna (Decne.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708211] synonym Gothofreda pachygyna (Decne.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708211]basionym Oxypetalum pachygynum Decne. Prodr. 8: 583 (1844) [wfo-0000385058] synonym Oxypetalum vestitum Malme Bih. Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. 27(3; 8): 18 (1901) [wfo-0000384899] O. pannosum Decne. Prodr. 8: 583 (1844) [wfo-0000385056]homotypic Gothofreda pannosa (Decne.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708215] synonym Gothofreda pannosa (Decne.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708215]basionym Oxypetalum pannosum Decne. Prodr. 8: 583 (1844) [wfo-0000385056] O. pannosum var. macranthum Hoehne Relat. Commiss. Linhas Telegr. Estratég. Matto Grosso Amazonas 38: 90 (1916) [wfo-0001375569] O. pannosum var. pannosum [wfo-0001250027]synonym Oxypetalum arachnanthum Arechav. Anales Mus. Nac. Montevideo 7: 103 (1910) [wfo-0000385010] synonym Oxypetalum pannosum var. pauciflorum E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. (Martius) 6(4): 266. 1885 [1 Jun 1885] [wfo-0001375570] synonym Oxypetalum uruguayense Malme Ark. Bot. 3(8): 7 (1904) [wfo-0000384896] O. pardense E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 277 (1885) [wfo-0000385032]synonym Gothofreda pardensis (E.Fourn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708217] O. parviflorum (Decne.) Decne. Prodr. 8: 587 (1844) [wfo-0001102299]basionym Schizostemma parviflorum Decne. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 9: 345 (1838) [wfo-0001102460] homotypic Gothofreda parviflora (Decne.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708218] synonym Gothofreda parviflora (Decne.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708218]basionym Schizostemma parviflorum Decne. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 9: 345 (1838) [wfo-0001102460] homotypic Oxypetalum parviflorum (Decne.) Decne. Prodr. 8: 587 (1844) [wfo-0001102299] synonym Schizostemma parviflorum Decne. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 9: 345 (1838) [wfo-0001102460]homotypic Gothofreda parviflora (Decne.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708218] homotypic Oxypetalum parviflorum (Decne.) Decne. Prodr. 8: 587 (1844) [wfo-0001102299] O. parviflorum var. kulmannii Hoehne Relat. Commiss. Linhas Telegr. Estratég. Matto Grosso Amazonas 38: 105 (1916) [wfo-0001375571] O. patulum E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 278 (1885) [wfo-0000385022]homotypic Gothofreda patula (E.Fourn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708219] synonym Gothofreda patula (E.Fourn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708219]basionym Oxypetalum patulum E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 278 (1885) [wfo-0000385022] synonym Oxypetalum hirsutum Silveira Fl. Serr. Min. : 27 (1908) [wfo-0000384978] O. pearsonii (Rusby) Goyder & Fontella Kew Bull. 60: 99 (2005) [wfo-0001277299]basionym Gothofreda pearsonii Rusby Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 7: 335 (1927) [wfo-0000708221] synonym Gothofreda pearsonii Rusby Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 7: 335 (1927) [wfo-0000708221]homotypic Oxypetalum pearsonii (Rusby) Goyder & Fontella Kew Bull. 60: 99 (2005) [wfo-0001277299] O. pentasetum (Rusby) Goyder & Rapini Phytotaxa 26: 13 (2011) [wfo-0001043478]synonym Schistogyne mandonii Malme Ark. Bot. 25A(14): 12 (1934) [wfo-0001104382] synonym Schistogyne mandonii var. peruviana Malme Ark. Bot. 25A(14): 13 (1933) [wfo-0001039037] synonym Schistogyne pentaseta Rusby Descr. S. Amer. Pl. : 98 (1920) [wfo-0001104012] O. pilosum Gardner London J. Bot. 1: 539 (1842) [wfo-0000385021]synonym Gothofreda deltodea Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420. 1891 [5 Nov 1891] [wfo-0001417418] synonym Gothofreda deltoidea (E.Fourn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708165] synonym Gothofreda propinqua (Decne.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708225] synonym Oxypetalum deltoideum E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 269 (1885) [wfo-0001102287] synonym Oxypetalum propinquum Decne. Prodr. 8: 582 (1844) [wfo-0000385027] O. polyanthum (Hoehne) Rapini Bol. Bot. Univ. São Paulo 19: 87 (2001) [wfo-0000385028]basionym Oxypetalum strictum subsp. polyanthum Hoehne Relat. Commiss. Linhas Telegr. Estratég. Matto Grosso Amazonas 38: 103 (1916) [wfo-0000390729] synonym Oxypetalum strictum subsp. polyanthum Hoehne Relat. Commiss. Linhas Telegr. Estratég. Matto Grosso Amazonas 38: 103 (1916) [wfo-0000390729]homotypic Oxypetalum polyanthum (Hoehne) Rapini Bol. Bot. Univ. São Paulo 19: 87 (2001) [wfo-0000385028] O. pubescens (Malme) Goyder & Rapini Phytotaxa 26: 13 (2011) [wfo-0000748730]synonym Schistogyne pubescens Malme Ark. Bot. 25A(14): 10 (1934) [wfo-0001104383] O. reflexum Malme Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 6: 347 (1909) [wfo-0000385025] O. regnellii (Malme) Malme Ark. Bot. 21A(3): 30 (1927) [wfo-0001104334]basionym Calostigma regnelii Malme Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. xxxiv. no. 7. 66. [wfo-0000581487] synonym Calostigma regnelii Malme Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. xxxiv. no. 7. 66. [wfo-0000581487]homotypic Oxypetalum regnellii (Malme) Malme Ark. Bot. 21A(3): 30 (1927) [wfo-0001104334] O. reitzii Fontella & Marquete Sendtnera 39: 49 (1987) [wfo-0000384956] O. retusum (Markgr.) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 303 (2004) [wfo-0001274798]basionym Macroscepis retusa Markgr. Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 11: 787 (1933) [wfo-0001101870] homotypic Metoxypetalum retusum (Markgr.) Morillo Ernstia, n.s., 3: 146 (1994) [wfo-0001249885] synonym Macroscepis retusa Markgr. Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 11: 787 (1933) [wfo-0001101870]homotypic Metoxypetalum retusum (Markgr.) Morillo Ernstia, n.s., 3: 146 (1994) [wfo-0001249885] homotypic Oxypetalum retusum (Markgr.) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 303 (2004) [wfo-0001274798] synonym Metoxypetalum retusum (Markgr.) Morillo Ernstia, n.s., 3: 146 (1994) [wfo-0001249885]basionym Macroscepis retusa Markgr. Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 11: 787 (1933) [wfo-0001101870] homotypic Oxypetalum retusum (Markgr.) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 303 (2004) [wfo-0001274798] synonym Metoxypetalum vogelii Morillo Ernstia, n.s., 3: 147 (1994) [wfo-0001246275] O. rojasianum Malme Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, 8: 400 (1908) [wfo-0000384882] O. schottii E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 273 (1885) [wfo-0001101987]synonym Asclepias monantha Vell. Fl. Flumin. 3: 115 (1829) [wfo-0000551540]homotypic Oxypetalum monanthum (Vell.) Decne. Prodr. 8: 584 (1844) [wfo-0001102295] synonym Gothofreda monantha (Vell.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708200] synonym Gothofreda schottii (E.Fourn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708227] synonym Oxypetalum monanthum (Vell.) Decne. Prodr. 8: 584 (1844) [wfo-0001102295]basionym Asclepias monantha Vell. Fl. Flumin. 3: 115 (1829) [wfo-0000551540] synonym Oxypetalum sobralii Occhioni Dusenia 4: 271 (1953) [wfo-0000384869] O. solanoides Hook. & Arn. J. Bot. (Hooker) 1: 289 (1835) [wfo-0001102301]synonym Gothofreda solanodes (Hook. & Arn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420. 1891 [5 Nov 1891] [wfo-0001417420] synonym Gothofreda solanoides (Hook. & Arn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708230] synonym Oxypetalum tenuiflorum Griseb. Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 24: 230 (1879) [wfo-0001102305] synonym Schizostemma longifolium Decne. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 9: 334 (1838) [wfo-0001102459] synonym Schizostemma solanoides (Hook. & Arn.) Decne. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 9: 345 (1838) [wfo-0000431598] synonym Tweedia floribunda Lem. Fl. Serres Jard. Eur. 4: t. 347 (1848) [wfo-0001102651] synonym Tweedia pubescens Lem. Fl. Serres Jard. Eur. 4: t. 347 (1848) [wfo-0000411512] synonym Tweedia rosea Lem. Fl. Serres Jard. Eur. 4: t. 347 (1848) [wfo-0000411515] synonym Tweedia solanoides (Hook. & Arn.) Chitt. Roy. Hort. Soc. Dict. Gard. 4: 2173 (1951) [wfo-0001104542] O. stipatum Malme Kongl. Svenska Vetensk. Acad. Handl., n.s., 34(7): 44 (1900) [wfo-0000384874] O. strictum Mart. Nov. Gen. Sp. Pl. Bras. 1: 50 (1824) [wfo-0000384873]homotypic Gothofreda stricta (Mart.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708233] synonym Gothofreda stricta (Mart.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708233]basionym Oxypetalum strictum Mart. Nov. Gen. Sp. Pl. Bras. 1: 50 (1824) [wfo-0000384873] O. subcapitatum Malme Bih. Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. 27(3; 8): 20 (1901) [wfo-0000384871] O. suboppositum Malme Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, 8: 105 (1908) [wfo-0000384870] O. sylvestre (Hook. & Arn.) Goyder & Rapini Phytotaxa 26: 13 (2011) [wfo-0000748731]basionym Schistogyne sylvestris Hook. & Arn. J. Bot. (Hooker) 1: 292 (1835) [wfo-0001102449] synonym Schistogyne berroi Arechav. Anales Mus. Nac. Montevideo 7: 117 (1910) [wfo-0001103877] synonym Schistogyne sylvestris Hook. & Arn. J. Bot. (Hooker) 1: 292 (1835) [wfo-0001102449]homotypic Oxypetalum sylvestre (Hook. & Arn.) Goyder & Rapini Phytotaxa 26: 13 (2011) [wfo-0000748731] synonym Schistogyne sylvestris var. chacoensis Malme Ark. Bot. 25A(14): 8 (1933) [wfo-0001104798] O. teyucuarense Farinaccio & H.A.Keller Phytotaxa 184: 111 (2014) [wfo-0001340978] O. tomentosum Wight ex Hook. & Arn. J. Bot. (Hooker) 1: 288 (1834) [wfo-0001102306]synonym Gothofreda tomentosa (Wight ex Hook. & Arn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708238] O. tomentosum var. parvifolium (E.Fourn.) Fontella & E.A.Schwarz Bradea 4(3): 17 (1983): [wfo-0001104676]basionym Oxypetalum parvifolium E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 272 (1885) [wfo-0001101982] homotypic Gothofreda fournieriana Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708174] synonym Gothofreda fournieriana Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708174]basionym Oxypetalum parvifolium E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 272 (1885) [wfo-0001101982] homotypic Oxypetalum tomentosum var. parvifolium (E.Fourn.) Fontella & E.A.Schwarz Bradea 4(3): 17 (1983): [wfo-0001104676] synonym Oxypetalum parvifolium E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 272 (1885) [wfo-0001101982]homotypic Gothofreda fournieriana Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708174] homotypic Oxypetalum tomentosum var. parvifolium (E.Fourn.) Fontella & E.A.Schwarz Bradea 4(3): 17 (1983): [wfo-0001104676] O. tomentosum var. tomentosum Unknown [wfo-0001426192]synonym Gothofreda mucronata (E.Fourn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708203] synonym Oxypetalum mucronatum E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 271 (1885) [wfo-0001101978] O. tucumanense (T.Mey.) Goyder & Rapini Phytotaxa 26: 13 (2011) [wfo-0000748736]synonym Schistogyne tucumanensis T.Mey. Lilloa 6: 278 (1941) [wfo-0001104499] O. urceolatum Farinaccio & Goyder Phytotaxa 267: 24 (2016) [wfo-0001346073] O. warmingii (E.Fourn.) Fontella & Marquete Bol. Mus. Bot. Munic. 1: 2 (1971) [wfo-0000384886]basionym Bustelma warmingii E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 288 (1885) [wfo-0000576388] synonym Bustelma warmingii E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 288 (1885) [wfo-0000576388]homotypic Oxypetalum warmingii (E.Fourn.) Fontella & Marquete Bol. Mus. Bot. Munic. 1: 2 (1971) [wfo-0000384886] synonym Oxypetalum bellohorizontinum Silveira Fl. Serr. Min. : 26 (1908) [wfo-0001104324] O. weberbaueri Schltr. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 37: 622 (1906) [wfo-0001103430] O. wightianum Hook. & Arn. J. Bot. (Hooker) 1: 288 (1834) [wfo-0000384895]homotypic Gothofreda wightiana (Hook. & Arn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708241] synonym Gothofreda guilleminiana (Decne.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708178] synonym Gothofreda squamulata (E.Fourn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708231] synonym Gothofreda wightiana (Hook. & Arn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708241]basionym Oxypetalum wightianum Hook. & Arn. J. Bot. (Hooker) 1: 288 (1834) [wfo-0000384895] synonym Oxypetalum guilleminianum Decne. Prodr. 8: 582 (1844) [wfo-0001101972] synonym Oxypetalum squamulatum E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 270 (1885) [wfo-0001102302] Oxypetalum: Unplaced Names
unknown Oxypetalum kalanthum Silveira Fl. Serr. Min. : 25 (1908) [wfo-0000385050] unknown Oxypetalum marchesii C.Ezcurra & A.González Syst. Bot. 43(3): 814. 2018 [wfo-1000006101] unknown Oxypetalum apoloensis (Rusby) Dorr Brittonia 43(4): 220. 1992 [1991 publ. 1992] [wfo-0000385012] unknown Oxypetalum brussae H.A.Keller & Andrés González Darwiniana n.s., 8(1): 319 (2020) [wfo-1000023925] unknown Oxypetalum hederaefolium Arechav. Anales Mus. Nac. Montevideo 7: 105 (1910) [wfo-0001103429] unknown Oxypetalum integrifolium E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. (Martius) 6(4): 279. 1885 [1 Jun 1885] [wfo-0000385052] unknown Oxypetalum intermedium Schltdl. ex Hassl. Pl. Hassl., Add.: 2 (1917) [wfo-0000390726] unknown Oxypetalum kassneri H.A.Keller & Funez Rodriguésia 72(e01692019): 2. 2021 [wfo-1000028262] unknown Oxypetalum moelleri Phil. Anales Univ. Chile 90: 202 (1895) [wfo-0000385064] unknown Oxypetalum pulchrum Decne. Prodr. 8: 584 (1844) [wfo-0000385026] unknown Oxypetalum timbense H.A.Keller Bonplandia (Corrientes) 31(2): 2. 2022 [wfo-1000030767] unknown Oxypetalum venustum H.A.Keller Bonplandia (Corrientes) 29(1): 82 (2020) [wfo-1000023926] unknown Oxypetalum erianthum var. longipedunculatum A.Silveira Comm. Lin. Telegr., Bot. 38:28 1916 [wfo-0001319512] unknown Oxypetalum glabrum var. glaziovii (E.Fourn. ex Mart.) T.Mey. Dusenia 2: 368. 1951 [wfo-0001375567] unknown Oxypetalum glabrum var. glaziovii (E.Fourn.) Hoehne [wfo-0001391851] unknown Oxypetalum glabrum var. macranthum (Hoehne) Dusenia 2: 366. 1951 [wfo-0001375568] unknown Oxypetalum glabrum var. macranthum (Hoehne) T.Mey. [wfo-0001391132] unknown Oxypetalum parviflorum var. kuhlmannii F.C.Hoehne Comm. Lin. Telegr., Bot. 38:105-106 1916 [wfo-0001319507] unknown Oxypetalum uruguayense Arechav. Anales Mus. Nac. Montevideo 7: 101 (1910) [wfo-0000384897] synonym Aphanostelma Malme Ark. Bot. 25 A(7): 10. 1933 [wfo-4100005956] synonym Brachylepis Hook. & Arn. J. Bot. (Hooker) 1: 290–291. 1835. [wfo-4100005957] synonym Fontellaea Morillo Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 52: 35 (1994) [wfo-4000014914] synonym Lugonia Wedd. Chlor. Andina 2: 49–50, t. 54. 1857[1859]. (7 Mar 1859) [wfo-4000022411] synonym Pentagonium Schauer Nov. Actorum Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur. 19(Suppl. 1): 364. 1843. [wfo-4000028585] synonym Steleostemma Schltr. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 37: 603–604. 1906. [wfo-4000036393] synonym Stelmatocodon Schltr. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 37: 617–619. 1906. [wfo-4000036422] P. affinis (Griseb.) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 442 (2004) [wfo-0001275380]basionym Mitostigma affine Griseb. Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 24: 225 (1879) [wfo-0001101935] synonym Mitostigma affine Griseb. Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 24: 225 (1879) [wfo-0001101935]homotypic Philibertia affinis (Griseb.) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 442 (2004) [wfo-0001275380] P. amblystigma Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 439 (2004) [wfo-0001275370]synonym Amblystigma hypoleucum Benth. Hooker's Icon. Pl. 12: 76 (1876) [wfo-0000530730] P. barbata (Malme) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 443 (2004) [wfo-0001275384]basionym Mitostigma barbatum Malme Ark. Bot. 3(1): 10 (1904) [wfo-0001103302] synonym Mitostigma barbatum Malme Ark. Bot. 3(1): 10 (1904) [wfo-0001103302]homotypic Philibertia barbata (Malme) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 443 (2004) [wfo-0001275384] P. bicornuta (Griseb.) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 437 (2004) [wfo-0001275363]basionym Melinia bicornuta Griseb. Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 24: 228 (1879) [wfo-0000368719] homotypic Aphanostelma bicornutum (Griseb.) Malme Ark. Bot. 26A(4): 19. 1934 [wfo-0000340335] synonym Aphanostelma bicornutum (Griseb.) Malme Ark. Bot. 26A(4): 19. 1934 [wfo-0000340335]basionym Melinia bicornuta Griseb. Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 24: 228 (1879) [wfo-0000368719] homotypic Philibertia bicornuta (Griseb.) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 437 (2004) [wfo-0001275363] synonym Aphanostelma bicornutum var. castillonii T.Mey. Gen. Sp. Pl. Argent. 2: 117, tab. 51A. 1944 [wfo-0001374046] synonym Melinia bicornuta Griseb. Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 24: 228 (1879) [wfo-0000368719]homotypic Aphanostelma bicornutum (Griseb.) Malme Ark. Bot. 26A(4): 19. 1934 [wfo-0000340335] homotypic Philibertia bicornuta (Griseb.) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 437 (2004) [wfo-0001275363] P. boliviana (Baill.) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 438 (2004) [wfo-0001275357]basionym Podandra boliviana Baill. Hist. Pl. 10: 265 (1890) [wfo-0001102001] synonym Amblystigma pilosum Malme Ark. Bot. 3, 1: 18 tab. 1, fig. 1. 1904 [wfo-0000530732]homotypic Podandra pilosa (Malme) Morillo Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 52: 38 (1994) [wfo-0001250271] synonym Amblystigma pilosum var. catamarcense T.Mey. Lilloa 8: 387, fig. 2. 1943 as catamarcence [wfo-0001370988] synonym Amblystigma pilosum var. laticaudatum T.Mey. Gen. Sp. Pl. Argent. 2: 51, tab. 17. 1944 [wfo-0001370989] synonym Amblystigma pilosum var. laticaudiculatum T.Mey. Gen. Sp. Pl. Argent. 2: 51–52, t. 17 1944 [wfo-0001104799] synonym Amblystigma pulchellum (Schltr.) T.Mey. Lilloa 8: 390 (1942) [wfo-0000530733]basionym Steleostemma pulchellum Schltr. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 37: 604 (1906) [wfo-0001102058] synonym Podandra boliviana Baill. Hist. Pl. 10: 265 (1890) [wfo-0001102001]homotypic Philibertia boliviana (Baill.) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 438 (2004) [wfo-0001275357] synonym Podandra pilosa (Malme) Morillo Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 52: 38 (1994) [wfo-0001250271]basionym Amblystigma pilosum Malme Ark. Bot. 3, 1: 18 tab. 1, fig. 1. 1904 [wfo-0000530732] synonym Steleostemma pulchellum Schltr. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 37: 604 (1906) [wfo-0001102058]homotypic Amblystigma pulchellum (Schltr.) T.Mey. Lilloa 8: 390 (1942) [wfo-0000530733] P. boliviensis (Schltr.) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 442 (2004) [wfo-0001275376]basionym Mitostigma boliviense Schltr. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 37: 601 (1906) [wfo-0001101936] synonym Mitostigma boliviense Schltr. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 37: 601 (1906) [wfo-0001101936]homotypic Philibertia boliviensis (Schltr.) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 442 (2004) [wfo-0001275376] P. campanulata (Lindl.) G.Nicholson Ill. Dict. Gard. 3: 96 (1886) [wfo-0001102866]basionym Sarcostemma campanulatum Lindl. Edwards's Bot. Reg. 32: t. 36 (1846) [wfo-0001102422] synonym Philibertia hypoleuca Schltr. Oesterr. Bot. Z. 45: 450 (1895) [wfo-0001101998] synonym Philibertia macrantha Lillo ex Malme Ark. Bot. 26A(4): 33, in obs., pro syn. 1934 [wfo-0001104376] synonym Philibertia splendens Lillo Physis (Buenos Aires) 4: 429 (1919) [wfo-0001104270] synonym Sarcostemma campanulatum Lindl. Edwards's Bot. Reg. 32: t. 36 (1846) [wfo-0001102422]homotypic Philibertia campanulata (Lindl.) G.Nicholson Ill. Dict. Gard. 3: 96 (1886) [wfo-0001102866] P. candolleana (Hook. & Arn.) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 436 (2004) [wfo-0001275361]synonym Aphanostelma candolleanum (Hook. & Arn.) Malme Ark. Bot. 25A(7): 11, in obs. 1933 [wfo-0000340336]basionym Brachylepis candolleana Hook. & Arn. J. Bot. (Hooker) 1: 291. 1834 [wfo-0000570299] synonym Astephanus cordifolius Phil. Anales Univ. Chile 21: 399 (1862) [wfo-0000552541]homotypic Mitostigma cordifolium (Phil.) E.Fourn. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 6, 14: 365 1882 [wfo-0001101938] synonym Astephanus fruticulosus Speg. Contr. Fl. Sierra Vent. : 41 (1896) [wfo-0000552551] synonym Brachylepis candolleana Hook. & Arn. J. Bot. (Hooker) 1: 291. 1834 [wfo-0000570299]homotypic Aphanostelma candolleanum (Hook. & Arn.) Malme Ark. Bot. 25A(7): 11, in obs. 1933 [wfo-0000340336] synonym Cynanchum candolleanum Gillies ex Hook. & Arn. J. Bot. (Hooker) 1: 291 (1835) [wfo-0000632899] synonym Melinia candolleana (Hook. & Arn.) Decne. Prodr. 8: 589 (1844) [wfo-0001101899] synonym Mitostigma cordifolium (Phil.) E.Fourn. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 6, 14: 365 1882 [wfo-0001101938]basionym Astephanus cordifolius Phil. Anales Univ. Chile 21: 399 (1862) [wfo-0000552541] P. castillonii (Lillo ex T.Mey.) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 445 (2004) [wfo-0001275387]synonym Amblystigma castillonii Lillo Physis (Buenos Aires) 4: 411 (1919) [wfo-0000530727] synonym Amblystigma castillonii Lillo ex T.Mey. Lilloa 6: 281. 1941 [wfo-0000530728] synonym Mitostigma castillonii (Lillo) T.Mey. Gen. Sp. Pl. Argent. 2: 45 (1944) [wfo-0001104478] P. cionophora (Griseb.) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 438 (2004) [wfo-0001275369]basionym Mitostigma cionophorum Griseb. Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 24: 226 (1879) [wfo-0001101937] homotypic Podandra cionophora (Griseb.) Morillo Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 52: 38 (1994) [wfo-0001250269] synonym Amblystigma cianophorum (Griseb.) E.Fourn. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. sér. 6, 14: 366. 1882 [wfo-0001350246] synonym Amblystigma cionophorum (Griseb.) E.Fourn. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 6, 14: 366 (1882) [wfo-0000530729] synonym Mitostigma cionophorum Griseb. Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 24: 226 (1879) [wfo-0001101937]homotypic Philibertia cionophora (Griseb.) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 438 (2004) [wfo-0001275369] homotypic Podandra cionophora (Griseb.) Morillo Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 52: 38 (1994) [wfo-0001250269] synonym Podandra cionophora (Griseb.) Morillo Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 52: 38 (1994) [wfo-0001250269]basionym Mitostigma cionophorum Griseb. Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 24: 226 (1879) [wfo-0001101937] homotypic Philibertia cionophora (Griseb.) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 438 (2004) [wfo-0001275369] P. coalita (Lillo) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 445 (2004) [wfo-0001275386]basionym Mitostigma coalitum Lillo Physis (Buenos Aires) 4: 411 (1919) [wfo-0001104263] synonym Mitostigma caudatum Malme Ark. Bot. 26A(4): 6 (1934) [wfo-0001104364] synonym Mitostigma coalitum Lillo Physis (Buenos Aires) 4: 411 (1919) [wfo-0001104263]homotypic Philibertia coalita (Lillo) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 445 (2004) [wfo-0001275386] synonym Mitostigma lilloi T.Mey. Lilloa 6: 340 (1941) [wfo-0001104479] P. discolor (Schltr.) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 437 (2004) [wfo-0001275364]basionym Melinia discolor Schltr. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 37: 615 (1906) [wfo-0001101901] synonym Melinia discolor Schltr. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 37: 615 (1906) [wfo-0001101901]homotypic Philibertia discolor (Schltr.) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 437 (2004) [wfo-0001275364] P. escoipensis H.A.Keller Darwiniana n.s., 11(1): 362. 2023 [wfo-1000057805] P. fiebrigii (Schltr.) Liede Novon 7: 44 (1997) [wfo-0001237239]basionym Stelmatocodon fiebrigii Schltr. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 37: 618 (1906) [wfo-0001102029] synonym Stelmatocodon fiebrigii Schltr. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 37: 618 (1906) [wfo-0001102029]homotypic Philibertia fiebrigii (Schltr.) Liede Novon 7: 44 (1997) [wfo-0001237239] P. fontellae Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 433 (2004) [wfo-0001275356]synonym Fontellaea boliviana Morillo Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 52: 36 (1994) [wfo-0000691526] P. gilliesii Hook. & Arn. J. Bot. (Hooker) 1: 290 (1835) [wfo-0001102369]homotypic Oxystelma gilliesii (Hook. & Arn.) K.Schum. Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4(2): 229 (1895) [wfo-0001248163] homotypic Sarcostemma gilliesii Decne. Prodr. 8: 542 (1844) [wfo-0001219932] synonym Amblystigma pedunculare Benth. Hooker's Icon. Pl. 12: 77 (1876) [wfo-0000530731]homotypic Philibertia peduncularis (Benth.) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 433 (2004) [wfo-0001275355] synonym Oxystelma gilliesii (Hook. & Arn.) K.Schum. Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4(2): 229 (1895) [wfo-0001248163]basionym Philibertia gilliesii Hook. & Arn. J. Bot. (Hooker) 1: 290 (1835) [wfo-0001102369] homotypic Sarcostemma gilliesii Decne. Prodr. 8: 542 (1844) [wfo-0001219932] synonym Oxystelma violacea (Phil.) K.Schum. Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4(2): 229 (1895) [wfo-0001101994]basionym Zosima violacea Phil. Sert. Mendoc. Alt. 29 (1871). [wfo-0001102744] homotypic Philibertia violacea (Phil.) Schltr. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 283 (1914) [wfo-0001103945] synonym Philibertia canescens Decne. Voy. Venus, Bot. [Atl.] 1: t. 9 (1855) [wfo-0000392357] synonym Philibertia gilliesii var. albida Stuck. ex Seckt Revista Univ. Nac. Cordoba 17(5-6): 70. 1930 [wfo-0001276608] synonym Philibertia gilliesii var. gracilis (D.Don) T.Mey. Lilloa 9: 449 (1943) [wfo-0001104791]basionym Philibertia gracilis D.Don Brit. Fl. Gard. 7: t. 403 (1837) [wfo-0001102370] synonym Philibertia gilliesii var. grandiflora (Hook.) T.Mey. Lilloa 9: 452 (1943) [wfo-0001104795]basionym Philibertia grandiflora Hook. Bot. Mag. 64: t. 3618 (1837) [wfo-0001102371] homotypic Sarcostemma grandiflorum (Hook.) Decne. Prodr. 8: 541 (1844) [wfo-0001102429] synonym Philibertia gilliesii var. mirabilis T.Mey. Gen. Sp. Pl. Argent. 2: 173 (1944) [wfo-0001104802] synonym Philibertia gilliesii var. parvicoronata T.Mey. Lilloa 9: 453 (1943) [wfo-0001104796] synonym Philibertia gilliesii var. pubescens Speg. Anales Soc. Ci. Argent. 53: 72 (1902) [wfo-0001104792] synonym Philibertia gilliesii var. vestita Malme Ark. Bot. 26A(4): 36 (1934) [wfo-0001104783] synonym Philibertia gracilis D.Don Brit. Fl. Gard. 7: t. 403 (1837) [wfo-0001102370]homotypic Philibertia gilliesii var. gracilis (D.Don) T.Mey. Lilloa 9: 449 (1943) [wfo-0001104791] synonym Philibertia grandiflora Hook. Bot. Mag. 64: t. 3618 (1837) [wfo-0001102371]homotypic Philibertia gilliesii var. grandiflora (Hook.) T.Mey. Lilloa 9: 452 (1943) [wfo-0001104795] homotypic Sarcostemma grandiflorum (Hook.) Decne. Prodr. 8: 541 (1844) [wfo-0001102429] synonym Philibertia grandiflora f. albida Malme Ark. Bot. 26A(4): 34 (1934) [wfo-0001104797] synonym Philibertia incana Decne. Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 8: 542. 1844 [mid Mar 1844] [wfo-0001102372] synonym Philibertia peduncularis (Benth.) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 433 (2004) [wfo-0001275355]basionym Amblystigma pedunculare Benth. Hooker's Icon. Pl. 12: 77 (1876) [wfo-0000530731] synonym Philibertia schreiteri T.Mey. Lilloa 9: 436 (1943) [wfo-0001104489] synonym Philibertia violacea (Phil.) Schltr. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 283 (1914) [wfo-0001103945]basionym Zosima violacea Phil. Sert. Mendoc. Alt. 29 (1871). [wfo-0001102744] homotypic Oxystelma violacea (Phil.) K.Schum. Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4(2): 229 (1895) [wfo-0001101994] synonym Sarcostemma donianum Decne. Prodr. 8: 542 (1844) [wfo-0001102425] synonym Sarcostemma grandiflorum (Hook.) Decne. Prodr. 8: 541 (1844) [wfo-0001102429]basionym Philibertia grandiflora Hook. Bot. Mag. 64: t. 3618 (1837) [wfo-0001102371] homotypic Philibertia gilliesii var. grandiflora (Hook.) T.Mey. Lilloa 9: 452 (1943) [wfo-0001104795] synonym Sarcostemma incanum Decne. Prodr. 8: 542 (1844) [wfo-0001102018] synonym Zosima violacea Phil. Sert. Mendoc. Alt. 29 (1871). [wfo-0001102744]homotypic Oxystelma violacea (Phil.) K.Schum. Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4(2): 229 (1895) [wfo-0001101994] homotypic Philibertia violacea (Phil.) Schltr. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 283 (1914) [wfo-0001103945] P. latiflora (Griseb.) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 440 (2004) [wfo-0001275374]basionym Mitostigma latiflorum Griseb. Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 24: 226 (1879) [wfo-0001102243] synonym Mitostigma latiflorum Griseb. Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 24: 226 (1879) [wfo-0001102243]homotypic Philibertia latiflora (Griseb.) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 440 (2004) [wfo-0001275374] P. longistyla Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 442 (2004) [wfo-0001275375]synonym Mitostigma grandiflorum Schltr. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 37: 603 (1906) [wfo-0001101939] P. lysimachioides (Wedd.) T.Mey. Gen. Sp. Pl. Argent. 2: 177 (1944) [wfo-0001104488]basionym Lugonia lysimachioides Wedd. Chlor. Andina 2: 50 (1859) [wfo-0001104765] homotypic Sarcostemma lysimachioides (Wedd.) R.Holm Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 37: 547 (1950) [wfo-0001104495] synonym Lugonia lysimachioides Wedd. Chlor. Andina 2: 50 (1859) [wfo-0001104765]homotypic Philibertia lysimachioides (Wedd.) T.Mey. Gen. Sp. Pl. Argent. 2: 177 (1944) [wfo-0001104488] homotypic Sarcostemma lysimachioides (Wedd.) R.Holm Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 37: 547 (1950) [wfo-0001104495] synonym Sarcostemma lysimachioides (Wedd.) R.Holm Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 37: 547 (1950) [wfo-0001104495]basionym Lugonia lysimachioides Wedd. Chlor. Andina 2: 50 (1859) [wfo-0001104765] homotypic Philibertia lysimachioides (Wedd.) T.Mey. Gen. Sp. Pl. Argent. 2: 177 (1944) [wfo-0001104488] P. micrantha (Malme) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 437 (2004) [wfo-0001275367]basionym Lugonia micrantha Malme ex R.E.Fr. Nova Acta Regiae Soc. Sci. Upsal. ser. 4, 1(1): 115. 1905 [wfo-0001103291] homotypic Melinia micrantha (Malme ex R.E.Fr.) Krapov. & S.Cáceres Darwiniana 30(1–4): 279. 1991 [1990 publ. 1991] [wfo-0001250057] synonym Aphanostelma micranthum (Malme) T.Mey. Gen. Sp. Pl. Argent. 2: 114 (1944) [wfo-0000340339] synonym Lugonia micrantha Malme ex R.E.Fr. Nova Acta Regiae Soc. Sci. Upsal. ser. 4, 1(1): 115. 1905 [wfo-0001103291]homotypic Melinia micrantha (Malme ex R.E.Fr.) Krapov. & S.Cáceres Darwiniana 30(1–4): 279. 1991 [1990 publ. 1991] [wfo-0001250057] homotypic Philibertia micrantha (Malme) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 437 (2004) [wfo-0001275367] synonym Melinia micrantha (Malme ex R.E.Fr.) Krapov. & S.Cáceres Darwiniana 30(1–4): 279. 1991 [1990 publ. 1991] [wfo-0001250057]basionym Lugonia micrantha Malme ex R.E.Fr. Nova Acta Regiae Soc. Sci. Upsal. ser. 4, 1(1): 115. 1905 [wfo-0001103291] homotypic Philibertia micrantha (Malme) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 437 (2004) [wfo-0001275367] P. mitophora (Griseb.) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 442 (2004) [wfo-0001275377]basionym Astephanus mitophorus Griseb. Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 19: 205 (1874) [wfo-0000552566] homotypic Mitostigma mitophorus (Griseb.) T.Mey. Lilloa 13: 24 (1947) [wfo-0001104480] synonym Astephanus mitophorus Griseb. Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 19: 205 (1874) [wfo-0000552566]homotypic Mitostigma mitophorus (Griseb.) T.Mey. Lilloa 13: 24 (1947) [wfo-0001104480] homotypic Philibertia mitophora (Griseb.) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 442 (2004) [wfo-0001275377] synonym Mitostigma mitophorus (Griseb.) T.Mey. Lilloa 13: 24 (1947) [wfo-0001104480]basionym Astephanus mitophorus Griseb. Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 19: 205 (1874) [wfo-0000552566] homotypic Philibertia mitophora (Griseb.) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 442 (2004) [wfo-0001275377] synonym Mitostigma rhynchophorum Griseb. Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 24: 226 (1879) [wfo-0000368608] P. multiflora (T.Mey.) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 439 (2004) [wfo-0001275371]basionym Astephanus multiflorus T.Mey. Gen. Sp. Pl. Argent. 2: 22 (1944) [wfo-0000552568] synonym Astephanus multiflorus T.Mey. Gen. Sp. Pl. Argent. 2: 22 (1944) [wfo-0000552568]homotypic Philibertia multiflora (T.Mey.) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 439 (2004) [wfo-0001275371] P. navarroana H.A.Keller, Liede & Balderrama Phyton (Horn) 59(1-2): 36. 2019 [wfo-1000033805] P. nivea (Griseb.) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 445 (2004) [wfo-0001275385]basionym Oxypetalum niveum Griseb. Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 19: 206 (1874) [wfo-0001102297] homotypic Mitostigma niveum (Griseb.) Griseb. Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 24: 226 (1879) [wfo-0001101941] synonym Mitostigma niveum (Griseb.) Griseb. Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 24: 226 (1879) [wfo-0001101941]basionym Oxypetalum niveum Griseb. Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 19: 206 (1874) [wfo-0001102297] homotypic Philibertia nivea (Griseb.) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 445 (2004) [wfo-0001275385] synonym Oxypetalum niveum Griseb. Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 19: 206 (1874) [wfo-0001102297]homotypic Mitostigma niveum (Griseb.) Griseb. Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 24: 226 (1879) [wfo-0001101941] homotypic Philibertia nivea (Griseb.) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 445 (2004) [wfo-0001275385] P. parviflora (Malme) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 436 (2004) [wfo-0001275359]basionym Mitostigma parviflorum Malme Ark. Bot. 3(1): 15 (-16), tab. 1, fig. 7. 1904 [wfo-0001103303] homotypic Melinia parviflora (Malme) Krapov. & S.Cáceres Darwiniana 30(1–4): 279. 1991 [1990 publ. 1991] [wfo-0001250058] synonym Aphanostelma parviflorum (Malme) Malme Ark. Bot. 25A(7): 11 (1933) [wfo-0000340340] synonym Melinia campanulata Schltr. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 37: 615 (1906) [wfo-0001101898] synonym Melinia parviflora (Malme) Krapov. & S.Cáceres Darwiniana 30(1–4): 279. 1991 [1990 publ. 1991] [wfo-0001250058]basionym Mitostigma parviflorum Malme Ark. Bot. 3(1): 15 (-16), tab. 1, fig. 7. 1904 [wfo-0001103303] homotypic Philibertia parviflora (Malme) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 436 (2004) [wfo-0001275359] synonym Mitostigma parviflorum Malme Ark. Bot. 3(1): 15 (-16), tab. 1, fig. 7. 1904 [wfo-0001103303]homotypic Melinia parviflora (Malme) Krapov. & S.Cáceres Darwiniana 30(1–4): 279. 1991 [1990 publ. 1991] [wfo-0001250058] homotypic Philibertia parviflora (Malme) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 436 (2004) [wfo-0001275359] synonym Philibertia parviflora var. brevituba Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 436 (2004) [wfo-0001275360] P. peruviana (Schltr.) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 437 (2004) [wfo-0001275362]synonym Melinia peruviana Schltr. Beibl. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 119: 2 (1916) [wfo-0001101904] P. picta Schltr. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 37: 606 (1906) [wfo-0001103463]synonym Oxystelma vailiae Rusby Bull. New York Bot. Gard. iv. 315 (1907). [wfo-0001219881]homotypic Philibertia vaileae (Rusby) Liede Syst. Bot. 21: 43 (1996) [wfo-0001250072] synonym Philibertia albiflora Lillo Physis (Buenos Aires) iv. 429 (1919). [wfo-0001104268] synonym Philibertia vaileae (Rusby) Liede Syst. Bot. 21: 43 (1996) [wfo-0001250072]basionym Oxystelma vailiae Rusby Bull. New York Bot. Gard. iv. 315 (1907). [wfo-0001219881] synonym Sarcostemma vaileae (Rusby) R.Holm Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 37: 543 (1950) [wfo-0000431712] synonym Sarcostemma vailiae (Rusby) R.W.Holm [wfo-0001104498]basionym Oxystelma vailiae Rusby Bull. New York Bot. Gard. iv. 315 (1907). [wfo-0001219881] homotypic Philibertia vaileae (Rusby) Liede Syst. Bot. 21: 43 (1996) [wfo-0001250072] P. solanoides Kunth Nov. Gen. Sp. 3: 196 (1819) [wfo-0001102000]homotypic Oxystelma solanoides (Kunth) K.Schum. Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4(2): 229 (1895) [wfo-0001104764] homotypic Sarcostemma solanoides (Kunth) Decne. Prodr. 8: 541 (1844) [wfo-0001102440] synonym Blepharodon rahmeri Phil. Anales Mus. Nac., Santiago de Chile (1891) 52. [wfo-0000566847]homotypic Philibertia rahmeri (Phil.) Malme Ark. Bot. 26A(4): 41 (1934) [wfo-0001104163] synonym Funastrum weberbaueri Schltr. [wfo-0001101859]basionym Philibertia weberbaueri Schltr. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 37: 607 (1906) [wfo-0001103466] synonym Oxystelma solanoides (Kunth) K.Schum. Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4(2): 229 (1895) [wfo-0001104764]basionym Philibertia solanoides Kunth Nov. Gen. Sp. 3: 196 (1819) [wfo-0001102000] homotypic Sarcostemma solanoides (Kunth) Decne. Prodr. 8: 541 (1844) [wfo-0001102440] synonym Philibertia hastata (Decne.) Schltr. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 282 (1914) [wfo-0001101997]basionym Sarcostemma hastatum Decne. Prodr. 8: 541 (1844) [wfo-0001102017] synonym Philibertia marsupiflora (Decne.) Schltr. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 282 (1914) [wfo-0001103943]basionym Sarcostemma marsupiflorum Decne. Prodr. 8: 541 (1844) [wfo-0001102433] synonym Philibertia obtusata Malme Ark. Bot. 26A(4): 41 (1934) [wfo-0001104377] synonym Philibertia obtusiuscula Malme Ark. Bot. 25A, no. 7: 16, tab. 2; fig. 10. 1932 [wfo-0001104378] synonym Philibertia quadriflora (Decne.) Schltr. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 282 (1914) [wfo-0001101999]basionym Sarcostemma quadriflorum Decne. Prodr. 8: 542 (1844) [wfo-0001102438] synonym Philibertia rahmeri (Phil.) Malme Ark. Bot. 26A(4): 41 (1934) [wfo-0001104163]basionym Blepharodon rahmeri Phil. Anales Mus. Nac., Santiago de Chile (1891) 52. [wfo-0000566847] synonym Philibertia variifolia (Decne.) Schltr. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 283 (1914) [wfo-0001103944]basionym Sarcostemma variifolium Decne. Prodr. 8: 541 (1844) [wfo-0001102022] synonym Philibertia weberbaueri Schltr. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 37: 607 (1906) [wfo-0001103466] synonym Sarcostemma gilliesii Decne. Prodr. 8: 542 (1844) [wfo-0001219932]basionym Philibertia gilliesii Hook. & Arn. J. Bot. (Hooker) 1: 290 (1835) [wfo-0001102369] homotypic Oxystelma gilliesii (Hook. & Arn.) K.Schum. Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4(2): 229 (1895) [wfo-0001248163] synonym Sarcostemma hastatum Decne. Prodr. 8: 541 (1844) [wfo-0001102017]homotypic Philibertia hastata (Decne.) Schltr. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 282 (1914) [wfo-0001101997] synonym Sarcostemma marsupiflorum Decne. Prodr. 8: 541 (1844) [wfo-0001102433]homotypic Philibertia marsupiflora (Decne.) Schltr. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 282 (1914) [wfo-0001103943] synonym Sarcostemma quadriflorum Decne. Prodr. 8: 542 (1844) [wfo-0001102438]homotypic Philibertia quadriflora (Decne.) Schltr. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 282 (1914) [wfo-0001101999] synonym Sarcostemma solanoides (Kunth) Decne. Prodr. 8: 541 (1844) [wfo-0001102440]basionym Philibertia solanoides Kunth Nov. Gen. Sp. 3: 196 (1819) [wfo-0001102000] homotypic Oxystelma solanoides (Kunth) K.Schum. Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4(2): 229 (1895) [wfo-0001104764] synonym Sarcostemma variifolium Decne. Prodr. 8: 541 (1844) [wfo-0001102022]homotypic Philibertia variifolia (Decne.) Schltr. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 283 (1914) [wfo-0001103944] P. speciosa (Malme) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 440 (2004) [wfo-0001275373]basionym Mitostigma speciosum Malme Ark. Bot. 3(1): 13 (1904) [wfo-0001103304] synonym Mitostigma herzogii Schltr. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 441 (1914) [wfo-0001101940] synonym Mitostigma speciosum Malme Ark. Bot. 3(1): 13 (1904) [wfo-0001103304]homotypic Philibertia speciosa (Malme) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 440 (2004) [wfo-0001275373] P. stipitata Lillo Physis (Buenos Aires) 4: 429 (1919) [wfo-0001104271]homotypic Sarcostemma stipitatum (Lillo) R.Holm Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 37: 546 (1950) [wfo-0001104496] synonym Sarcostemma stipitatum (Lillo) R.Holm Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 37: 546 (1950) [wfo-0001104496]basionym Philibertia stipitata Lillo Physis (Buenos Aires) 4: 429 (1919) [wfo-0001104271] P. suberecta Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 443 (2004) [wfo-0001275382]synonym Mitostigma fiebrigii Schltr. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 37: 602 (1906) [wfo-0001103425] P. subnivea (Malme) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 443 (2004) [wfo-0001275381]basionym Mitostigma subniveum Malme Ark. Bot. 3(1): 9 (1904) [wfo-0001103305] synonym Mitostigma subniveum Malme Ark. Bot. 3(1): 9 (1904) [wfo-0001103305]homotypic Philibertia subnivea (Malme) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 443 (2004) [wfo-0001275381] P. tomentosa (Decne.) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 442 (2004) [wfo-0001275379]basionym Mitostigma tomentosum Decne. Prodr. 8: 507 (1844) [wfo-0001102244] synonym Mitostigma tomentosum Decne. Prodr. 8: 507 (1844) [wfo-0001102244]homotypic Philibertia tomentosa (Decne.) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 442 (2004) [wfo-0001275379] P. tubata (Malme) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 438 (2004) [wfo-0001275368]basionym Mitostigma tubatum Malme Ark. Bot. 3(1): 14 (-15), tab. 1, fig. 4. 1904 [wfo-0001103306] homotypic Melinia tubata (Malme) Krapov. & S.Cáceres Darwiniana 30(1–4): 279. 1991 [1990 publ. 1991] [wfo-0001250059] synonym Aphanostelma tubatum (Malme) Malme Ark. Bot. 25A(7): 11 (1933) [wfo-0000340341] synonym Melinia tubata (Malme) Krapov. & S.Cáceres Darwiniana 30(1–4): 279. 1991 [1990 publ. 1991] [wfo-0001250059]basionym Mitostigma tubatum Malme Ark. Bot. 3(1): 14 (-15), tab. 1, fig. 4. 1904 [wfo-0001103306] homotypic Philibertia tubata (Malme) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 438 (2004) [wfo-0001275368] synonym Mitostigma tubatum Malme Ark. Bot. 3(1): 14 (-15), tab. 1, fig. 4. 1904 [wfo-0001103306]homotypic Melinia tubata (Malme) Krapov. & S.Cáceres Darwiniana 30(1–4): 279. 1991 [1990 publ. 1991] [wfo-0001250059] homotypic Philibertia tubata (Malme) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 438 (2004) [wfo-0001275368] P. tucumanensis (T.Mey.) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 442 (2004) [wfo-0001275378]basionym Mitostigma tucumanense T.Mey. Lilloa 8: 22 (1942) [wfo-0001104481] synonym Mitostigma tucumanense T.Mey. Lilloa 8: 22 (1942) [wfo-0001104481]homotypic Philibertia tucumanensis (T.Mey.) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 442 (2004) [wfo-0001275378] P. volcanensis (T.Mey.) Goyder Kew Bull. 59: 437 (2004) [wfo-0001275366]synonym Aphanostelma volcanense T.Mey. Gen. Sp. Pl. Argent. 2: 113 (1944) [wfo-0000340342] synonym Melinia volcanense Krapov. & S.Cáceres Darwiniana 30(1–4): 279. 1991 [1990 publ. 1991] [wfo-0001250060] P. woodii H.A.Keller & Goyder Darwiniana n.s., 9(2): 294 (2021) [wfo-1000028375] Schistonema Schltr. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 37: 604 (1906) [wfo-4000034377]S. weberbaueri Schltr. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 37: 604 (1906) [wfo-0001102023] T. andina (Phil.) G.H.Rua Parodiana 5: 406 (1989) [wfo-0000411521]basionym Oxypetalum andinum Phil. Anales Univ. Chile 110: 204 (1895) [wfo-0000385011] synonym Oxypetalum andinum Phil. Anales Univ. Chile 110: 204 (1895) [wfo-0000385011]homotypic Tweedia andina (Phil.) G.H.Rua Parodiana 5: 406 (1989) [wfo-0000411521] T. birostrata (Hook. & Arn.) Hook. & Arn. J. Bot. (Hooker) 1: 291 (1835) [wfo-0001102648]synonym Cynanchum birostratum Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beechey Voy. : 35 (1830) [wfo-0000632855] synonym Cynanchum cheiranthoides Dombey ex Decne. Prodr. 8: 587 (1844) [wfo-0000632923] synonym Gonolobus obliquifolius Colla Mem. Reale Accad. Sci. Torino 38: 123 (1835) [wfo-0000706957] synonym Gonolobus voquicilla Colla Mem. Reale Accad. Sci. Torino 38: 124 (1835) [wfo-0000707081] synonym Gothofreda birostrata (Hook. & Arn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708150] synonym Gothofreda brevipes (Phil.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708151] synonym Gothofreda confertiflora (Decne.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708159] synonym Gothofreda obliquifolia (Colla) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 420 (1891) [wfo-0000708208] synonym Oxypetalum angustifolium Phil. Anales Univ. Chile 110: 202 (1895) [wfo-0001102858] synonym Oxypetalum brevipes Phil. Linnaea 33: 177 (1864) [wfo-0001101958]homotypic Tweedia brevipes (Phil.) Malme Ark. Bot. 2(7): 8 (1904) [wfo-0001103367] synonym Oxypetalum confertiflorum Decne. Prodr. 8: 588 (1844) [wfo-0001102286]homotypic Tweedia confertiflora (Decne.) Malme Ark. Bot. 2(7): 6 (1904) [wfo-0001103368] synonym Oxypetalum hookeri Decne. Prodr. 8: 587 (1844) [wfo-0000384977] synonym Oxypetalum saxatile Decne. Prodr. 8: 588 (1844) [wfo-0000384880] synonym Turrigera lessonii K.Schum. Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4(2): 227 (1895) [wfo-0000411518] synonym Tweedia brevipes (Phil.) Malme Ark. Bot. 2(7): 8 (1904) [wfo-0001103367]basionym Oxypetalum brevipes Phil. Linnaea 33: 177 (1864) [wfo-0001101958] synonym Tweedia confertiflora (Decne.) Malme Ark. Bot. 2(7): 6 (1904) [wfo-0001103368]basionym Oxypetalum confertiflorum Decne. Prodr. 8: 588 (1844) [wfo-0001102286] synonym Tweedia hookeri Malme Ark. Bot. 2(7): 13 (1904) [wfo-0001103369] synonym Tweedia obliquifolia (Colla) Malme Ark. Bot. 2(7): 9 (1904) [wfo-0001103370] T. brunonis Hook. & Arn. J. Bot. (Hooker) 1: 292 (1835) [wfo-0001102649]homotypic Oxypetalum brunonis (Hook. & Arn.) Decne. Prodr. 8: 587 (1844) [wfo-0001102283] synonym Cynanchum brunonis Gillies ex Hook. J. Bot. (Hooker) 1: 292 (1835) [wfo-0000632886] synonym Oxypetalum brunonis (Hook. & Arn.) Decne. Prodr. 8: 587 (1844) [wfo-0001102283]basionym Tweedia brunonis Hook. & Arn. J. Bot. (Hooker) 1: 292 (1835) [wfo-0001102649] synonym Turrigera halophila Griseb. Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 24: 232 (1879) [wfo-0001102647] synonym Turrigera inconspicua Decne. Prodr. 8: 590 (1844) [wfo-0001102038] T. echegarayi (Hieron.) Malme Ark. Bot. 2(7): 11 (1904) [wfo-0001102039]basionym Oxypetalum echegarayi Hieron. Bol. Acad. Nac. Ci. Republ. Argent. 4: 54 (1881) [wfo-0001102289] synonym Oxypetalum echegarayi Hieron. Bol. Acad. Nac. Ci. Republ. Argent. 4: 54 (1881) [wfo-0001102289]homotypic Tweedia echegarayi (Hieron.) Malme Ark. Bot. 2(7): 11 (1904) [wfo-0001102039] synonym Oxypetalum kingii S.Moore J. Bot. 67: 259 (1929) [wfo-0001104328] T. stipitata G.H.Rua & Liede Gayana, Bot. 51: 81 (1994 publ. 1995) [wfo-0000411517] Pentacyphinae Rchb. ex Liede & Meve Phytotaxa 159(3): 189. 2014 [14 Feb 2014] [epublished] [wfo-4500000455]Pentacyphus Schltr. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 37: 605 (1906) [wfo-4000028570]synonym Tetraphysa Schltr. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 37: 616 (1906) [wfo-4000037959] P. andinus (Ball) Liede Syst. Bot. 21: 43 (1996) [wfo-0001253622]synonym Lugonia andina Ball J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 22: 49 (1885) [wfo-0001101866]homotypic Sarcostemma andinum (Ball) R.Holm Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 37: 549 (1950) [wfo-0001104491] synonym Pentacyphus boliviensis Schltr. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 37: 606 (1906) [wfo-0001103444] synonym Sarcostemma andinum (Ball) R.Holm Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 37: 549 (1950) [wfo-0001104491]basionym Lugonia andina Ball J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 22: 49 (1885) [wfo-0001101866] P. camargoi (Morillo) Meve & Liede Pl. Syst. Evol. 301: 1001 (2014) [wfo-0001341937]synonym Sarcostemma camargoi Morillo Ernstia, n.s., 4: 7 (1994) [wfo-0000431751] P. lehmannii (Schltr.) Liede Syst. Bot. 21: 43 (1996) [wfo-0001250073]synonym Sarcostemma lehmannii (Schltr.) R.Holm Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 37: 550 (1950) [wfo-0001104494]basionym Tetraphysa lehmannii Schltr. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 37: 616 (1906) [wfo-0001102035] synonym Tetraphysa lehmannii Schltr. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 37: 616 (1906) [wfo-0001102035]homotypic Sarcostemma lehmannii (Schltr.) R.Holm Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 37: 550 (1950) [wfo-0001104494] P. lehmannii subsp. elongatus Meve & Liede Pl. Syst. Evol. 301: 1002 (2014) [wfo-0001363131] P. lehmannii subsp. tamanus (Morillo) Meve & Liede Pl. Syst. Evol. 301: 1002 (2014) [wfo-0001363130]synonym Pentacyphus tamanus (Morillo) Liede Taxon 46: 235 (1997) [wfo-0001254328]basionym Tetraphysa tamana Morillo Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 52: 40 (1994) [wfo-0000411707] synonym Tetraphysa tamana Morillo Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 52: 40 (1994) [wfo-0000411707]homotypic Pentacyphus tamanus (Morillo) Liede Taxon 46: 235 (1997) [wfo-0001254328] Pentacyphus: Unplaced Names
deprecated Pentacyphus andinum (Ball) Liede Syst. Bot. 21: 43. 1996 [wfo-0001349810] Tassadiinae Rchb. ex Liede & Meve Phytotaxa 159(3): 190 (2014) [wfo-4500000457]Tassadia Decne. Prodr. 8: 579 (1844) [wfo-4000037607]synonym Esmeraldia E.Fourn. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 6, 14: 367–368. 1882. [wfo-4000014043] synonym Glaziostelma E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 227. 1885. [wfo-4000015721] synonym Lorostelma E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 220, pl. 57. 1885. [wfo-4000022292] synonym Stenomeria Turcz. Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 25(II): 312 (1852) [wfo-4000036517] T. aristata (Benth. ex E.Fourn.) Fontella Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 21: 335 (1977) [wfo-0000411456]basionym Ditassa aristata Benth. ex E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 247 (1885) [wfo-0000652464] synonym Ditassa aristata Benth. ex E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 247 (1885) [wfo-0000652464]homotypic Tassadia aristata (Benth. ex E.Fourn.) Fontella Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 21: 335 (1977) [wfo-0000411456] T. berteroana (Spreng.) W.D.Stevens Phytologia 64(5): 335. 1988 [15 May 1988] (as berteroanum) [wfo-0000411216]basionym Oxypetalum berteroanum Spreng. Syst. Veg. 1: 854 (1824) [wfo-0000384970] homotypic Metastelma berteroanum (Spreng.) Decne. Prodr. 8: 515 (1844) [wfo-0000368805] synonym Cynanchum stenolobum (Decne.) Morillo Ernstia 4: 19 (1981): [wfo-0000633614]basionym Metastelma stenolobum Decne. Prodr. 8: 515 (1844) [wfo-0000368774] homotypic Sattadia stenoloba (Decne.) Malme Ark. Bot. 21A(12): 8 (1927) [wfo-0001104339] synonym Gonolobus exilis Miers Proc. Roy. Hort. Soc. London 4: 161 (1864) [wfo-0000706840] synonym Madarosperma confusum E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 214 (1885) [wfo-0000371749] synonym Metastelma berteroanum (Spreng.) Decne. Prodr. 8: 515 (1844) [wfo-0000368805]basionym Oxypetalum berteroanum Spreng. Syst. Veg. 1: 854 (1824) [wfo-0000384970] homotypic Tassadia berteroana (Spreng.) W.D.Stevens Phytologia 64(5): 335. 1988 [15 May 1988] (as berteroanum) [wfo-0000411216] synonym Metastelma stenolobum Decne. Prodr. 8: 515 (1844) [wfo-0000368774]homotypic Cynanchum stenolobum (Decne.) Morillo Ernstia 4: 19 (1981): [wfo-0000633614] homotypic Sattadia stenoloba (Decne.) Malme Ark. Bot. 21A(12): 8 (1927) [wfo-0001104339] synonym Oxypetalum berteroanum Spreng. Syst. Veg. 1: 854 (1824) [wfo-0000384970]homotypic Metastelma berteroanum (Spreng.) Decne. Prodr. 8: 515 (1844) [wfo-0000368805] homotypic Tassadia berteroana (Spreng.) W.D.Stevens Phytologia 64(5): 335. 1988 [15 May 1988] (as berteroanum) [wfo-0000411216] synonym Oxypetalum berteroi Spreng. ex Decne. Prodr. 8: 588 (1844) [wfo-0000384969] synonym Sattadia burchellii E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 232 (1885) [wfo-0000431735] synonym Sattadia stenoloba (Decne.) Malme Ark. Bot. 21A(12): 8 (1927) [wfo-0001104339]basionym Metastelma stenolobum Decne. Prodr. 8: 515 (1844) [wfo-0000368774] homotypic Cynanchum stenolobum (Decne.) Morillo Ernstia 4: 19 (1981): [wfo-0000633614] T. burchelii E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 230 (1885) [wfo-0000411189]synonym Tassadia multiflora Malme Ark. Bot. 29A(13): 4 (1939) [wfo-0000411190] T. castellanosii Fontella Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 21: 335 (1977) [wfo-0000411194] T. decaisneana Miq. Linnaea 18: 25 (1844) [wfo-0001102626]synonym Metastelma decaisneanum Benth. & Hook.f. Gen. Pl. [Bentham & Hooker f.] 2(2): 756, in nota sub Tassadia. 1876 [May 1876] [wfo-0000371958] T. decalepis (Turcz.) Liede & Meve Phytotaxa 202: 39 (2015) [wfo-0001341873]synonym Lorostelma struthianthus E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 220 (1885) [wfo-0001102166] synonym Lorostelma venezolanum Markgr. Acta Bot. Venez. 6(1-4): 74. 1972 [1971 publ. 1972] [wfo-0000361322] synonym Stenomeria decalepis Turcz. Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 25(II): 312 (1852) [wfo-0000431139] synonym Stenomeria tomentosa Rusby Descr. S. Amer. Pl. : 95 (1920) [wfo-0000431141] synonym Tassadia hutchisoniana Rusby Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 7: 331 (1927) [wfo-0001104345] synonym Tassadia rhombifolia Rusby Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 7: 331 (1927) [wfo-0001104346] synonym Vincetoxicum struthianthus (E.Fourn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 423 (1891) [wfo-0001103170] T. emygdioi Fontella Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 21: 368 (1977) [wfo-0000411200] T. fosteri (Morillo) Liede & Meve Phytotaxa 202: 40 (2015) [wfo-0001341874]synonym Stenomeria fosteri Morillo Acta Bot. Venez. 16: 85 (1990 publ. 1991) [wfo-0001104732] T. geniculata Fontella Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 21: 299 (1977) [wfo-0000411192] T. grazielae Fontella Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 21: 315 (1977) [wfo-0001102031] T. guanchezii (Morillo) Liede & Meve Phytotaxa 202: 40 (2015) [wfo-0001341876]synonym Cynanchum guanchezii Morillo Ernstia 37: 5 (1986) [wfo-0000633121]homotypic Metastelma guanchezii (Morillo) Liede & Meve Novon 11: 176 (2001) [wfo-0000371980] synonym Metastelma guanchezii (Morillo) Liede & Meve Novon 11: 176 (2001) [wfo-0000371980]basionym Cynanchum guanchezii Morillo Ernstia 37: 5 (1986) [wfo-0000633121] T. kamaensis (Morillo) Morillo Ernstia 51: 13 (1989) [wfo-0000411199]basionym Cynanchum kamaense Morillo Ernstia 4: 8 (1981) [wfo-0000633209] synonym Cynanchum kamaense Morillo Ernstia 4: 8 (1981) [wfo-0000633209]homotypic Tassadia kamaensis (Morillo) Morillo Ernstia 51: 13 (1989) [wfo-0000411199] synonym Tassadia marahuacensis Morillo Ernstia 51: 13 (1989) [wfo-0000411180] T. manarae (Morillo) Liede & Meve Novon 11: 176 (2001) [wfo-0000411197]basionym Cynanchum manarae Morillo Brittonia 30: 47 (1978) [wfo-0000633301] synonym Cynanchum manarae Morillo Brittonia 30: 47 (1978) [wfo-0000633301]homotypic Tassadia manarae (Morillo) Liede & Meve Novon 11: 176 (2001) [wfo-0000411197] T. martiana Decne. Prodr. 8: 580 (1844) [wfo-0001102629]synonym Madarosperma aripecurense E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 213 (1885) [wfo-0000371734] synonym Tassadia colubrina Decne. Prodr. 8: 579 (1844) [wfo-0000411195] T. medinae (Morillo) Morillo Ernstia 51: 14 (1989) [wfo-0000411181]basionym Cynanchum medinae Morillo Ernstia 4: 10 (1981) [wfo-0000633322] synonym Cynanchum medinae Morillo Ernstia 4: 10 (1981) [wfo-0000633322]homotypic Tassadia medinae (Morillo) Morillo Ernstia 51: 14 (1989) [wfo-0000411181] T. milanezii Fontella Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 21: 353 (1977) [wfo-0001102032] T. obovata Decne. Prodr. 8: 579 (1844) [wfo-0000411179]synonym Cynanchum apocynellum (Gleason & Moldenke) Spellman Phytologia 25: 438 (1973) [wfo-0000632803] synonym Cynanchum myrtifolium Poepp. ex Decne. Prodr. 8: 580 (1844) [wfo-0000633377] synonym Cynanchum recurvum (Rusby) Spellman Phytologia 25: 438 (1973) [wfo-0000633519]basionym Tassadia recurva Rusby Descr. S. Amer. Pl. : 97 (1920) [wfo-0000411188] synonym Cynanchum trinitense (N.E.Br.) Woodson Fl. Trinidad & Tobago 2: 168 (1947) [wfo-0000633680] synonym Decastelma trinitenae N.E.Br. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 51: 5 (1924) [wfo-0000639100] synonym Tassadia apocynella Gleason & Moldenke Phytologia 1: 15 (1933) [wfo-0000411455] synonym Tassadia floribunda Decne. Prodr. 8: 580 (1844) [wfo-0001102030] synonym Tassadia neovidensis E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 229 (1885) [wfo-0001102630] synonym Tassadia pilosula K.Schum. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 25: 726 (1898) [wfo-0001103269] synonym Tassadia poeppigiana Decne. Prodr. 8: 580 (1844) [wfo-0001102631] synonym Tassadia recurva Rusby Descr. S. Amer. Pl. : 97 (1920) [wfo-0000411188]homotypic Cynanchum recurvum (Rusby) Spellman Phytologia 25: 438 (1973) [wfo-0000633519] synonym Tassadia selloana E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 231 (1885) [wfo-0001102632] synonym Tassadia turriformis E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 231 (1885) [wfo-0001102034] T. ovalifolia (E.Fourn.) Fontella Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 21: 329 (1977) [wfo-0000411186]basionym Glaziostelma ovalifolium E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 227 (1885) [wfo-0000703654] synonym Glaziostelma ovalifolium E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 227 (1885) [wfo-0000703654]homotypic Tassadia ovalifolia (E.Fourn.) Fontella Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 21: 329 (1977) [wfo-0000411186] T. pentalepis (Turcz.) Liede & Meve Phytotaxa 202: 40 (2015) [wfo-0001341875]synonym Stenomeria pentalepis Turcz. Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 25(II): 313 (1852) [wfo-0000431140] T. propinqua Decne. Prodr. 8: 579 (1844) [wfo-0000411187]synonym Tassadia angustifolia Malme Ark. Bot. 29A(13): 2 (1939) [wfo-0000411454] synonym Tassadia comosa E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 229 (1885) [wfo-0000411196] synonym Tassadia lanceolata Decne. Prodr. 8: 579 (1844) [wfo-0000411185] synonym Tassadia minutiflora Malme Ark. Bot. 29A(13): 3 (1939) [wfo-0000411182] synonym Tassadia rusbyi J.F.Macbr. Publ. Field Columb. Mus., Bot. Ser. 11: 34 (1931) [wfo-0001104393] synonym Tassadia sphaerostigma K.Schum. ex Ule Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 40(2): 170, nomen. 1907 [2 Aug 1907] [wfo-0001348646] synonym Tassadia sprucei E.Fourn. Fl. Bras. 6(4): 229 (1885) [wfo-0001102033] T. richardiana (Alain) Liede & Mangelsdorff Syst. Bot. 39: 607 (2014) [wfo-0001340798]synonym Astephanus ovalifolius A.Rich. Hist. Fis. Cuba, Bot. 11: 95 (1850) [wfo-0000552572]homotypic Cynanchum richardianum Alain Mem. Soc. Cub. Hist. Nat. ''Felipe Poey'' 22: 118 (1955) [wfo-0000633531] homotypic Metastelma ovalifolium (A.Rich.) Liede Novon 7: 43 (1997) [wfo-0001237234] synonym Cynanchum richardianum Alain Mem. Soc. Cub. Hist. Nat. ''Felipe Poey'' 22: 118 (1955) [wfo-0000633531]basionym Astephanus ovalifolius A.Rich. Hist. Fis. Cuba, Bot. 11: 95 (1850) [wfo-0000552572] homotypic Metastelma ovalifolium (A.Rich.) Liede Novon 7: 43 (1997) [wfo-0001237234] synonym Lachnostoma ovatum Turcz. Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 25(II): 318 (1852) [wfo-0000362265] synonym Metastelma ovalifolium (A.Rich.) Liede Novon 7: 43 (1997) [wfo-0001237234]basionym Astephanus ovalifolius A.Rich. Hist. Fis. Cuba, Bot. 11: 95 (1850) [wfo-0000552572] homotypic Cynanchum richardianum Alain Mem. Soc. Cub. Hist. Nat. ''Felipe Poey'' 22: 118 (1955) [wfo-0000633531] T. stricta (E.Fourn.) Liede & Rapini Syst. Bot. 39: 608 (2014) [wfo-0001340799]basionym Esmeraldia stricta E.Fourn. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 6, 14: 368 (1882) [wfo-0000680847] homotypic Meresaldia stricta (E.Fourn.) Bullock Kew Bull. 19: 203 (1965) [wfo-0000368729] synonym Cynanchum strictum (Gleason & Moldenke) R.W.Holm Fieldiana, Bot. 28: 508 (1953) [wfo-0000633623]basionym Metastelma strictum Gleason & Moldenke Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 58: 457 (1931) [wfo-0000368787] synonym Esmeraldia stricta E.Fourn. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 6, 14: 368 (1882) [wfo-0000680847]homotypic Meresaldia stricta (E.Fourn.) Bullock Kew Bull. 19: 203 (1965) [wfo-0000368729] homotypic Tassadia stricta (E.Fourn.) Liede & Rapini Syst. Bot. 39: 608 (2014) [wfo-0001340799] synonym Meresaldia stricta (E.Fourn.) Bullock Kew Bull. 19: 203 (1965) [wfo-0000368729]basionym Esmeraldia stricta E.Fourn. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 6, 14: 368 (1882) [wfo-0000680847] homotypic Tassadia stricta (E.Fourn.) Liede & Rapini Syst. Bot. 39: 608 (2014) [wfo-0001340799] synonym Metastelma strictum Gleason & Moldenke Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 58: 457 (1931) [wfo-0000368787]homotypic Cynanchum strictum (Gleason & Moldenke) R.W.Holm Fieldiana, Bot. 28: 508 (1953) [wfo-0000633623] T. trailiana (Benth.) Fontella Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 21: 321 (1977) [wfo-0000411212]basionym Madarosperma trailianum Benth. Gen. Pl. [Bentham & Hooker f.] 2(2): 1241. 1876 [May 1876] : use traillianum [wfo-0001101872] synonym Madarosperma oblongum S.Moore Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 4: 400 (1895) [wfo-0000371729] synonym Madarosperma trailiana Benth. Gen. Pl. [Bentham & Hooker f.] 2(2): 1241. 1876 [May 1876] [wfo-0000378188] synonym Madarosperma trailianum Benth. Gen. Pl. [Bentham & Hooker f.] 2(2): 1241. 1876 [May 1876] : use traillianum [wfo-0001101872]homotypic Tassadia trailiana (Benth.) Fontella Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 21: 321 (1977) [wfo-0000411212] T. valioi Fontella Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 21: 305 (1977) [wfo-0001104663] Topeinae H.A.Keller & Liede Bonplandia (Corrientes) 26(2): 134 (2017) [wfo-4500000300]Topea H.A.Keller Bonplandia (Corrientes) 26: 134 (2017) [wfo-4000045248] T. micrantha (H.A.Keller) H.A.Keller Bonplandia (Corrientes) 26: 136 (2017) [wfo-0001331130]synonym Aenigma micranthum H.A.Keller Lilloa 54: 64 (2017) [wfo-0001331128] T. patens (H.A.Keller) H.A.Keller Bonplandia (Corrientes) 26: 134 (2017) [wfo-0001331129]synonym Aenigma patens H.A.Keller Lilloa 54: 60 (2017) [wfo-0001331127] Tylophorinae K.Schum. Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4,2: 209. 1895. [wfo-4100005840]Pentatropis R.Br. ex Wight & Arn. Contr. Bot. India : 52 (1834) [wfo-4000028651]synonym Colostephanus Harv. Gen. S. Afr. Pl. 417. 1838. [wfo-4000008975] synonym Strobopetalum N.E.Br. Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1894: 335 (1894) [wfo-4000036900] P. bentii (N.E.Br.) Liede Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 114: 91 (1994) [wfo-0001251981]basionym Strobopetalum bentii N.E.Br. Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1894: 336 (1894) [wfo-0001103071] synonym Strobopetalum benti N.E.Br. Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1894: 336 (1894) [wfo-0001103072] synonym Strobopetalum bentii N.E.Br. Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1894: 336 (1894) [wfo-0001103071]homotypic Pentatropis bentii (N.E.Br.) Liede Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 114: 91 (1994) [wfo-0001251981] P. capensis (L.f.) Bullock Kew Bull. 10: 284 (1955) [wfo-0001100969]basionym Cynanchum capense L.f. Suppl. Pl. : 168 (1782) [wfo-0000632902] homotypic Colostephanus capensis (L.f.) Harv. Gen. S. Afr. Pl. : 417 (1838) [wfo-0000615193] homotypic Vincetoxicum capense (L.f.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0001103093] synonym Asclepias microphylla Roth ex Schult. Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis 6: 85 (1820) [wfo-0000551534]homotypic Pentatropis microphylla (Roth ex Schult.) Wight & Arn. Contr. Bot. India [Wight] 52 (Dec. 1834). [Dec 1834] [wfo-0001102335] synonym Colostephanus capensis (L.f.) Harv. Gen. S. Afr. Pl. : 417 (1838) [wfo-0000615193]basionym Cynanchum capense L.f. Suppl. Pl. : 168 (1782) [wfo-0000632902] homotypic Pentatropis capensis (L.f.) Bullock Kew Bull. 10: 284 (1955) [wfo-0001100969] homotypic Vincetoxicum capense (L.f.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0001103093] synonym Cosmostigma cordatum (Poir.) M.R.Almeida Fl. Maharashtra 3A: 239 (2001) [wfo-0000623576]basionym Periploca cordata Poir. Encycl. 5: 191 (1804) [wfo-0001102786] homotypic Hemidesmus cordatus (Poir.) Schult. Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis 6: 126 (1820) [wfo-0001102773] synonym Cynanchum acuminatum Thunb. Observ. Cynanch. : 5 (1821) [wfo-0000632743] synonym Cynanchum capense L.f. Suppl. Pl. : 168 (1782) [wfo-0000632902]homotypic Colostephanus capensis (L.f.) Harv. Gen. S. Afr. Pl. : 417 (1838) [wfo-0000615193] homotypic Pentatropis capensis (L.f.) Bullock Kew Bull. 10: 284 (1955) [wfo-0001100969] homotypic Vincetoxicum capense (L.f.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0001103093] synonym Cynoctonum capense (L.f.) E.Mey. Comm. Pl. Afr. Austr. : 216 (1838) [wfo-0000633787] synonym Hemidesmus cordatus (Poir.) Schult. Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis 6: 126 (1820) [wfo-0001102773]basionym Periploca cordata Poir. Encycl. 5: 191 (1804) [wfo-0001102786] homotypic Cosmostigma cordatum (Poir.) M.R.Almeida Fl. Maharashtra 3A: 239 (2001) [wfo-0000623576] synonym Pentatropis microphylla (Roth ex Schult.) Wight & Arn. Contr. Bot. India [Wight] 52 (Dec. 1834). [Dec 1834] [wfo-0001102335]basionym Asclepias microphylla Roth ex Schult. Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis 6: 85 (1820) [wfo-0000551534] synonym Periploca cordata Poir. Encycl. 5: 191 (1804) [wfo-0001102786]homotypic Cosmostigma cordatum (Poir.) M.R.Almeida Fl. Maharashtra 3A: 239 (2001) [wfo-0000623576] homotypic Hemidesmus cordatus (Poir.) Schult. Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis 6: 126 (1820) [wfo-0001102773] synonym Vincetoxicum capense (L.f.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0001103093]basionym Cynanchum capense L.f. Suppl. Pl. : 168 (1782) [wfo-0000632902] homotypic Colostephanus capensis (L.f.) Harv. Gen. S. Afr. Pl. : 417 (1838) [wfo-0000615193] homotypic Pentatropis capensis (L.f.) Bullock Kew Bull. 10: 284 (1955) [wfo-0001100969] P. nivalis (J.F.Gmel.) D.V.Field & J.R.I.Wood Kew Bull. 38: 215 (1983) [wfo-0000392625]basionym Asclepias nivalis J.F.Gmel. Syst. Nat. ed. 13[bis] : 444 (1791) [wfo-0000551565] synonym Asclepias forskohlii Schult. Syst. Veg., ed. 15[bis]. 6: 85 (1820) [wfo-0000551339]basionym Asclepias nivea Forssk. Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. : 51 (1775) [wfo-0000551567] synonym Asclepias nivalis J.F.Gmel. Syst. Nat. ed. 13[bis] : 444 (1791) [wfo-0000551565]homotypic Pentatropis nivalis (J.F.Gmel.) D.V.Field & J.R.I.Wood Kew Bull. 38: 215 (1983) [wfo-0000392625] synonym Asclepias nivea Forssk. Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. : 51 (1775) [wfo-0000551567]homotypic Asclepias forskohlii Schult. Syst. Veg., ed. 15[bis]. 6: 85 (1820) [wfo-0000551339] synonym Oxystelma caudatum Buch.-Ham. ex Wall. Numer. List : n.º 8213 D (1847) [wfo-0000384887] synonym Pentarrhinum fasciculatum K.Schum. Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas, C: 323 (1895) [wfo-0001102862] synonym Pentatropis cynanchoides R.Br. ex N.E.Br. Fl. Trop. Afr. 4: 380 (1902) [wfo-0000392222] synonym Pentatropis fasciculatus (K.Schum.) N.E.Br. Fl. Trop. Afr. 4(1): 381 (1902) [wfo-0001103320] synonym Pentatropis hoyoides K.Schum. Annuario Reale Ist. Bot. Roma 7: 40 (1897) [wfo-0000392221] synonym Pentatropis madagascariensis Decne. Prodr. 8: 536 (1844) [wfo-0001102334]homotypic Pentatropis nivalis subsp. madagascariensis (Decne.) Liede & Meve Adansonia, sér. 3, 23: 348 (2001) [wfo-0001264628] synonym Pentatropis nivalis subsp. madagascariensis (Decne.) Liede & Meve Adansonia, sér. 3, 23: 348 (2001) [wfo-0001264628]basionym Pentatropis madagascariensis Decne. Prodr. 8: 536 (1844) [wfo-0001102334] synonym Pentatropis rigida Chiov. Res. Sci. Somalia Ital. 1: 114 (1916) [wfo-0000392647] synonym Pentatropis senegalensis Decne. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 9: 328 (1838) [wfo-0001102337]homotypic Pentatropis cynanchoides var. senegalensis (Decne.) Decne. Fl. Trop. Afr. 4(1): 381 1902 [wfo-0001240717] synonym Strobopetalum carnosum N.E.Br. Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1894: 390 (1894) [wfo-0000431218] Pentatropis: Unplaced Names
unknown Pentatropis cynanchoides var. senegalensis (Decne.) Decne. Fl. Trop. Afr. 4(1): 381 1902 [wfo-0001240717] unknown Pentatropis spiralis var. longipetiolata Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Afrika 343. 1892 [wfo-1200019356] synonym Amblyoglossum Turcz. Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 25(II): 310 (1852) [wfo-4000001525] synonym Belostemma Wall. ex Wight Contr. Bot. India : 52 (1834) [wfo-4000004386] synonym Biondia Schltr. Beibl. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 82: 91 (1905) [wfo-4000004650] synonym Cynanchum subg. Vincetoxicum (Walter) Domin Beitr. 89(6) 1928 [wfo-3500000368] synonym Diploglossum Meisn. Pl. Vasc. Gen. 1: 269, 2: 176. 1840. [wfo-4000011987] synonym Diplostigma K.Schum. Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas, C: 324 (1895) [wfo-4000012042] synonym Haplostemma Endl. Gen. Pl., Suppl. 3: 75 (1843) [wfo-4000016895] synonym Henryastrum Happ Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 24: 567 (1937) [wfo-4000017498] synonym Hybanthera Endl. Prodr. Fl. Norfolk. : 59 (1833) [wfo-4000018490] synonym Iphisia Wight & Arn. Contr. Bot. India 52. 1834. [wfo-4000019154] synonym Ischnostemma King & Gamble J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 74: 532 (1908) [wfo-4000019229] synonym Merrillanthus Chun & Tsiang Sunyatsenia 6: 105 (1941) [wfo-4000023813] synonym Neohenrya Hemsl. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 19: 97. 1892. [wfo-4000025710] synonym Oncostemma K.Schum. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17: 148 (1893) [wfo-4000026859] synonym Pentabothra Hook.f. Fl. Brit. India 4(10): 18–19. 1883. [wfo-4000028549] synonym Pentastelma Y.Tsiang & P.T.Li Fl. Hainan. 3: 577 (1974) [wfo-4000028640] synonym Podostelma K.Schum. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17: 133 (1893) [wfo-4000030524] synonym Pseudopentatropis Costantin Fl. Indo-Chine 4: 61. 1912. [wfo-4000031619] synonym Spirella Costantin Fl. Indo-Chine 4: 78 (1912) [wfo-4000036114] synonym Tylophora R.Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. : 460 (1810) [wfo-4000039658] synonym Tylophoropsis N.E.Br. Gard. Chron., ser. 3, 16: 244 (1894) [wfo-4000039659] synonym Vincetoxicopsis Costantin Fl. Indo-Chine 4: 103 (1912) [wfo-4000040300] V. acuminatifolium (Hemsl.) Ohi-Toma & K.Mochizuki J. Jap. Bot. 98(6): 326 2023 [wfo-1200095968]basionym Cynanchum acuminatifolium Hemsl. J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 104 (1889) [wfo-0000632740] synonym Alexitoxicon acuminatum Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338218]basionym Vincetoxicum acuminatum (A.Gray) Vail Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 26: 431 (1899) [wfo-0000421852] synonym Antitoxicum acuminatum Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 706 (1952) [wfo-0000340286]basionym Vincetoxicum acuminatum Raf. Autik. Bot. : 181 (1840) [wfo-0000421853] synonym Cynanchum acuminatifolium Hemsl. J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 104 (1889) [wfo-0000632740]homotypic Vincetoxicum acuminatifolium (Hemsl.) Ohi-Toma & K.Mochizuki J. Jap. Bot. 98(6): 326 2023 [wfo-1200095968] synonym Cynanchum acuminatum (C.Morren ex Decne.) Matsum. Index Pl. Jap. 2: t. 508 (1912) [wfo-0000632746] synonym Vincetoxicum acuminatum C.Morren ex Decne. Prodr. 8: 524 (1844) [wfo-0000421851] V. adnatum (Bakh.f.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 132. 2018 [wfo-0001425400]synonym Tylophora adnata Bakh.f. Blumea 6: 375 (1950) [wfo-0000411599] V. afrum (Meisn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 1891 [wfo-0000421635]basionym Tylophora afra Meisn. London J. Bot. 2: 542 (err. typ. 442). 1843 [wfo-0001102659] homotypic Sphaerocodon afer (Meisn.) Schltr. J. Bot. 33: 339 1895 [wfo-0000431078] homotypic Sphaerocodon caffrum (Meisn.) Schltr. J. Bot. 33: 339. 1895 (1895) [wfo-1200116123] homotypic Tylophora caffra Meisn. London J. Bot. 2: 542 (1843) [wfo-1200116226] homotypic Vincetoxicum caffrum (Meisn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-1200116117] synonym Gongronema welwitschii K.Schum. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17: 145 (1893) [wfo-0000706352] synonym Sphaerocodon afer (Meisn.) Schltr. J. Bot. 33: 339 1895 [wfo-0000431078]basionym Tylophora afra Meisn. London J. Bot. 2: 542 (err. typ. 442). 1843 [wfo-0001102659] homotypic Sphaerocodon caffrum (Meisn.) Schltr. J. Bot. 33: 339. 1895 (1895) [wfo-1200116123] homotypic Tylophora caffra Meisn. London J. Bot. 2: 542 (1843) [wfo-1200116226] homotypic Vincetoxicum afrum (Meisn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 1891 [wfo-0000421635] homotypic Vincetoxicum caffrum (Meisn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-1200116117] synonym Sphaerocodon caffrum (Meisn.) Schltr. J. Bot. 33: 339. 1895 (1895) [wfo-1200116123]basionym Tylophora afra Meisn. London J. Bot. 2: 542 (err. typ. 442). 1843 [wfo-0001102659] homotypic Sphaerocodon afer (Meisn.) Schltr. J. Bot. 33: 339 1895 [wfo-0000431078] homotypic Tylophora caffra Meisn. London J. Bot. 2: 542 (1843) [wfo-1200116226] homotypic Vincetoxicum afrum (Meisn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 1891 [wfo-0000421635] homotypic Vincetoxicum caffrum (Meisn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-1200116117] synonym Sphaerocodon obtusifolium Benth. Hooker's Icon. Pl. 12: t. 1190 (1876) [wfo-0000431079] synonym Tylophora afra Meisn. London J. Bot. 2: 542 (err. typ. 442). 1843 [wfo-0001102659]homotypic Sphaerocodon afer (Meisn.) Schltr. J. Bot. 33: 339 1895 [wfo-0000431078] homotypic Sphaerocodon caffrum (Meisn.) Schltr. J. Bot. 33: 339. 1895 (1895) [wfo-1200116123] homotypic Tylophora caffra Meisn. London J. Bot. 2: 542 (1843) [wfo-1200116226] homotypic Vincetoxicum afrum (Meisn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 1891 [wfo-0000421635] homotypic Vincetoxicum caffrum (Meisn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-1200116117] synonym Tylophora caffra Meisn. London J. Bot. 2: 542 (1843) [wfo-1200116226]basionym Tylophora afra Meisn. London J. Bot. 2: 542 (err. typ. 442). 1843 [wfo-0001102659] homotypic Sphaerocodon afer (Meisn.) Schltr. J. Bot. 33: 339 1895 [wfo-0000431078] homotypic Sphaerocodon caffrum (Meisn.) Schltr. J. Bot. 33: 339. 1895 (1895) [wfo-1200116123] homotypic Vincetoxicum afrum (Meisn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 1891 [wfo-0000421635] homotypic Vincetoxicum caffrum (Meisn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-1200116117] synonym Vincetoxicum caffrum (Meisn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-1200116117]basionym Tylophora afra Meisn. London J. Bot. 2: 542 (err. typ. 442). 1843 [wfo-0001102659] homotypic Sphaerocodon afer (Meisn.) Schltr. J. Bot. 33: 339 1895 [wfo-0000431078] homotypic Sphaerocodon caffrum (Meisn.) Schltr. J. Bot. 33: 339. 1895 (1895) [wfo-1200116123] homotypic Tylophora caffra Meisn. London J. Bot. 2: 542 (1843) [wfo-1200116226] homotypic Vincetoxicum afrum (Meisn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 1891 [wfo-0000421635] V. afrum subsp. melananthum (N.E.Br.) Goyder Fl. Zambes. 7(3): 354 2020 [wfo-1200008026]basionym Sphaerocodon melananthus N.E.Br. Fl. Trop. Afr. 4(1): 412 (1903) [wfo-0001103356] homotypic Vincetoxicum caffrum subsp. melananthum (N.E.Br.) Goyder [wfo-1200116082] synonym Gymnema melananthum K.Schum. Kunene-Sambesi Exped. : 344 (1903) [wfo-0000712252] synonym Sphaerocodon angolensis S.Moore J. Bot. 47: 219 (1909) [wfo-0001103888] synonym Sphaerocodon melananthus N.E.Br. Fl. Trop. Afr. 4(1): 412 (1903) [wfo-0001103356]homotypic Vincetoxicum afrum subsp. melananthum (N.E.Br.) Goyder Fl. Zambes. 7(3): 354 2020 [wfo-1200008026] homotypic Vincetoxicum caffrum subsp. melananthum (N.E.Br.) Goyder [wfo-1200116082] synonym Vincetoxicum caffrum subsp. melananthum (N.E.Br.) Goyder [wfo-1200116082]basionym Sphaerocodon melananthus N.E.Br. Fl. Trop. Afr. 4(1): 412 (1903) [wfo-0001103356] homotypic Vincetoxicum afrum subsp. melananthum (N.E.Br.) Goyder Fl. Zambes. 7(3): 354 2020 [wfo-1200008026] V. ambiguum Maxim. Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg, sér. 3, 23: 366 (1877) [wfo-0001102702]synonym Cynanchum ambiguum (Maxim.) Kom. Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 25: 294 (1905) [wfo-0000632772] V. amplexicaule Siebold & Zucc. Abh. Math.-Phys. Cl. Königl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. 4(3): 162 (1846) [wfo-0001102703]synonym Alexitoxicon amplexicaule (Siebold & Zucc.) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338222] synonym Antitoxicum amplexicaule (Siebold & Zucc.) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 705 (1952) [wfo-0000340288] synonym Cynanchum amplexicaule (Siebold & Zucc.) Hemsl. J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 104 (1889) [wfo-0000632778] synonym Cynanchum amplexicaule f. castaneum (Makino) C.Y.Li Clavis Pl. Chinae Bor.-Or., ed. 2: 529 (1995) [wfo-0000632780] synonym Cynanchum amplexicaule f. multicaurium (I.C.Chung) W.Lee J. Korean Pl. Taxon. 12(2): 85 (1982) [wfo-0000632781] synonym Cynanchum brandtii Matsum. Index Pl. Jap. 2(2): 509 (1912) [wfo-0000632878] synonym Vincetoxicum amplexicaule var. castaneum (Makino) Kitag. Rep. Inst. Sci. Res. Manchoukuo 4: 84 1940 [wfo-0001104837] synonym Vincetoxicum brandtii Franch. & Sav. Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 440 (1878) [wfo-0001104817] V. angustifolium (Schltr.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 132. 2018 [wfo-0001425401]synonym Tylophora angustifolia Schltr. Fragm. Fl. Philipp. 1: 124 (1904) [wfo-0000411603] V. anomalum (N.E.Br.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 132. 2018 [wfo-0001425402]synonym Cynanchum chirindense S.Moore J. Bot. 46: 305 (1908) [wfo-0000632931] synonym Cynanchum papillosum Weim. Bot. Not. 1935: 398 (1935) [wfo-0000633443] synonym Tylophora anomala N.E.Br. Fl. Cap. 4(1): 766 (1908) [wfo-0000411605] synonym Tylophora mayottae W.D.Stevens, Labat & F.Barthelat Candollea 71: 131 (2016) [wfo-0001263332] synonym Tylophora urceolata Meve Kew Bull. 51: 585 (1996) [wfo-0000410741] synonym Vincetoxicum urniflorum Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 166. 2018 [wfo-1000008116] V. anthopotamicum (Hand.-Mazz.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 132. 2018 [wfo-0001425412]synonym Cynanchum anthopotamicum Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: 995 (1936) [wfo-0000632797]homotypic Tylophora anthopotamica (Hand.-Mazz.) Tsiang & H.D.Zhang Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12: 133 (1974) [wfo-0001104633] synonym Tylophora anthopotamica (Hand.-Mazz.) Tsiang & H.D.Zhang Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12: 133 (1974) [wfo-0001104633]basionym Cynanchum anthopotamicum Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: 995 (1936) [wfo-0000632797] V. apiculatum (K.Schum.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 132. 2018 [wfo-0001425404]synonym Tylophora apiculata K.Schum. Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas, C: 325 (1895) [wfo-0001103080] V. arabicum (Arn.) Thulin Nordic J. Bot. 2022(10)-e03687: 2.2022 [wfo-1000043042]synonym Blyttia arabica Arn. Mag. Zool. Bot. 2: 420 (1838) [wfo-0000567011]basionym Cynanchum fruticulosum Decne. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 9: 332 (1838) [wfo-0000633077] homotypic Blyttia fruticulosa (Decne.) D.V.Field Kew Bull. 38: 216 (1983) [wfo-0000567012] homotypic Vincetoxicum fruticulosum (Decne.) Decne. Prodr. 8: 525 (1844) [wfo-0001102711] V. arachnoideum (Goyder) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 132. 2018 [wfo-0001425398]synonym Tylophora arachnoidea Goyder Kew Bull. 58: 724 (2003) [wfo-0001273815] V. arenicola (Merr.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 133. 2018 [wfo-0001425405]synonym Tylophora arenicola Merr. Lingnan Sci. J. 13: 69 (1934) [wfo-0001104397] V. aristolochioides (Miq.) Franch. & Sav. Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 445 (1878) [wfo-0001102705]basionym Tylophora aristolochioides Miq. Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 2: 129 (1866) [wfo-0001102653] synonym Tylophora aristolochioides Miq. Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 2: 129 (1866) [wfo-0001102653]homotypic Vincetoxicum aristolochioides (Miq.) Franch. & Sav. Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 445 (1878) [wfo-0001102705] synonym Tylophora yoshinagae Makino J. Jap. Bot., reimpr. 3: 3 (1923) [wfo-0000410742] V. arnottianum (Wight) Wight Icon. Pl. Ind. Orient. 4: t. 1614 (1850) [wfo-0001102706]synonym Cynanchum arnottianum Wight Contr. Bot. India : 58 (1834) [wfo-0000632813] synonym Vincetoxicum montanum Decne. Prodr. 8: 525 (1844) [wfo-0000420930] V. ascyrifolium Franch. & Sav. Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 441 (1877) [wfo-0001104816]synonym Cynanchum ascyrifolium (Franch. & Sav.) Matsum. Index Pl. Jap. 2(2): 509 (1912) [wfo-0000632814] V. atratum (Bunge) C.Morren & Decne. Bull. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles 3: 17 (1836) [wfo-0000421638]synonym Alexitoxicon atratum (Bunge) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1862) [wfo-0000338223]basionym Cynanchum atratum Bunge Enum. Pl. China Bor. : 45 (1833) [wfo-0000632821] homotypic Antitoxicum atratum (Bunge) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 704 (1952) [wfo-0000340289] homotypic Vincetoxicum atratum (Bunge) C.Morren & Decne. ex Decne. Prodr. 8: 523 1844 [wfo-0001042031] synonym Antitoxicum atratum (Bunge) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 704 (1952) [wfo-0000340289]basionym Cynanchum atratum Bunge Enum. Pl. China Bor. : 45 (1833) [wfo-0000632821] homotypic Alexitoxicon atratum (Bunge) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1862) [wfo-0000338223] homotypic Vincetoxicum atratum (Bunge) C.Morren & Decne. ex Decne. Prodr. 8: 523 1844 [wfo-0001042031] synonym Cynanchum atratum Bunge Enum. Pl. China Bor. : 45 (1833) [wfo-0000632821]homotypic Alexitoxicon atratum (Bunge) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1862) [wfo-0000338223] homotypic Antitoxicum atratum (Bunge) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 704 (1952) [wfo-0000340289] homotypic Vincetoxicum atratum (Bunge) C.Morren & Decne. ex Decne. Prodr. 8: 523 1844 [wfo-0001042031] synonym Cynanchum atratum f. multinerve (Franch. & Sav.) T.Yamaz. Fl. Japan 3a: 172 (1993) [wfo-0000632822]basionym Vincetoxicum multinerve Franch. & Sav. Enum. Pl. Jap. 1: 319 (1875) [wfo-0000420923] homotypic Cynanchum multinerve (Franch. & Sav.) Matsum. Index Pl. Jap. 2(2): 510 (1912) [wfo-0000633371] synonym Cynanchum atratum f. viridescens H.Hara Enum. Spermatophytarum Japon. 1: 149. 1949 [wfo-0001322463] synonym Cynanchum kiyohikoanum Honda Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 46: 676 (1932) [wfo-0000633218] synonym Cynanchum multinerve (Franch. & Sav.) Matsum. Index Pl. Jap. 2(2): 510 (1912) [wfo-0000633371]basionym Vincetoxicum multinerve Franch. & Sav. Enum. Pl. Jap. 1: 319 (1875) [wfo-0000420923] homotypic Cynanchum atratum f. multinerve (Franch. & Sav.) T.Yamaz. Fl. Japan 3a: 172 (1993) [wfo-0000632822] synonym Cynanchum pauciflorum (Miq.) Matsum. Index Pl. Jap. 2(2): 510 (1912) [wfo-0000633452] synonym Vincetoxicum atratum (Bunge) C.Morren & Decne. ex Decne. Prodr. 8: 523 1844 [wfo-0001042031]basionym Cynanchum atratum Bunge Enum. Pl. China Bor. : 45 (1833) [wfo-0000632821] homotypic Alexitoxicon atratum (Bunge) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1862) [wfo-0000338223] homotypic Antitoxicum atratum (Bunge) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 704 (1952) [wfo-0000340289] synonym Vincetoxicum atratum f. viridescens (H.Hara) Sugim. ex Yonek. J. Jap. Bot. 86(4): 235. 2011 [Aug 2011] [wfo-0001322464] synonym Vincetoxicum multinerve Franch. & Sav. Enum. Pl. Jap. 1: 319 (1875) [wfo-0000420923]homotypic Cynanchum atratum f. multinerve (Franch. & Sav.) T.Yamaz. Fl. Japan 3a: 172 (1993) [wfo-0000632822] homotypic Cynanchum multinerve (Franch. & Sav.) Matsum. Index Pl. Jap. 2(2): 510 (1912) [wfo-0000633371] synonym Vincetoxicum pauciflorum Miq. Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 2: 127 (1866) [wfo-0001102731] V. augustinianum (Hemsl.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 133. 2018 [wfo-0001428855]synonym Henrya augustiniana Hemsl. J. Linn. Soc., Bot. xxvi. (1889) 111; et in Hook. Icon. pl. xx. (1891) t. 1971. [wfo-0000440241]homotypic Henryastrum augustinianum (Hemsl.) Hopp Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 1937, xxiv. 567. [wfo-0000719868] homotypic Neohenrya augustiniana (Hemsl.) Hemsl. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 19: 97 (1892) [wfo-0000732983] homotypic Tylophora augustiniana (Hemsl.) Craib Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1911: 417 (1911) [wfo-0001103978] synonym Neohenrya augustiniana (Hemsl.) Hemsl. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 19: 97 (1892) [wfo-0000732983]basionym Henrya augustiniana Hemsl. J. Linn. Soc., Bot. xxvi. (1889) 111; et in Hook. Icon. pl. xx. (1891) t. 1971. [wfo-0000440241] homotypic Henryastrum augustinianum (Hemsl.) Hopp Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 1937, xxiv. 567. [wfo-0000719868] homotypic Tylophora augustiniana (Hemsl.) Craib Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1911: 417 (1911) [wfo-0001103978] V. auritum (Tsiang & P.T.Li) Meve, H.H.Kong & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 133. 2018 [wfo-0001425406]synonym Pentastelma auritum Y.Tsiang & P.T.Li Fl. Hainan. 3: 577 (1974) [wfo-0001104662] V. austrokiusianum (Koidz.) Kitag. J. Jap. Bot. 34: 363 (1959) [wfo-0001104290]basionym Cynanchum austrokiusianum Koidz. Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 7: 194 (1938) [wfo-0000632831] synonym Cynanchum austrokiusianum Koidz. Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 7: 194 (1938) [wfo-0000632831]homotypic Vincetoxicum austrokiusianum (Koidz.) Kitag. J. Jap. Bot. 34: 363 (1959) [wfo-0001104290] V. badium (E.Mey.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 133. 2018 [wfo-0001425407]synonym Astephanus badius E.Mey. Comm. Pl. Afr. Austr. : 224 (1838) [wfo-0000552535]homotypic Tylophora badia (E.Mey.) Schltr. Beibl. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 54: 12 (1896) [wfo-0001103270] synonym Tylophora badia (E.Mey.) Schltr. Beibl. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 54: 12 (1896) [wfo-0001103270]basionym Astephanus badius E.Mey. Comm. Pl. Afr. Austr. : 224 (1838) [wfo-0000552535] V. badium var. latifolium (N.E.Br.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 133. 2018 [wfo-0001428856]synonym Tylophora badia var. latifolia N.E.Br. Fl. Cap. 4(1): 769 (1908) [wfo-0001421354] V. balakrishnanii (P.M.Salim & J.Mathew) Kottaim. Int. J. Curr. Res. Biosci. Pl. Biol. 6(10): 37. 2019 [wfo-1000034893]basionym Tylophora balakrishnanii P.M.Salim & J.Mathew NeBIO 8(3): 130, figs. 1-2. 2017 [Sep 2017] (epublished) [wfo-1000035459] synonym Tylophora balakrishnanii P.M.Salim & J.Mathew NeBIO 8(3): 130, figs. 1-2. 2017 [Sep 2017] (epublished) [wfo-1000035459]homotypic Vincetoxicum balakrishnanii (P.M.Salim & J.Mathew) Kottaim. Int. J. Curr. Res. Biosci. Pl. Biol. 6(10): 37. 2019 [wfo-1000034893] V. barbatum (R.Br.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0001103110]basionym Tylophora barbata R.Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. : 460 (1810) [wfo-0001102655] homotypic Hoya barbata (R.Br.) Spreng. Syst. Veg. 1: 843 (1824) [wfo-0001102098] synonym Hoya barbata (R.Br.) Spreng. Syst. Veg. 1: 843 (1824) [wfo-0001102098]basionym Tylophora barbata R.Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. : 460 (1810) [wfo-0001102655] homotypic Vincetoxicum barbatum (R.Br.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0001103110] synonym Tylophora barbata R.Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. : 460 (1810) [wfo-0001102655]homotypic Hoya barbata (R.Br.) Spreng. Syst. Veg. 1: 843 (1824) [wfo-0001102098] homotypic Vincetoxicum barbatum (R.Br.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0001103110] V. belostemma (Benth.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0000421642]synonym Belostemma hirsutum Wall. ex Wight Contr. Bot. India : 52 (1834) [wfo-0000562502] synonym Tylophora belostemma Benth. Gen. Pl. 2: 771 (1876) [wfo-0001102656] V. biglandulosum (Endl.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0000421639]synonym Hybanthera biglandulosa Endl. Prodr. Fl. Norfolk. : 59 (1833) [wfo-0000725975] synonym Tylophora acutipetala Guillaumin J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 51: 557 (1938) [wfo-0000411544] synonym Tylophora aneityensis Guillaumin J. Arnold Arbor. 13: 21 (1932) [wfo-0000411602] synonym Tylophora anisotomoides Schltr. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 39: 244 (1906) [wfo-0000411597] synonym Tylophora biglandulosa (Endl.) F.Muell. Fragm. 9: 71 (1875) [wfo-0000411591] synonym Tylophora brackenridgei A.Gray Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 5: 334 (1862) [wfo-0000411589] synonym Tylophora enervis F.Muell. Fragm. 9: 70 (1875) [wfo-0000411548] synonym Tylophora insulincola S.Moore J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 45: 317 (1921) [wfo-0000411568] synonym Tylophora tannaensis Guillaumin J. Arnold Arbor. 13: 22 (1932) [wfo-0000410724] synonym Tylophora tapeinogyne Schltr. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 39: 244 (1906) [wfo-0000410725] synonym Vincetoxicum enerve (F.Muell.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0000421745] V. bilobatum (P.I.Forst.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 135. 2018 [wfo-0001425408]synonym Tylophora bilobata P.I.Forst. Austral. Syst. Bot. 7: 492 (1994) [wfo-0000411593] V. biondioides (W.T.Wang) C.Y.Wu & D.Z.Li Acta Bot. Yunnan. 11: 48 (1989) [wfo-0001104853]basionym Cynanchum biondioides W.T.Wang Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12: 106 (1974) [wfo-0000632854] synonym Cynanchum biondioides W.T.Wang Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12: 106 (1974) [wfo-0000632854]homotypic Vincetoxicum biondioides (W.T.Wang) C.Y.Wu & D.Z.Li Acta Bot. Yunnan. 11: 48 (1989) [wfo-0001104853] V. brachystelmoides (P.I.Forst.) Liede Taxon 45: 205 (1996) [wfo-0001237972]basionym Cynanchum brachystelmoides P.I.Forst. Austrobaileya 2: 451 (1988) [wfo-0000632875] synonym Cynanchum brachystelmoides P.I.Forst. Austrobaileya 2: 451 (1988) [wfo-0000632875]homotypic Vincetoxicum brachystelmoides (P.I.Forst.) Liede Taxon 45: 205 (1996) [wfo-0001237972] V. bracteatum (Thunb.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 135. 2018 [wfo-0001425409]synonym Cynanchum bracteatum Thunb. Observ. Cynanch. : 7 (1821) [wfo-0000632877] synonym Cynanchum flavens Thunb. Observ. Cynanch. : 7 (1821) [wfo-0000633056] synonym Tylophora membranifolia Thwaites Enum. Pl. Zeyl. : 424 (1864) [wfo-0000411783] synonym Tylophora parviflora Wight Icon. Pl. Ind. Orient. 4: t. 1274 (1848) [wfo-0000411729] synonym Tylophora pauciflora Wight & Arn. Contr. Bot. India : 49 (1834) [wfo-0000411732] V. brassii (P.I.Forst.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 135. 2018 [wfo-0001425410]synonym Tylophora brassii P.I.Forst. Austral. Syst. Bot. 7: 498 (1994) [wfo-0000411606] V. brevipes (Turcz.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 135. 2018 [wfo-0001425411]synonym Amblyoglossum brevipes Turcz. Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 25(II): 311 (1852) [wfo-0000530719]homotypic Tylophora brevipes (Turcz.) Fern.-Vill. Fl. Filip., ed. 3, 4(13A): 134 (1880) [wfo-0001102658] synonym Tylophora brevipes (Turcz.) Fern.-Vill. Fl. Filip., ed. 3, 4(13A): 134 (1880) [wfo-0001102658]basionym Amblyoglossum brevipes Turcz. Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 25(II): 311 (1852) [wfo-0000530719] synonym Tylophora hybostemma Warb. Fragm. Fl. Philipp. 1: 125 (1904) [wfo-0000411583] V. brownii (Hayata) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 136. 2018 [wfo-0001425390]synonym Tylophora brownii Hayata J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 30(1): 195 (1911) [wfo-0001103980]homotypic Tylophora ovata var. brownii (Hayata) Y.Tsiang & P.T.Li Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12: 134 (1974) [wfo-0001104641] synonym Tylophora ovata var. brownii (Hayata) Y.Tsiang & P.T.Li Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12: 134 (1974) [wfo-0001104641]basionym Tylophora brownii Hayata J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 30(1): 195 (1911) [wfo-0001103980] V. bungei (G.Don) Cai F.Zhang & G.W.Hu Phytotaxa 664(3): 225 (2024) [wfo-1000075089]basionym Anantherix bungei G.Don Gen. Hist. 4: 146 (1837) [wfo-0000339518] synonym Anantherix bungei G.Don Gen. Hist. 4: 146 (1837) [wfo-0000339518]homotypic Vincetoxicum bungei (G.Don) Cai F.Zhang & G.W.Hu Phytotaxa 664(3): 225 (2024) [wfo-1000075089] synonym Asclepias paniculata Bunge Enum. Pl. China Bor. : 43 (1833) [wfo-0000551612]homotypic Cynanchum paniculatum (Bunge) Kitag. ex H.Hara Enum. Spermatophytarum Japon. 1: 153 (1948) [wfo-0000633439] homotypic Pycnostelma paniculatum (Bunge) K.Schum. Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4(2): 243 (1895) [wfo-0000392314] homotypic Vincetoxicum changqinianum P.T.Li J. S. China Agric. Univ. 12(3): 40 (1991) [wfo-0000421735] homotypic Vincetoxicum paniculatum (Bunge) C.Y.Wu & D.Z.Li Acta Bot. Yunnan. 11(1): 48. [wfo-1000075090] homotypic Vincetoxicum pycnostelma Kitag. J. Jap. Bot. 16: 19. 1940 (1940) [wfo-0000421013] synonym Cynanchum dubium Kitag. Rep. Inst. Sci. Res. Manchoukuo 3(App. 1): 363 (1939) [wfo-0000633014]basionym Pycnostelma leucanthum Kitag. Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 48: 105 (1934) [wfo-0000392331] homotypic Vincetoxicum mukdenense Kitag. J. Jap. Bot. 16: 20 (1940) [wfo-0000420917] synonym Cynanchum paniculatum (Bunge) Kitag. ex H.Hara Enum. Spermatophytarum Japon. 1: 153 (1948) [wfo-0000633439]basionym Asclepias paniculata Bunge Enum. Pl. China Bor. : 43 (1833) [wfo-0000551612] homotypic Pycnostelma paniculatum (Bunge) K.Schum. Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4(2): 243 (1895) [wfo-0000392314] homotypic Vincetoxicum changqinianum P.T.Li J. S. China Agric. Univ. 12(3): 40 (1991) [wfo-0000421735] homotypic Vincetoxicum paniculatum (Bunge) C.Y.Wu & D.Z.Li Acta Bot. Yunnan. 11(1): 48. [wfo-1000075090] homotypic Vincetoxicum pycnostelma Kitag. J. Jap. Bot. 16: 19. 1940 (1940) [wfo-0000421013] synonym Cynanchum paniculatum var. latifolium (Makino) Hara Enum. Spermatophytarum Japon. 1: 153 (1948) [wfo-1200107344]basionym Pycnostelma paniculatum var. latifolium Makino J. Jap. Bot. 3(5): 18. 1926 [wfo-1200019963] synonym Pycnostelma chinensis Bunge ex Decne. Prodr. 8: 512 (1844) [wfo-0000392310] synonym Pycnostelma leucanthum Kitag. Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 48: 105 (1934) [wfo-0000392331]homotypic Cynanchum dubium Kitag. Rep. Inst. Sci. Res. Manchoukuo 3(App. 1): 363 (1939) [wfo-0000633014] homotypic Vincetoxicum mukdenense Kitag. J. Jap. Bot. 16: 20 (1940) [wfo-0000420917] synonym Pycnostelma paniculatum (Bunge) K.Schum. Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4(2): 243 (1895) [wfo-0000392314]basionym Asclepias paniculata Bunge Enum. Pl. China Bor. : 43 (1833) [wfo-0000551612] homotypic Cynanchum paniculatum (Bunge) Kitag. ex H.Hara Enum. Spermatophytarum Japon. 1: 153 (1948) [wfo-0000633439] homotypic Vincetoxicum changqinianum P.T.Li J. S. China Agric. Univ. 12(3): 40 (1991) [wfo-0000421735] homotypic Vincetoxicum paniculatum (Bunge) C.Y.Wu & D.Z.Li Acta Bot. Yunnan. 11(1): 48. [wfo-1000075090] homotypic Vincetoxicum pycnostelma Kitag. J. Jap. Bot. 16: 19. 1940 (1940) [wfo-0000421013] synonym Pycnostelma paniculatum var. hirsutum Pamp. Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. n.s., 17: 697. 1910 [wfo-1200020052] synonym Pycnostelma paniculatum var. latifolium Makino J. Jap. Bot. 3(5): 18. 1926 [wfo-1200019963]homotypic Cynanchum paniculatum var. latifolium (Makino) Hara Enum. Spermatophytarum Japon. 1: 153 (1948) [wfo-1200107344] synonym Vincetoxicum changqinianum P.T.Li J. S. China Agric. Univ. 12(3): 40 (1991) [wfo-0000421735]basionym Asclepias paniculata Bunge Enum. Pl. China Bor. : 43 (1833) [wfo-0000551612] homotypic Cynanchum paniculatum (Bunge) Kitag. ex H.Hara Enum. Spermatophytarum Japon. 1: 153 (1948) [wfo-0000633439] homotypic Pycnostelma paniculatum (Bunge) K.Schum. Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4(2): 243 (1895) [wfo-0000392314] homotypic Vincetoxicum paniculatum (Bunge) C.Y.Wu & D.Z.Li Acta Bot. Yunnan. 11(1): 48. [wfo-1000075090] homotypic Vincetoxicum pycnostelma Kitag. J. Jap. Bot. 16: 19. 1940 (1940) [wfo-0000421013] synonym Vincetoxicum makinoi Honda Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 55: 201 (1941) [wfo-0000420969] synonym Vincetoxicum mukdenense Kitag. J. Jap. Bot. 16: 20 (1940) [wfo-0000420917]basionym Pycnostelma leucanthum Kitag. Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 48: 105 (1934) [wfo-0000392331] homotypic Cynanchum dubium Kitag. Rep. Inst. Sci. Res. Manchoukuo 3(App. 1): 363 (1939) [wfo-0000633014] synonym Vincetoxicum paniculatum (Bunge) C.Y.Wu & D.Z.Li Acta Bot. Yunnan. 11(1): 48. [wfo-1000075090]basionym Asclepias paniculata Bunge Enum. Pl. China Bor. : 43 (1833) [wfo-0000551612] homotypic Cynanchum paniculatum (Bunge) Kitag. ex H.Hara Enum. Spermatophytarum Japon. 1: 153 (1948) [wfo-0000633439] homotypic Pycnostelma paniculatum (Bunge) K.Schum. Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4(2): 243 (1895) [wfo-0000392314] homotypic Vincetoxicum changqinianum P.T.Li J. S. China Agric. Univ. 12(3): 40 (1991) [wfo-0000421735] homotypic Vincetoxicum pycnostelma Kitag. J. Jap. Bot. 16: 19. 1940 (1940) [wfo-0000421013] synonym Vincetoxicum pycnostelma Kitag. J. Jap. Bot. 16: 19. 1940 (1940) [wfo-0000421013]basionym Asclepias paniculata Bunge Enum. Pl. China Bor. : 43 (1833) [wfo-0000551612] homotypic Cynanchum paniculatum (Bunge) Kitag. ex H.Hara Enum. Spermatophytarum Japon. 1: 153 (1948) [wfo-0000633439] homotypic Pycnostelma paniculatum (Bunge) K.Schum. Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4(2): 243 (1895) [wfo-0000392314] homotypic Vincetoxicum changqinianum P.T.Li J. S. China Agric. Univ. 12(3): 40 (1991) [wfo-0000421735] homotypic Vincetoxicum paniculatum (Bunge) C.Y.Wu & D.Z.Li Acta Bot. Yunnan. 11(1): 48. [wfo-1000075090] V. cabulicum Bornm. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 66(2): 233, in syn. 1934 [25 Jan 1934] [wfo-0001348672] V. calcareum (H.Ohashi) Akasawa Bull. Kochi Women's Univ., Ser. Nat. Sci. 29: 3 1981 [wfo-1200097355]synonym Cynanchum ascyrifolium var. calcareum (H.Ohashi) T.Yamaz. Fl. Jap. (Iwatsuki et al., eds.) 3a: 171. 1993 [wfo-0001390290] synonym Cynanchum calcareum H.Ohashi J. Jap. Bot. 41: 252 (1966) [wfo-0000632892]homotypic Vincetoxicum calcareum (H.Ohashi) Liede Taxon 45: 205 (1996) [wfo-0001237973] synonym Vincetoxicum calcareum (H.Ohashi) Liede Taxon 45: 205 (1996) [wfo-0001237973]basionym Cynanchum calcareum H.Ohashi J. Jap. Bot. 41: 252 (1966) [wfo-0000632892] V. cambodiense Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 136. 2018 [wfo-0001425388]synonym Vincetoxicopsis harmandii Costantin Fl. Indo-Chine 4: 104 (1912) [wfo-0000421846] V. cameroonicum (N.E.Br.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 136. 2018 [wfo-0001425403]synonym Tylophora cameroonica N.E.Br. Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1895: 257 (1895) [wfo-0000411628] synonym Tylophora glauca Bullock Kew Bull. 9: 585 (1954 publ. 1955) [wfo-0001104543] V. canescens (Willd.) Decne. Prodr. 8: 523 (1844) [wfo-0000421658]basionym Asclepias canescens Willd. Neue Schriften Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin 3: 418 (1801) [wfo-0000551177] homotypic Antitoxicum canescens (Willd.) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 694 (1952) [wfo-0000340292] homotypic Cynanchum canescens (Willd.) K.Schum. Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4(2): 252 (1895) [wfo-0000632900] synonym Antitoxicum canescens (Willd.) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 694 (1952) [wfo-0000340292]basionym Asclepias canescens Willd. Neue Schriften Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin 3: 418 (1801) [wfo-0000551177] homotypic Cynanchum canescens (Willd.) K.Schum. Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4(2): 252 (1895) [wfo-0000632900] homotypic Vincetoxicum canescens (Willd.) Decne. Prodr. 8: 523 (1844) [wfo-0000421658] synonym Asclepias canescens Willd. Neue Schriften Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin 3: 418 (1801) [wfo-0000551177]homotypic Antitoxicum canescens (Willd.) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 694 (1952) [wfo-0000340292] homotypic Cynanchum canescens (Willd.) K.Schum. Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4(2): 252 (1895) [wfo-0000632900] homotypic Vincetoxicum canescens (Willd.) Decne. Prodr. 8: 523 (1844) [wfo-0000421658] synonym Cynanchum canescens (Willd.) K.Schum. Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4(2): 252 (1895) [wfo-0000632900]basionym Asclepias canescens Willd. Neue Schriften Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin 3: 418 (1801) [wfo-0000551177] homotypic Antitoxicum canescens (Willd.) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 694 (1952) [wfo-0000340292] homotypic Vincetoxicum canescens (Willd.) Decne. Prodr. 8: 523 (1844) [wfo-0000421658] V. canescens subsp. canescens Unknown [wfo-0001425931]synonym Vincetoxicum anatolicum Boiss. Diagn. Pl. Orient. 4: 39 (1844) [wfo-0000421677] V. canescens subsp. pedunculata Browicz Fragm. Florist. Geobot. 21: 265 (1975) [wfo-0001363667] V. capparidifolium (Wight & Arn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0001103112]basionym Tylophora capparidifolia Wight & Arn. Contr. Bot. India : 51 (1834) [wfo-0001102661] synonym Asclepias tenuis Hook.f. Fl. Brit. India 4: 41 (1883) [wfo-0000551814] synonym Tylophora capparidifolia Wight & Arn. Contr. Bot. India : 51 (1834) [wfo-0001102661]homotypic Vincetoxicum capparidifolium (Wight & Arn.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0001103112] V. cardiostephanum (Rech.f.) Rech.f. Fl. Iranica 73: 14 (1970) [wfo-0001104301]basionym Cynanchum cardiostephanum Rech.f. Anz. Österr. Akad. Wiss., Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 105: 241 (1969) [wfo-0000632905] synonym Cynanchum cardiostephanum Rech.f. Anz. Österr. Akad. Wiss., Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 105: 241 (1969) [wfo-0000632905]homotypic Vincetoxicum cardiostephanum (Rech.f.) Rech.f. Fl. Iranica 73: 14 (1970) [wfo-0001104301] V. carnosum (R.Br.) Benth. Fl. Austral. 4: 331 (1868) [wfo-0001102708]basionym Oxystelma carnosum R.Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. : 462 (1810) [wfo-0001240025] homotypic Ischnostemma carnosum (R.Br.) Merr. & Rolfe Philipp. J. Sci., C 3: 121 (1908) [wfo-0001240026] synonym Cynanchum carnosum (R.Br.) Schltr. Fragm. Fl. Philipp. 1: 120 (1904) [wfo-0000632912] synonym Ischnostemma carnosum (R.Br.) Merr. & Rolfe Philipp. J. Sci., C 3: 121 (1908) [wfo-0001240026]basionym Oxystelma carnosum R.Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. : 462 (1810) [wfo-0001240025] homotypic Vincetoxicum carnosum (R.Br.) Benth. Fl. Austral. 4: 331 (1868) [wfo-0001102708] synonym Ischnostemma selangorica King & Gamble J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 74: 532 (1908) [wfo-0000732453] synonym Oxystelma carnosum R.Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. : 462 (1810) [wfo-0001240025]homotypic Ischnostemma carnosum (R.Br.) Merr. & Rolfe Philipp. J. Sci., C 3: 121 (1908) [wfo-0001240026] homotypic Vincetoxicum carnosum (R.Br.) Benth. Fl. Austral. 4: 331 (1868) [wfo-0001102708] synonym Pentatropis novoguineensis Valeton Bull. Dép. Agric. Indes Néerl. 10: 49 (1907) [wfo-0001103445] synonym Pentatropis oblongifolia (Costantin) Liede Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 114: 91 (1994) [wfo-0001251982]basionym Pseudopentatropis oblongifolia Costantin Fl. Indo-Chine 4: 62 (1912) [wfo-0001103953] synonym Pseudopentatropis oblongifolia Costantin Fl. Indo-Chine 4: 62 (1912) [wfo-0001103953]homotypic Pentatropis oblongifolia (Costantin) Liede Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 114: 91 (1994) [wfo-0001251982] V. cernuum (Decne.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 137. 2018 [wfo-0001425382]synonym Astephanus arenarius Decne. Prodr. 8: 507 (1844) [wfo-0000552534] synonym Astephanus cernuus Decne. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 9: 342 (1838) [wfo-0000552538]homotypic Microstephanus cernuus (Decne.) N.E.Br. Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1895: 249 (1895) [wfo-0001102854] homotypic Pleurostelma cernuum (Decne.) Bullock Kew Bull. 10: 612 (1955 publ. 1956) [wfo-0001104555] synonym Astephanus ovatus Decne. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 9: 342 (1838) [wfo-0000552573] synonym Astephanus recurvatus Klotzsch Naturw. Reise Mossambique 6(1): 274 (1861) [wfo-0000552578] synonym Microstephanus cernuus (Decne.) N.E.Br. Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1895: 249 (1895) [wfo-0001102854]basionym Astephanus cernuus Decne. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 9: 342 (1838) [wfo-0000552538] homotypic Pleurostelma cernuum (Decne.) Bullock Kew Bull. 10: 612 (1955 publ. 1956) [wfo-0001104555] synonym Periploca ovata Poir. ex Decne. Prodr. 8: 508 (1844) [wfo-0000392156] synonym Pleurostelma cernuum (Decne.) Bullock Kew Bull. 10: 612 (1955 publ. 1956) [wfo-0001104555]basionym Astephanus cernuus Decne. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 9: 342 (1838) [wfo-0000552538] homotypic Microstephanus cernuus (Decne.) N.E.Br. Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1895: 249 (1895) [wfo-0001102854] synonym Pleurostelma grevei Baill. Hist. Pl. 10: 266 (1890) [wfo-0001102882] V. chekiangense (M.Cheng) C.Y.Wu & D.Z.Li Acta Bot. Yunnan. 11: 48 (1989) [wfo-0001104854]basionym Cynanchum chekiangense M.Cheng Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12: 101 (1974) [wfo-0000632924] synonym Cynanchum chekiangense M.Cheng Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12: 101 (1974) [wfo-0000632924]homotypic Vincetoxicum chekiangense (M.Cheng) C.Y.Wu & D.Z.Li Acta Bot. Yunnan. 11: 48 (1989) [wfo-0001104854] V. chingtungense (Tsiang & P.T.Li) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 137. 2018 [wfo-0001425383]synonym Tylophora chingtungensis Y.Tsiang & P.T.Li Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12: 141 (1974) [wfo-0001104635] V. christinae (P.I.Forst.) Liede Taxon 45: 205 (1996) [wfo-0001237974]basionym Cynanchum christineae P.I.Forst. Austrobaileya 3: 112 (1989) [wfo-0000632933] synonym Cynanchum christineae P.I.Forst. Austrobaileya 3: 112 (1989) [wfo-0000632933]homotypic Vincetoxicum christinae (P.I.Forst.) Liede Taxon 45: 205 (1996) [wfo-0001237974] V. cinerascens (R.Br.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 137. 2018 [wfo-0001425384]synonym Marsdenia cinerascens R.Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. : 461 (1810) [wfo-0001102179]homotypic Pergularia cinerascens (R.Br.) Spreng. Syst. Veg. 1: 844 (1824) [wfo-0001102342] homotypic Tylophora cinerascens (R.Br.) P.I.Forst. Austral. Syst. Bot. 5: 34 (1992) [wfo-0001240931] synonym Pergularia cinerascens (R.Br.) Spreng. Syst. Veg. 1: 844 (1824) [wfo-0001102342]basionym Marsdenia cinerascens R.Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. : 461 (1810) [wfo-0001102179] homotypic Tylophora cinerascens (R.Br.) P.I.Forst. Austral. Syst. Bot. 5: 34 (1992) [wfo-0001240931] synonym Tylophora cinerascens (R.Br.) P.I.Forst. Austral. Syst. Bot. 5: 34 (1992) [wfo-0001240931]basionym Marsdenia cinerascens R.Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. : 461 (1810) [wfo-0001102179] homotypic Pergularia cinerascens (R.Br.) Spreng. Syst. Veg. 1: 844 (1824) [wfo-0001102342] V. cissodes (Blume) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0000421740]synonym Tylophora cissoides Blume Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. : 1061 (1826) [wfo-0000411608] synonym Tylophora kenejiana Schltr. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 50: 154 (1913) [wfo-0000411576] synonym Tylophora perakensis King & Gamble J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 74: 555 (1907) [wfo-0000411735] synonym Tylophora treubiana Schltr. Beibl. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 92: 5 (1908) [wfo-0000410751] V. clemensiae (Schltr.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 138. 2018 [wfo-0001425385]synonym Tylophora clemensiae Schltr. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 562 (1915) [wfo-0000411609] V. coddii (Bullock) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 138. 2018 [wfo-0001425386]synonym Tylophora coddii Bullock Fl. Pl. Africa 36: t. 1435 (1964) [wfo-0001103867] V. coloratum (C.T.White) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 138. 2018 [wfo-0001425387]synonym Tylophora colorata C.T.White Proc. Roy. Soc. Queensland 47: 71 (1935 publ. 1936) [wfo-0000411612] V. confusum Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 138. 2018 [wfo-0001425397]synonym Cynanchum indicum (Lam.) Lam. Encycl. 2: 236 (1786) [wfo-0000633179] synonym Cynanchum laevigatum Vahl ex Decne. Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 8: 612. 1844 [mid Mar 1844] [wfo-0001102760] synonym Cynanchum mauritianum Bojer Hort. Maurit. ex Decne. in DC. Prod. 8: 612. 1844 [mid Mar 1844] [wfo-0000633317] synonym Tylophora coriacea Marais Kew Bull. 40: 206 (1985) [wfo-0000411556] synonym Tylophora laevigata Decne. Prodr. 8: 612 (1844) [wfo-0000411571] V. congolanum (Baill.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 139. 2018 [wfo-0001425389]synonym Nanostelma congolana Baill. Hist. Pl. 10: 248 (1890) [wfo-0001102855] synonym Tylophora congolana (Baill.) Bullock Kew Bull. 9: 585 (1954 publ. 1955) [wfo-0000411614] synonym Tylophora orthocaulis K.Schum. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 23: 235 (1896) [wfo-0000411726] V. conspicuum (N.E.Br.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 139. 2018 [wfo-0001425381]synonym Tylophora conspicua N.E.Br. Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1895: 257 (1895) [wfo-0000411615] synonym Tylophora zenkeri Schltr. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 38: 52 (1905) [wfo-0001103376] V. cordatum (R.Br. ex Roem. & Schult.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 139. 2018 [wfo-0001425391]synonym Apocynum cordatum Thunb. Prodr. Pl. Cap. : 47 (1794) [wfo-0000244553]homotypic Tylophora cordigera P.T.Li J. S. China Agric. Univ. 14(1): 54 (1993) [wfo-0000411586] synonym Apocynum cordifolium Ten. ex Steud. Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 113 (1840) [wfo-0000244575] synonym Astephanus cordatus R.Br. ex Schult. Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis 6: 123 (1820) [wfo-0000552540] synonym Tylophora cordata (R.Br. ex Schult.) Druce Rep. Bot. Soc. Exch. Club Brit. Isles 1916: 651 (1917) [wfo-0001103868] synonym Tylophora cordigera P.T.Li J. S. China Agric. Univ. 14(1): 54 (1993) [wfo-0000411586]basionym Apocynum cordatum Thunb. Prodr. Pl. Cap. : 47 (1794) [wfo-0000244553] synonym Tylophora syringaefolia E.Mey. Comm. Pl. Afr. Austr. 198–9 1838 [wfo-0001102685] synonym Tylophora syringifolia E.Mey. Comm. Pl. Afr. Austr. : 198 (1838) [wfo-0000410723] synonym Vincetoxicum syringifolium (E.Mey.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 425 (1891) [wfo-0000420987] V. cordifolium (Thwaites) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0000421736]synonym Tylophora cordifolia Thwaites Enum. Pl. Zeyl. : 196 (1860) [wfo-0000411617] synonym Tylophora thwaitesii K.Schum. Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4(2): 286 (1895) [wfo-0000410748] V. coriaceum (Schltr.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 140. 2018 [wfo-0001425392]basionym Pentarrhinum coriaceum Schltr. J. Bot. 32: 257 (1894) [wfo-0001102861] synonym Pentarrhinum coriaceum Schltr. J. Bot. 32: 257 (1894) [wfo-0001102861]homotypic Vincetoxicum coriaceum (Schltr.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 140. 2018 [wfo-0001425392] V. coskuncelebianus Makbul & Güven Phytotaxa 547(2): 217. 2022 [wfo-1000031140]synonym Vincetoxicum anatolicum Güven, Makbul & Coșkunç. Nordic J. Bot. 39(12)-e03405: 4. 2021 [wfo-1000029437] synonym Vincetoxicum coskuncelebianum Makbul & Güven Phytotaxa 547:217 (2022) [wfo-1000080167] V. costantinianum (Tsiang) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 140. 2018 [wfo-0001425393]synonym Cynanchum costantinianum Tsiang Sunyatsenia 4: 119 (1939) [wfo-0000632957]homotypic Tylophora costantiniana (Tsiang) M.G.Gilbert, W.D.Stevens & P.T.Li Novon 5: 13 (1995) [wfo-0001231578] synonym Cynanchum hirsutum Costantin Fl. Indo-Chine 4: 66 (1912) [wfo-0000633155] synonym Tylophora costantiniana (Tsiang) M.G.Gilbert, W.D.Stevens & P.T.Li Novon 5: 13 (1995) [wfo-0001231578]basionym Cynanchum costantinianum Tsiang Sunyatsenia 4: 119 (1939) [wfo-0000632957] V. crassifolium (Zipp. ex Decne.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0001103113]basionym Tylophora crassifolia Zipp. ex Decne. Prodr. 8: 612 (1844) [wfo-0001102663] synonym Tylophora crassifolia Zipp. ex Decne. Prodr. 8: 612 (1844) [wfo-0001102663]homotypic Vincetoxicum crassifolium (Zipp. ex Decne.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0001103113] V. crassipes (M.G.Gilbert & P.T.Li) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 141. 2018 [wfo-0001425394]synonym Biondia crassipes M.G.Gilbert & P.T.Li Novon 5: 2 (1995) [wfo-0000565413] V. creticum Browicz Fragm. Florist. Geobot. 21: 262 (1975) [wfo-0000421733]synonym Cynanchum luteum Spreng. Syst. Veg. 1: 852 (1824) [wfo-0000633276] V. cycleoides (Tsiang) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 141. 2018 [wfo-0001425395]synonym Tylophora cycleoides Tsiang Sunyatsenia 3: 224 (1936) [wfo-0001104455] V. dahomense (K.Schum.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 141. 2018 [wfo-0001425396]synonym Tylophora dahomensis K.Schum. ex Schltr. Westafr. Kautschuk-Exped. 309, nomen. [wfo-0000411561] synonym Tylophora dahomensis K.Schum. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 329 1903 [wfo-0001103371] V. dalatense (S.Moore) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 141. 2018 [wfo-0001425380]synonym Tylophora dalatensis S.Moore J. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam 4: 150 (1921) [wfo-0000411563] V. dalzellii (Hook.f.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0000421748]synonym Tylophora dalzellii Hook.f. Fl. Brit. India 4: 43 (1883) [wfo-0000411564] V. darvasicum B.Fedtsch. Consp. Fl. Turkest. 5: 15 (1913) [wfo-0001103990]synonym Alexitoxicon darvasicum (B.Fedtsch.) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338229] synonym Antitoxicum darvasicum (B.Fedtsch.) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 693 (1952) [wfo-0000340294] synonym Cynanchum darvasicum (B.Fedtsch.) Kamelin Florogenet. Anal. Estest. Fl. Gorn. Sred. Azii 101 (1973) [wfo-0000632978] synonym Cynanchum darwasicum B.Fedtsch. Rastit. Turkest. 652 (1915), nomen. [wfo-0001103909] V. dionysiense Mouterde Fl. Djebel Druze : 164 (1953) [wfo-0000421764] V. diplostigma Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 142. 2018 [wfo-0001425330]synonym Diplostigma canescens K.Schum. Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas, C: 324 (1895) [wfo-0000650379] V. doianum (Koidz.) Kitag. J. Jap. Bot. 34: 363 (1959) [wfo-0001104292]basionym Cynanchum doianum Koidz. Fl. Satsum. 2: 105 (1931) [wfo-0000633010] synonym Cynanchum doianum Koidz. Fl. Satsum. 2: 105 (1931) [wfo-0000633010]homotypic Vincetoxicum doianum (Koidz.) Kitag. J. Jap. Bot. 34: 363 (1959) [wfo-0001104292] V. donetzicum Ostapko Ukrayins'k. Bot. Zhurn. 52: 273 (1995) [wfo-0000421760] V. dorgelonis (Bakh.f.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 142. 2018 [wfo-0001425331]synonym Tylophora dorgelonis Bakh.f. Blumea 6: 375 (1950) [wfo-0000411562] V. elmeri (Schltr.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 142. 2018 [wfo-0001425332]synonym Tylophora elmeri Schltr. Philipp. J. Sci. 1(Suppl.): 296 (1906) [wfo-0000411546] synonym Tylophora ramosii Schltr. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 563 (1915) [wfo-0000411723] V. emeiense Si Y.Zeng & Q.Y.Yang Phytotaxa 505(1): 59. 2021 [wfo-1000029367] V. erectum (F.Muell. ex Benth.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0000421746]synonym Tylophora erecta F.Muell. ex Benth. Fl. Austral. 4: 334 (1868) [wfo-0000411549] synonym Tylophora macrophylla Benth. Fl. Austral. 4: 334 (1868) [wfo-0000411782] synonym Tylophora stelligera Schltr. Beibl. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 92: 5 (1908) [wfo-0000410720] synonym Vincetoxicum benthamianum Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0000421643] V. exile (Colebr.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0000421751]synonym Gymnema pubigerum Decne. Prodr. 8: 609 (1844) [wfo-0000712273] synonym Pergularia exilis (Colebr.) Spreng. Syst. Veg. 1: 844 (1824) [wfo-0001102345]basionym Tylophora exilis Colebr. Trans. Linn. Soc. London 12: 358 (1819) [wfo-0001102665] synonym Tylophora exilis Colebr. Trans. Linn. Soc. London 12: 358 (1819) [wfo-0001102665]homotypic Pergularia exilis (Colebr.) Spreng. Syst. Veg. 1: 844 (1824) [wfo-0001102345] V. fasciculatum (Buch.-Ham. ex Wight) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0000421752]synonym Pentasacme fasciculatum (Buch.-Ham. ex Wight) M.R.Almeida Fl. Maharashtra 3A: 253 (2001) [wfo-0000392228]basionym Tylophora fasciculata Buch.-Ham. ex Wight Contr. Bot. India : 50 (1834) [wfo-0000411545] synonym Tylophora fasciculata Buch.-Ham. ex Wight Contr. Bot. India : 50 (1834) [wfo-0000411545]homotypic Pentasacme fasciculatum (Buch.-Ham. ex Wight) M.R.Almeida Fl. Maharashtra 3A: 253 (2001) [wfo-0000392228] V. flanaganii (Schltr.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 143. 2018 [wfo-0001425333]synonym Tylophora flanaganii Schltr. Beibl. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 45: 11 (1894) [wfo-0001103081] V. flavum Ostapko Ukrayins'k. Bot. Zhurn. 52: 275 (1995) [wfo-0000421755] V. fleckii (Schltr.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 143. 2018 [wfo-0001425334]synonym Tylophora fleckii (Schltr.) N.E.Br. Fl. Cap. 4(1): 766 (1908) [wfo-0001103869]basionym Tylophoropsis fleckii Schltr. Bull. Herb. Boissier 7: 39 (1899) [wfo-0001103272] synonym Tylophoropsis fleckii Schltr. Bull. Herb. Boissier 7: 39 (1899) [wfo-0001103272]homotypic Tylophora fleckii (Schltr.) N.E.Br. Fl. Cap. 4(1): 766 (1908) [wfo-0001103869] V. flexuosum (R.Br.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0001103115]basionym Tylophora flexuosa R.Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. : 460 (1810) [wfo-0001102666] homotypic Hoya flexuosa (R.Br.) Spreng. Syst. Veg. 1: 843 (1824) [wfo-0001102103] synonym Hoya flexuosa (R.Br.) Spreng. Syst. Veg. 1: 843 (1824) [wfo-0001102103]basionym Tylophora flexuosa R.Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. : 460 (1810) [wfo-0001102666] homotypic Vincetoxicum flexuosum (R.Br.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0001103115] synonym Tylophora flexuosa R.Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. : 460 (1810) [wfo-0001102666]homotypic Hoya flexuosa (R.Br.) Spreng. Syst. Veg. 1: 843 (1824) [wfo-0001102103] homotypic Vincetoxicum flexuosum (R.Br.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0001103115] V. flexuosum var. perrottetianum (Decne.) Schneidt, Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 144. 2018 [wfo-0001426255]synonym Cynanchum tenellum Blanco Fl. Filip. : 204 (1837) [wfo-0000633656] synonym Oxystelma bifidum Llanos Fragm. Pl. Filip. : 64 (1851) [wfo-0000384890] synonym Secamone macrostachya Turcz. Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 21(I): 252 (1848) [wfo-0000431683] synonym Tylophora bifida (Llanos) Fern.-Vill. Fl. Filip., ed. 3, 4(13A): 134 (1880) [wfo-0000411590] synonym Tylophora luzonica Schltr. Philipp. J. Sci. 1(Suppl.): 296 (1906) [wfo-0000411779] synonym Tylophora merrillii Schltr. Philipp. J. Sci. 1(Suppl.): 297 (1906) [wfo-0001103897] synonym Tylophora perrottetiana Decne. Prodr. 8: 609 (1844) [wfo-0000411730] synonym Tylophora rizalensis Schltr. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 563 (1915) [wfo-0000411743] synonym Tylophora whitfordii Schltr. Philipp. J. Sci. 1(Suppl.): 297 (1906) [wfo-0000410740] synonym Vincetoxicum perrottetianum (Decne.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 425 (1891) [wfo-0000421017] V. flexuosum var. tenuis (Blume) Schneidt, Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 144. 2018 [wfo-0001426254]synonym Asclepias tetrapetala Dennst. Schlüssel Hortus Malab. : 35 (1818) [wfo-0000551817] synonym Hoyopsis dielsii H.Lév. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 262 (1914) [wfo-0001104786]homotypic Tylophora dielsii (H.Lév.) Hu J. Arnold Arbor. 5: 232 (1924) [wfo-0001104277] synonym Tylophora carnosa Wall. ex Wight Contr. Bot. India : 49 (1834) [wfo-0001102662] synonym Tylophora dielsii (H.Lév.) Hu J. Arnold Arbor. 5: 232 (1924) [wfo-0001104277]basionym Hoyopsis dielsii H.Lév. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 262 (1914) [wfo-0001104786] synonym Tylophora hoyopsis H.Lév. Fl. Kouy-Tchéou : 44 (1914) [wfo-0000411582] synonym Tylophora perlaxa Schltr. Beibl. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 92: 3 (1908) [wfo-0000411719] synonym Tylophora polyantha Volkens Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 31: 473 (1901) [wfo-0000411725] synonym Tylophora schmidtii Schltr. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 3: 315 (1907) [wfo-0000410731] synonym Tylophora tenuis Blume Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. : 1062 (1826) [wfo-0001102688] synonym Tylophora tenuissima (Roxb. ex Willd.) Wight & Arn. Contr. Bot. India : 49 (1834) [wfo-0001102689] synonym Tylophora tetrapetala (Dennst.) Suresh Interpr. Van Rheedes Hort. Malab. : 64 (1988) [wfo-0001104709] synonym Tylophora tetrapetala var. tenuissima (Roxb. ex Willd.) Swarupan. Blumea 38(1): 234. 1993 [18 Nov 1993] [wfo-0001390173] synonym Vincetoxicum tenue (Blume) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 423 (1891) [wfo-0001103121] V. floribundum (Miq.) Franch. & Sav. Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 444 (1878) [wfo-0001102709]basionym Tylophora floribunda Miq. Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 2: 128 (1866) [wfo-0001102667] synonym Tylophora chungii Merr. ex Metcalf Lingnan Sci. J. 11: 264 (1932) [wfo-0001104400] synonym Tylophora floribunda Miq. Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 2: 128 (1866) [wfo-0001102667]homotypic Vincetoxicum floribundum (Miq.) Franch. & Sav. Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 444 (1878) [wfo-0001102709] synonym Tylophora nikoensis (Franch. & Sav.) Matsum. Index Pl. Jap. 2(2): 515 (1912) [wfo-0001103983]basionym Vincetoxicum nikoense Franch. & Sav. Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 445 (1878) [wfo-0001102727] synonym Tylophora shikokiana Matsum. ex Nakai J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 31: 91 (1911) [wfo-0001103986] synonym Vincetoxicum nikoense Franch. & Sav. Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 445 (1878) [wfo-0001102727]homotypic Tylophora nikoensis (Franch. & Sav.) Matsum. Index Pl. Jap. 2(2): 515 (1912) [wfo-0001103983] V. fordii (Hemsl.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0001103098]basionym Cynanchum fordii Hemsl. J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 106 (1889) [wfo-0000633065] synonym Cynanchum fordii Hemsl. J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 106 (1889) [wfo-0000633065]homotypic Vincetoxicum fordii (Hemsl.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0001103098] V. forrestii (Schltr.) C.Y.Wu & D.Z.Li Acta Bot. Yunnan. 11: 46 (1989) [wfo-0001104839]basionym Cynanchum forrestii Schltr. Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 8: 15 (1913) [wfo-0000633069] synonym Cynanchum balfourianum (Schltr.) Tsiang & H.D.Zhang Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12: 93 (1974) [wfo-0000632836] synonym Cynanchum forrestii Schltr. Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 8: 15 (1913) [wfo-0000633069]homotypic Vincetoxicum forrestii (Schltr.) C.Y.Wu & D.Z.Li Acta Bot. Yunnan. 11: 46 (1989) [wfo-0001104839] synonym Cynanchum forrestii var. conduplicatum Jian Wang & F.Du Acta Bot. Boreal.-Occid. Sin. 32(3): 616. 2012 [Mar 2012] [wfo-0001384439] synonym Cynanchum forrestii var. stenolobum Tsiang & H.D.Zhang Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12: 93 (1974) [wfo-0000633072]homotypic Vincetoxicum forrestii var. stenolobum (Tsiang & H.D.Zhang) C.Y.Wu & D.Z.Li Acta Bot. Yunnan. 11: 47 (1989) [wfo-0001104841] synonym Cynanchum limprichtii Schltr. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 12: 470 (1922) [wfo-0000633254]homotypic Vincetoxicum limprichtii (Schltr.) C.Y.Wu & D.Z.Li Acta Bot. Yunnan. 11: 47 (1989) [wfo-0001104844] synonym Cynanchum muliense Tsiang Sunyatsenia 4: 117 (1939) [wfo-0000633367]homotypic Vincetoxicum muliense (Tsiang) C.Y.Wu & D.Z.Li Acta Bot. Yunnan. 11: 46 (1989) [wfo-0001104842] synonym Cynanchum steppicola Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: 994 (1936) [wfo-0000633618]homotypic Vincetoxicum steppicola (Hand.-Mazz.) C.Y.Wu & D.Z.Li Acta Bot. Yunnan. 11: 47 (1989) [wfo-0001104843] synonym Vincetoxicum balfourianum (Schltr.) C.Y.Wu & D.Z.Li Acta Bot. Yunnan. 11: 46 (1989) [wfo-0001104840] synonym Vincetoxicum forrestii var. stenolobum (Tsiang & H.D.Zhang) C.Y.Wu & D.Z.Li Acta Bot. Yunnan. 11: 47 (1989) [wfo-0001104841]basionym Cynanchum forrestii var. stenolobum Tsiang & H.D.Zhang Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12: 93 (1974) [wfo-0000633072] synonym Vincetoxicum limprichtii (Schltr.) C.Y.Wu & D.Z.Li Acta Bot. Yunnan. 11: 47 (1989) [wfo-0001104844]basionym Cynanchum limprichtii Schltr. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 12: 470 (1922) [wfo-0000633254] synonym Vincetoxicum muliense (Tsiang) C.Y.Wu & D.Z.Li Acta Bot. Yunnan. 11: 46 (1989) [wfo-0001104842]basionym Cynanchum muliense Tsiang Sunyatsenia 4: 117 (1939) [wfo-0000633367] synonym Vincetoxicum steppicola (Hand.-Mazz.) C.Y.Wu & D.Z.Li Acta Bot. Yunnan. 11: 47 (1989) [wfo-0001104843]basionym Cynanchum steppicola Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: 994 (1936) [wfo-0000633618] V. forsteri Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 145. 2018 [wfo-0001425337]synonym Tylophora linearis P.I.Forst. Austral. Syst. Bot. 5: 31 (1992) [wfo-0000411139] V. fruticulosum (Decne.) Decne. Prodr. 8: 525 (1844) [wfo-0001102711]basionym Cynanchum fruticulosum Decne. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 9: 332 (1838) [wfo-0000633077] homotypic Blyttia arabica Arn. Mag. Zool. Bot. 2: 420 (1838) [wfo-0000567011] homotypic Blyttia fruticulosa (Decne.) D.V.Field Kew Bull. 38: 216 (1983) [wfo-0000567012] synonym Blyttia fruticulosa (Decne.) D.V.Field Kew Bull. 38: 216 (1983) [wfo-0000567012]basionym Cynanchum fruticulosum Decne. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 9: 332 (1838) [wfo-0000633077] homotypic Blyttia arabica Arn. Mag. Zool. Bot. 2: 420 (1838) [wfo-0000567011] homotypic Vincetoxicum fruticulosum (Decne.) Decne. Prodr. 8: 525 (1844) [wfo-0001102711] synonym Cynanchum defoliascens K.Schum. Annuario Reale Ist. Bot. Roma 7: 38 (1897) [wfo-0000632991] synonym Cynanchum fruticulosum Decne. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 9: 332 (1838) [wfo-0000633077]homotypic Blyttia arabica Arn. Mag. Zool. Bot. 2: 420 (1838) [wfo-0000567011] homotypic Blyttia fruticulosa (Decne.) D.V.Field Kew Bull. 38: 216 (1983) [wfo-0000567012] homotypic Vincetoxicum fruticulosum (Decne.) Decne. Prodr. 8: 525 (1844) [wfo-0001102711] synonym Cynanchum microstegium K.Schum. Annuario Reale Ist. Bot. Roma 7: 39 (1897) [wfo-0000633342] synonym Haplostemma arabicum Endl. ex Decne. Prodr. 8: 665 (1844) [wfo-0000715641] V. funebre Boiss. & Kotschy Diagn. Pl. Orient. 11: 79 (1849) [wfo-0001102712]synonym Alexitoxicon funebre (Boiss. & Kotschy) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338231] synonym Antitoxicum funebre (Boiss. & Kotschy) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 691 (1952) [wfo-0000340295] synonym Antitoxicum medium Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 684 (1952) [wfo-0000340305] synonym Cynanchum funebre (Boiss. & Kotschy) Kusn. Fl. Caucas. Crit. 4(1): 461 (1905) [wfo-0000633079] synonym Cynanchum medium K.Schum. Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4(2): 252 (1895) [wfo-0000633324] synonym Vincetoxicum latifolium K.Koch Linnaea 23: 591 (1850) [wfo-0000420950] synonym Vincetoxicum medium Decne. Prodr. 8: 523 (1844) [wfo-0001102723] V. fuscatum (Hornem.) Endl. Cat. Horti Vindob. 1: 474 (1842) [wfo-0000421701]basionym Asclepias fuscata Hornem. Hort. Bot. Hafn., Suppl.: 29 (1819) [wfo-0000743332] homotypic Cynanchum fuscatum (Hornem.) Link Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 1: 250 (1821) [wfo-0000633080] synonym Asclepias fuscata Hornem. Hort. Bot. Hafn., Suppl.: 29 (1819) [wfo-0000743332]homotypic Cynanchum fuscatum (Hornem.) Link Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 1: 250 (1821) [wfo-0000633080] homotypic Vincetoxicum fuscatum (Hornem.) Endl. Cat. Horti Vindob. 1: 474 (1842) [wfo-0000421701] synonym Cynanchum fuscatum (Hornem.) Link Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 1: 250 (1821) [wfo-0000633080]basionym Asclepias fuscata Hornem. Hort. Bot. Hafn., Suppl.: 29 (1819) [wfo-0000743332] homotypic Vincetoxicum fuscatum (Hornem.) Endl. Cat. Horti Vindob. 1: 474 (1842) [wfo-0000421701] synonym Cynanchum maeoticum Kleopow Izv. Kievsk. Bot. Sada 9: 70 (1929) [wfo-0000633294]homotypic Alexitoxicon maeoticum (Kleopow) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338240] homotypic Antitoxicum maeoticum (Kleopow) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 687 (1952) [wfo-0000340304] synonym Vincetoxicum fuscatum Rchb.f. Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. (H.G.L. Reichenbach) 17: 17. 1854 [wfo-0001101236] V. fuscatum subsp. boissieri (Kusn.) Browicz Fl. Turkey 6: 171 (1978) [wfo-0001104203]basionym Cynanchum boissieri Kusn. Fl. Caucas. Crit. 4(1): 455 (1905) [wfo-0000632863] homotypic Alexitoxicon boissieri (Kusn.) Pobed. Fl. Kavkaza 7: 223 (1967) [wfo-0000338225] homotypic Antitoxicum boissieri (Kusn.) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 680 (1952) [wfo-0000340290] homotypic Vincetoxicum boissieri (Kusn.) Holub Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 5: 439 (1970) [wfo-0001104300] synonym Alexitoxicon boissieri (Kusn.) Pobed. Fl. Kavkaza 7: 223 (1967) [wfo-0000338225]basionym Cynanchum boissieri Kusn. Fl. Caucas. Crit. 4(1): 455 (1905) [wfo-0000632863] homotypic Antitoxicum boissieri (Kusn.) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 680 (1952) [wfo-0000340290] homotypic Vincetoxicum boissieri (Kusn.) Holub Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 5: 439 (1970) [wfo-0001104300] homotypic Vincetoxicum fuscatum subsp. boissieri (Kusn.) Browicz Fl. Turkey 6: 171 (1978) [wfo-0001104203] synonym Antitoxicum boissieri (Kusn.) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 680 (1952) [wfo-0000340290]basionym Cynanchum boissieri Kusn. Fl. Caucas. Crit. 4(1): 455 (1905) [wfo-0000632863] homotypic Alexitoxicon boissieri (Kusn.) Pobed. Fl. Kavkaza 7: 223 (1967) [wfo-0000338225] homotypic Vincetoxicum boissieri (Kusn.) Holub Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 5: 439 (1970) [wfo-0001104300] homotypic Vincetoxicum fuscatum subsp. boissieri (Kusn.) Browicz Fl. Turkey 6: 171 (1978) [wfo-0001104203] synonym Cynanchum boissieri Kusn. Fl. Caucas. Crit. 4(1): 455 (1905) [wfo-0000632863]homotypic Alexitoxicon boissieri (Kusn.) Pobed. Fl. Kavkaza 7: 223 (1967) [wfo-0000338225] homotypic Antitoxicum boissieri (Kusn.) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 680 (1952) [wfo-0000340290] homotypic Vincetoxicum boissieri (Kusn.) Holub Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 5: 439 (1970) [wfo-0001104300] homotypic Vincetoxicum fuscatum subsp. boissieri (Kusn.) Browicz Fl. Turkey 6: 171 (1978) [wfo-0001104203] synonym Vincetoxicum boissieri (Kusn.) Holub Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 5: 439 (1970) [wfo-0001104300]basionym Cynanchum boissieri Kusn. Fl. Caucas. Crit. 4(1): 455 (1905) [wfo-0000632863] homotypic Alexitoxicon boissieri (Kusn.) Pobed. Fl. Kavkaza 7: 223 (1967) [wfo-0000338225] homotypic Antitoxicum boissieri (Kusn.) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 680 (1952) [wfo-0000340290] homotypic Vincetoxicum fuscatum subsp. boissieri (Kusn.) Browicz Fl. Turkey 6: 171 (1978) [wfo-0001104203] synonym Vincetoxicum fuscatum var. minus (Boiss.) Markgr. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 64(4): 374. 1971 [wfo-0001386605] V. fuscatum subsp. fuscatum Unknown [wfo-0001425932]synonym Alexitoxicon intermedium (Taliev) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338233]basionym Vincetoxicum intermedium Taliev Trudy Obsc. Isp. Prir. Imp. Har'kovsk. Univ. 34: 251 (1903) [wfo-0000420960] homotypic Antitoxicum intermedium (Taliev) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 689 (1952) [wfo-0000340298] synonym Alexitoxicon maeoticum (Kleopow) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338240]basionym Cynanchum maeoticum Kleopow Izv. Kievsk. Bot. Sada 9: 70 (1929) [wfo-0000633294] homotypic Antitoxicum maeoticum (Kleopow) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 687 (1952) [wfo-0000340304] synonym Alexitoxicon minus (K.Koch) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338242] synonym Antitoxicum intermedium (Taliev) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 689 (1952) [wfo-0000340298]basionym Vincetoxicum intermedium Taliev Trudy Obsc. Isp. Prir. Imp. Har'kovsk. Univ. 34: 251 (1903) [wfo-0000420960] homotypic Alexitoxicon intermedium (Taliev) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338233] synonym Antitoxicum maeoticum (Kleopow) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 687 (1952) [wfo-0000340304]basionym Cynanchum maeoticum Kleopow Izv. Kievsk. Bot. Sada 9: 70 (1929) [wfo-0000633294] homotypic Alexitoxicon maeoticum (Kleopow) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338240] synonym Antitoxicum minus (K.Koch) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 687 (1952) [wfo-0000340306]basionym Cynanchum minus K.Koch Linnaea 19: 27 (1847) [wfo-0000633345] synonym Cynanchum kuznetzowii Bordz. Izv. Kievsk. Bot. Sada 7-8: 20 (1928) [wfo-0000633222] synonym Cynanchum minus K.Koch Linnaea 19: 27 (1847) [wfo-0000633345]homotypic Antitoxicum minus (K.Koch) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 687 (1952) [wfo-0000340306] synonym Cynanchum urumoffii (Davidov) Hayek Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 30(2): 433 (1930) [wfo-0000633703]basionym Vincetoxicum urumoffii Davidov Spis. Bulg. Akad. Nauk. 12: 101 (1915) [wfo-0000421872] synonym Vincetoxicum alpinum Schott ex Boiss. Fl. Orient. 4: 56 (1875) [wfo-0000421680] synonym Vincetoxicum intermedium Taliev Trudy Obsc. Isp. Prir. Imp. Har'kovsk. Univ. 34: 251 (1903) [wfo-0000420960]homotypic Alexitoxicon intermedium (Taliev) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338233] homotypic Antitoxicum intermedium (Taliev) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 689 (1952) [wfo-0000340298] synonym Vincetoxicum minus (K.Koch) Walp. Repert. Bot. Syst. 6: 483 (1847) [wfo-0001102725] synonym Vincetoxicum pisidicum Boiss. & Heldr. Diagn. Pl. Orient. 11: 79 (1849) [wfo-0000421022] synonym Vincetoxicum urumoffii Davidov Spis. Bulg. Akad. Nauk. 12: 101 (1915) [wfo-0000421872]homotypic Cynanchum urumoffii (Davidov) Hayek Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 30(2): 433 (1930) [wfo-0000633703] V. gilbertii Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 146. 2018 [wfo-0001425338]synonym Tylophora forrestii M.G.Gilbert & P.T.Li Novon 5: 13 (1995) [wfo-0001104881] V. gilletii (De Wild.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 146. 2018 [wfo-0001425339]synonym Tylophora gilletii De Wild. Ann. Mus. Congo Belge, Bot., sér. 5, 1: 193 (1904) [wfo-0000411580] synonym Tylophora smilacina S.Moore J. Bot. 52: 29 (1914) [wfo-0000410722] V. glabriflorum (Warb.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 146. 2018 [wfo-0001425340]synonym Gongronema glabriflora Warb. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 13: 411 (1891) [wfo-0000706336]homotypic Tylophora glabriflora (Warb.) Schltr. Fl. Schutzgeb. Südsee, Nachtr.: 354 (1905) [wfo-0001103372] synonym Tylophora glabriflora (Warb.) Schltr. Fl. Schutzgeb. Südsee, Nachtr.: 354 (1905) [wfo-0001103372]basionym Gongronema glabriflora Warb. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 13: 411 (1891) [wfo-0000706336] V. glaucescens (Decne.) C.Y.Wu & D.Z.Li Acta Bot. Yunnan. 11: 48 (1989) [wfo-0000421691]basionym Pentasacme glaucescens Decne. Prodr. 8: 627 (1844) [wfo-0000392227] homotypic Cynanchum glaucescens (Decne.) Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: 994 (1936) [wfo-0000633097] synonym Cynanchum glaucescens (Decne.) Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: 994 (1936) [wfo-0000633097]basionym Pentasacme glaucescens Decne. Prodr. 8: 627 (1844) [wfo-0000392227] homotypic Vincetoxicum glaucescens (Decne.) C.Y.Wu & D.Z.Li Acta Bot. Yunnan. 11: 48 (1989) [wfo-0000421691] synonym Cynanchum lightii Dunn Kew Bull., Addit. Ser. 10: 171 (1913) [wfo-0000633250] synonym Pentasacme glaucescens Decne. Prodr. 8: 627 (1844) [wfo-0000392227]homotypic Cynanchum glaucescens (Decne.) Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: 994 (1936) [wfo-0000633097] homotypic Vincetoxicum glaucescens (Decne.) C.Y.Wu & D.Z.Li Acta Bot. Yunnan. 11: 48 (1989) [wfo-0000421691] V. glaucirameum (Schltr.) Schneidt, Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 146. 2018 [wfo-0001425341]synonym Tylophora glauciramea Schltr. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 562 (1915) [wfo-0000411697] synonym Tylophora tonsa Schltr. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 564 (1915) [wfo-0000410753] V. glaucum (Wall. ex Wight) Rech.f. Fl. Iranica 73: 13 (1970) [wfo-0001104302]basionym Cynanchum glaucum Wall. ex Wight Contr. Bot. India : 58 (1834) [wfo-0000633098] homotypic Vincetoxicum hirundinaria subsp. glaucum (Wall. ex Wight) H.Hara Enum. Fl. Pl. Nepal 3: 89 (1982) [wfo-0001104204] synonym Cynanchum cabulicum Bornm. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 66: 233 (1934) [wfo-0000632890] synonym Cynanchum glaucum Wall. ex Wight Contr. Bot. India : 58 (1834) [wfo-0000633098]homotypic Vincetoxicum glaucum (Wall. ex Wight) Rech.f. Fl. Iranica 73: 13 (1970) [wfo-0001104302] homotypic Vincetoxicum hirundinaria subsp. glaucum (Wall. ex Wight) H.Hara Enum. Fl. Pl. Nepal 3: 89 (1982) [wfo-0001104204] synonym Vincetoxicum hirundinaria subsp. glaucum (Wall. ex Wight) H.Hara Enum. Fl. Pl. Nepal 3: 89 (1982) [wfo-0001104204]basionym Cynanchum glaucum Wall. ex Wight Contr. Bot. India : 58 (1834) [wfo-0000633098] homotypic Vincetoxicum glaucum (Wall. ex Wight) Rech.f. Fl. Iranica 73: 13 (1970) [wfo-0001104302] V. globiferum (Hook.f.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0000421692]synonym Tylophora globifera Hook.f. Fl. Brit. India 4: 41 (1883) [wfo-0000411699] synonym Tylophora laevis Decne. Prodr. 8: 611 (1844) [wfo-0000411572]homotypic Vincetoxicum hortulorum Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0000744995] synonym Tylophora squarrosa Ridl. J. Straits Branch Roy. Asiat. Soc. 61: 30 (1912) [wfo-0000410719] synonym Vincetoxicum hortulorum Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0000744995]basionym Tylophora laevis Decne. Prodr. 8: 611 (1844) [wfo-0000411572] V. gongshanense Wen B.Xu & J.Y.Shen Taiwania 69(2): 169 (2024) [wfo-1000070944] V. govanii (Wight & Arn.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 146. 2018 [wfo-0001425323]synonym Iphisia govani Wight & Arn. Contr. Bot. India : 52 (1834) [wfo-0001102128]homotypic Tylophora govanii (Wight & Arn.) Decne. Prodr. 8: 610 (1844) [wfo-0001102668] synonym Tylophora govanii (Wight & Arn.) Decne. Prodr. 8: 610 (1844) [wfo-0001102668]basionym Iphisia govani Wight & Arn. Contr. Bot. India : 52 (1834) [wfo-0001102128] V. gracilentum (Tsiang & P.T.Li) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 147. 2018 [wfo-0001425336]synonym Tylophora gracilenta Y.Tsiang & P.T.Li Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12: 143 (1974) [wfo-0001104636] V. gracillimum (Markgr.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 147. 2018 [wfo-0001425335]synonym Tylophora gracillima Markgr. Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 13: 284 (1936) [wfo-0001102040] V. grandiflorum (R.Br.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0001103116]basionym Tylophora grandiflora R.Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. : 460 (1810) [wfo-0001102669] homotypic Hoya grandiflora (R.Br.) Spreng. Syst. Veg. 1: 843 (1824) [wfo-0001102104] synonym Hoya grandiflora (R.Br.) Spreng. Syst. Veg. 1: 843 (1824) [wfo-0001102104]basionym Tylophora grandiflora R.Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. : 460 (1810) [wfo-0001102669] homotypic Vincetoxicum grandiflorum (R.Br.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0001103116] synonym Tylophora grandiflora R.Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. : 460 (1810) [wfo-0001102669]homotypic Hoya grandiflora (R.Br.) Spreng. Syst. Veg. 1: 843 (1824) [wfo-0001102104] homotypic Vincetoxicum grandiflorum (R.Br.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0001103116] V. hainanense (Chun & Tsiang) Meve, H.H.Kong & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 147. 2018 [wfo-0001425315]synonym Merrillanthus hainanensis Chun & Tsiang Sunyatsenia 6: 107 (1941) [wfo-0001104476] V. harmandii (Costantin) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 147. 2018 [wfo-0001425316]synonym Tylophora harmandii Costantin Fl. Indo-Chine 4: 108 (1912) [wfo-0000411702] V. helferi (Hook.f.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0000421717]synonym Tylophora helferi Hook.f. Fl. Brit. India 4: 40 (1883) [wfo-0000411705] V. hellwigii (Warb.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 147. 2018 [wfo-0001425317]synonym Tylophora hellwigii Warb. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 13: 410 (1891) [wfo-0000411680] V. hemsleyanum (Warb.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 147. 2018 [wfo-0001425318]synonym Biondia hemsleyana (Warb.) Tsiang Sunyatsenia 6: 124 (1941) [wfo-0000565415] synonym Gongronema hemsleyana Warb. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 3(48-49): 341. 1907 [wfo-0001103394] synonym Gongronema hemsleyanum Warb. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 3: 341 (1907) [wfo-0000706337] V. henryanum Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 148. 2018 [wfo-0001425319]synonym Tylophora henryi Warb. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 3: 313 (1907) [wfo-0001103895] V. henryi (Warb. ex Diels) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 148. 2018 [wfo-0001425320]synonym Biondia henryi (Warb. ex Schltr. & Diels) Tsiang & P.T.Li Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12: 114 (1974) [wfo-0000565416] synonym Biondia henryi var. longipedunculata M.Cheng & Z.J.Feng Bull. Bot. Lab. N. E. Forest. Inst., Harbin 1980(8): 2 (1980) [wfo-0001388120] synonym Cynanchum henryi Warb. ex Schltr. & Diels Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 29: 542 (1900) [wfo-0000633143] V. heterophyllum (A.Rich.) Vatke Linnaea 40: 212 (1876) [wfo-0000421718]synonym Cynanchum roseum Chiov. Racc. Bot. : 82 (1935) [wfo-0000633541] synonym Gymnema longepedunculata Schweinf. Rudolph-Stephanie-See, App.: 8 (1892) [wfo-0000712242] synonym Gymnema longepedunculatum Schweinfurth Rudolph- Stephanie-See App. 8 1892 [wfo-0001102823]homotypic Sphaerocodon longipedunculatum (Schweinf.) K.Schum. Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas, C: 326 (1895) [wfo-0001102962] homotypic Tylophora longipedunculata (Schweinf.) K.Schum. Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas, C: 326 (1895) [wfo-0001103082] synonym Sphaerocodon acutifolius K.Schum. Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas, A: 125 (1895) [wfo-0000431004] synonym Sphaerocodon longipedunculatum (Schweinf.) K.Schum. Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas, C: 326 (1895) [wfo-0001102962]basionym Gymnema longepedunculatum Schweinfurth Rudolph- Stephanie-See App. 8 1892 [wfo-0001102823] homotypic Tylophora longipedunculata (Schweinf.) K.Schum. Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas, C: 326 (1895) [wfo-0001103082] synonym Tylophora heterophylla A.Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. 2: 41 (1850) [wfo-0001102670] synonym Tylophora longipedunculata (Schweinf.) K.Schum. Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas, C: 326 (1895) [wfo-0001103082]basionym Gymnema longepedunculatum Schweinfurth Rudolph- Stephanie-See App. 8 1892 [wfo-0001102823] homotypic Sphaerocodon longipedunculatum (Schweinf.) K.Schum. Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas, C: 326 (1895) [wfo-0001102962] synonym Tylophora yemensis Deflers Voy. Yemen : 165 (1889) [wfo-0000410737] synonym Tylophoropsis heterophylla (A.Rich.) N.E.Br. Gard. Chron., ser. 3, 16: 245 (1894) [wfo-0001103086] synonym Tylophoropsis yemensis (Deflers) N.E.Br. Gard. Chron., ser. 3, 16: 244 (1894) [wfo-0000410727] V. himalaicum (Hook.f.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0000421720]synonym Tylophora himalaica Hook.f. Fl. Brit. India 4: 42 (1883) [wfo-0000411642] V. hirsutum (Wall.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0000421721]synonym Diplolepis apiculata Lindl. Trans. Hort. Soc. London 6: 68 (1825) [wfo-0000650247] synonym Gymnema hirsutum Wall. Tent. Fl. Napal. : 50 (1826) [wfo-0000712229] synonym Tylophora atrofolliculata F.P.Metcalf Lingnan Sci. J. 11: 265 (1932) [wfo-0001104398] synonym Tylophora hirsuta (Wall.) Wight Contr. Bot. India : 49 (1834) [wfo-0000411581] synonym Tylophora hispida Decne. Prodr. 8: 610 (1844) [wfo-0001102671] synonym Tylophora hispida var. balansae Costantin Fl. Indo-Chine 4: 113. 1912 [wfo-0001104954]homotypic Tylophora ovata var. balansae (Costantin) Tsiang Sunyatsenia 3(2–3): 223 1936 [wfo-0001104953] synonym Tylophora hispida var. brownii Hayata J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 30(1): 196. 1911 [wfo-0001104787] synonym Tylophora jacquemontii Decne. Prodr. 8: 607 (1844) [wfo-0001102672] synonym Tylophora mollissima Wall. Numer. List [Wallich] n. 8202. 1847; Wight, Contrib. 49. [wfo-0001102679] synonym Tylophora ovata var. balansae (Costantin) Tsiang Sunyatsenia 3(2–3): 223 1936 [wfo-0001104953]basionym Tylophora hispida var. balansae Costantin Fl. Indo-Chine 4: 113. 1912 [wfo-0001104954] synonym Tylophora ovata var. lanyuensis (Liu & Lu) S.S.Ying Mem. Coll. Agric. Natl. Taiwan Univ. 29(2): 54 (1989): [wfo-0001390584] synonym Tylophora panzhutenga Z.Y.Zhu Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 3(2): 153 (1983) [wfo-0001104693] synonym Tylophora pilosissima Bakh.f. Blumea 6: 376 (1950) [wfo-0000411717] synonym Vincetoxicum hispidum (Decne.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0000421712] synonym Vincetoxicum mollissimum (Wall. ex Wight) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424. 1891 [5 Nov 1891] [wfo-0000420928] V. hirundinaria Medik. Hist. & Commentat. Acad. Elect. Sci. Theod.-Palat. 4(Phys.): 404 (1790) [wfo-0000421723]basionym Asclepias vincetoxicum L. Sp. Pl. : 216 (1753) [wfo-0000551880] homotypic Cynanchum vincetoxicum (L.) Pers. Syn. Pl. 1: 274 (1805) [wfo-0000633726] homotypic Vincetoxicum vincetoxicum (L.) H.Karst. Deut. Fl. 1030 (1883) [wfo-0000421866] synonym Alexitoxicon officinale St.-Lag. Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 7: 120 (1880) [wfo-0000338246] synonym Alexitoxicon vincetoxicum (L.) H.P.Fuchs Verh. Naturf. Ges. Basel 72: 346 (1961) [wfo-0000338263] synonym Antitoxicum officinale Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 697 (1952) [wfo-0000340309]basionym Vincetoxicum officinale Moench Methodus : 717 (1794) [wfo-0000420933] synonym Asclepias alexitoxica St.-Lag. Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 7: 120 (1880) [wfo-0000551088] synonym Asclepias toxicaria Salisb. Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton : 150 (1796) [wfo-0000551826] synonym Asclepias vincetoxicum L. Sp. Pl. : 216 (1753) [wfo-0000551880]homotypic Cynanchum vincetoxicum (L.) Pers. Syn. Pl. 1: 274 (1805) [wfo-0000633726] homotypic Vincetoxicum hirundinaria Medik. Hist. & Commentat. Acad. Elect. Sci. Theod.-Palat. 4(Phys.): 404 (1790) [wfo-0000421723] homotypic Vincetoxicum vincetoxicum (L.) H.Karst. Deut. Fl. 1030 (1883) [wfo-0000421866] synonym Cynanchum kenowiense K.Schum. Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4(2): 252 (1895) [wfo-0000633213] synonym Cynanchum vincetoxicum (L.) Pers. Syn. Pl. 1: 274 (1805) [wfo-0000633726]basionym Asclepias vincetoxicum L. Sp. Pl. : 216 (1753) [wfo-0000551880] homotypic Vincetoxicum hirundinaria Medik. Hist. & Commentat. Acad. Elect. Sci. Theod.-Palat. 4(Phys.): 404 (1790) [wfo-0000421723] homotypic Vincetoxicum vincetoxicum (L.) H.Karst. Deut. Fl. 1030 (1883) [wfo-0000421866] synonym Vincetoxicum officinale Moench Methodus : 717 (1794) [wfo-0000420933]homotypic Antitoxicum officinale Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 697 (1952) [wfo-0000340309] synonym Vincetoxicum vincetoxicum (L.) H.Karst. Deut. Fl. 1030 (1883) [wfo-0000421866]basionym Asclepias vincetoxicum L. Sp. Pl. : 216 (1753) [wfo-0000551880] homotypic Cynanchum vincetoxicum (L.) Pers. Syn. Pl. 1: 274 (1805) [wfo-0000633726] homotypic Vincetoxicum hirundinaria Medik. Hist. & Commentat. Acad. Elect. Sci. Theod.-Palat. 4(Phys.): 404 (1790) [wfo-0000421723] V. hirundinaria subsp. adriaticum (Beck) Markgr. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 64: 374 (1971) [wfo-0000421725]basionym Vincetoxicum adriaticum Beck Ann. K. K. Naturhist. Hofmus. 13: 30 (1898) [wfo-0000421869] homotypic Cynanchum adriaticum (Beck) Fritsch Ann. K. K. Naturhist. Hofmus. 13: 30 (1898) [wfo-0000632754] synonym Cynanchum adriaticum (Beck) Fritsch Ann. K. K. Naturhist. Hofmus. 13: 30 (1898) [wfo-0000632754]basionym Vincetoxicum adriaticum Beck Ann. K. K. Naturhist. Hofmus. 13: 30 (1898) [wfo-0000421869] homotypic Vincetoxicum hirundinaria subsp. adriaticum (Beck) Markgr. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 64: 374 (1971) [wfo-0000421725] synonym Vincetoxicum adriaticum Beck Ann. K. K. Naturhist. Hofmus. 13: 30 (1898) [wfo-0000421869]homotypic Cynanchum adriaticum (Beck) Fritsch Ann. K. K. Naturhist. Hofmus. 13: 30 (1898) [wfo-0000632754] homotypic Vincetoxicum hirundinaria subsp. adriaticum (Beck) Markgr. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 64: 374 (1971) [wfo-0000421725] V. hirundinaria subsp. apodum (Willk.) O.Bolòs Mem. Real Acad. Ci. Barcelona 42(6): 45. 1973 [wfo-0001425933]synonym Vincetoxicum hirundinaria var. apodum (Willk.) O.Bolòs & Vigo Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 14: 90. 1983 [wfo-0001388797] V. hirundinaria subsp. contiguum (W.D.J.Koch) Markgr. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 64: 374 (1971) [wfo-0000421710]basionym Cynanchum contiguum W.D.J.Koch Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv., ed. 2: 556 (1844) [wfo-0000632951] synonym Alexitoxicon contiguum (W.D.J.Koch) St.-Lag. Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 9: 539 (1882) [wfo-0000338226]basionym Vincetoxicum contiguum (W.D.J.Koch) Gren. & Godr. Fl. France 2: 480 (1853) [wfo-0000421738] synonym Cynanchum contiguum W.D.J.Koch Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv., ed. 2: 556 (1844) [wfo-0000632951]homotypic Vincetoxicum hirundinaria subsp. contiguum (W.D.J.Koch) Markgr. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 64: 374 (1971) [wfo-0000421710] synonym Cynanchum vincetoxicum subsp. contiguum (W.D.J.Koch) Briq. Prodr. Fl. Corse 3(2): 63. 1955 (1955) [wfo-1200013116] synonym Vincetoxicum contiguum (W.D.J.Koch) Gren. & Godr. Fl. France 2: 480 (1853) [wfo-0000421738]homotypic Alexitoxicon contiguum (W.D.J.Koch) St.-Lag. Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 9: 539 (1882) [wfo-0000338226] V. hirundinaria subsp. cretaceum (Pobed.) Markgr. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 64: 374 (1971) [wfo-0000421722]basionym Antitoxicum cretaceum Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 753 (1952) [wfo-0000340293] homotypic Vincetoxicum cretaceum (Pobed.) Wissjul. Fl. RSS Ucr. 8: 285 (1958) [wfo-0001104291] synonym Alexitoxicon cretaceum (Pobed.) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338227] synonym Antitoxicum cretaceum Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 753 (1952) [wfo-0000340293]homotypic Vincetoxicum cretaceum (Pobed.) Wissjul. Fl. RSS Ucr. 8: 285 (1958) [wfo-0001104291] homotypic Vincetoxicum hirundinaria subsp. cretaceum (Pobed.) Markgr. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 64: 374 (1971) [wfo-0000421722] synonym Vincetoxicum cretaceum (Pobed.) Wissjul. Fl. RSS Ucr. 8: 285 (1958) [wfo-0001104291]basionym Antitoxicum cretaceum Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 753 (1952) [wfo-0000340293] homotypic Vincetoxicum hirundinaria subsp. cretaceum (Pobed.) Markgr. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 64: 374 (1971) [wfo-0000421722] V. hirundinaria subsp. hirundinaria Unknown [wfo-0001425934]synonym Alexitoxicon albidum (Jord. & Fourr.) St.-Lag. Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 9: 539 (1882) [wfo-0000338219] synonym Alexitoxicon alpicola (Jord. & Fourr.) St.-Lag. Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 9: 53 (1882) [wfo-0000338221] synonym Alexitoxicon beugesiacum (Jord. & Fourr.) St.-Lag. Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 9: 539 (1882) [wfo-0000338224]basionym Vincetoxicum beugesiacum Jord. & Fourr. Brev. Pl. Nov. 1: 38 (1866) [wfo-0000421644] synonym Alexitoxicon dumeticola (Jord. & Fourr.) St.-Lag. Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 9: 539 (1882) [wfo-0000338230] synonym Alexitoxicon laxum (Bartl.) St.-Lag. Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 9: 539 (1882) [wfo-0000338236] synonym Alexitoxicon ochroleucum (Jord. & Fourr.) St.-Lag. Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 9: 539 (1882) [wfo-0000338245] synonym Alexitoxicon petrophilum (Jord. & Fourr.) St.-Lag. Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 9: 539 (1882) [wfo-0000338248] synonym Alexitoxicon puberulum (Timb.-Lagr.) St.-Lag. Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 9: 539 (1882) [wfo-0000338249] synonym Alexitoxicon shuttleworthianum St.-Lag. Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 9: 539 (1882) [wfo-0000338257] synonym Antitoxicum laxum (Bartl.) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 701 (1952) [wfo-0000340303] synonym Asclepias alba Mill. Gard. Dict. ed. 8 : n.º 1 (1768) [wfo-0000551078]homotypic Vincetoxicum album Asch. Fl. Brandenburg 1: 421 (1864) [wfo-0001102700] synonym Cynanchum kenouriense Wight Contr. Bot. India [Wight] 58. 1834 [wfo-0000633212] synonym Cynanchum vulgare Pers. Syn. Pl. 1: 274 (1805) [wfo-0000633738] synonym Vincetoxicum albidum Jord. & Fourr. Brev. Pl. Nov. 1: 38 (1866) [wfo-0001102699] synonym Vincetoxicum album Asch. Fl. Brandenburg 1: 421 (1864) [wfo-0001102700]basionym Asclepias alba Mill. Gard. Dict. ed. 8 : n.º 1 (1768) [wfo-0000551078] synonym Vincetoxicum alpicola Jord. & Fourr. Brev. Pl. Nov. 1: 39 (1866) [wfo-0001102701] synonym Vincetoxicum beugesiacum Jord. & Fourr. Brev. Pl. Nov. 1: 38 (1866) [wfo-0000421644]homotypic Alexitoxicon beugesiacum (Jord. & Fourr.) St.-Lag. Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 9: 539 (1882) [wfo-0000338224] synonym Vincetoxicum croaticum Jord. & Fourr. Brev. Pl. Nov. 1: 37 (1866) [wfo-0000421731] synonym Vincetoxicum daniloi (Rohlena) A.W.Hill Index Kew., Suppl. 6: 218 (1926) [wfo-0000421741] synonym Vincetoxicum dumeticola Jord. & Fourr. Brev. Pl. Nov. 1: 38 (1866) [wfo-0000421750] synonym Vincetoxicum fradini Pomel Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 1: 82 (1874) [wfo-0001102710] synonym Vincetoxicum hirundinaria var. balearicum O.Bolòs & Vigo Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 14: 90. 1983 [wfo-0001388469] synonym Vincetoxicum hirundinaria subsp. laxum (Bartl.) Poldini Stud. Geobot. 21: 8 (2001). [wfo-0001359504] synonym Vincetoxicum hirundinaria f. puberulum (Beck) Sutorý Čas. Morav. Muz., Vědy Přir. 68: 211 (1983): [wfo-0001323292] synonym Vincetoxicum hirundinaria var. timbal-lagravei Sutorý Čas. Morav. Muz., Vědy Přir. 68: 212 (1983), nom. nov. [wfo-0001389450] synonym Vincetoxicum micranthum Shuttlew. Coup d'Oeil Fl. Toulon et d'Hyères : 17 (1891) [wfo-0000749532] synonym Vincetoxicum ochroleucum Jord. & Fourr. Brev. Pl. Nov. 1: 38 (1866) [wfo-0001102729] synonym Vincetoxicum petrophilum Jord. & Fourr. Brev. Pl. Nov. 1: 39 (1866) [wfo-0001102732] synonym Vincetoxicum pubens Timb.-Lagr. Bull. Soc. Sci. Phys. Nat. Toulouse 1: 97 (1872) [wfo-0000421008] synonym Vincetoxicum puberulum Timb.-Lagr. Bull. Soc. Sci. Phys. Nat. Toulouse 1: 286 (1873) [wfo-0001102733] synonym Vincetoxicum racemosum Timb.-Lagr. Bull. Soc. Sci. Phys. Nat. Toulouse 1: 97 (1872) [wfo-0000421010] synonym Vincetoxicum ruscinonensis Timb.-Lagr. Bull. Soc. Sci. Phys. Nat. Toulouse 1: 97 (1872) [wfo-0000420925] synonym Vincetoxicum stenolobum Shuttlew. Coup d'Oeil Fl. Toulon et d'Hyères : 16 (1891) [wfo-0000750447] synonym Vincetoxicum vulgare Bernh. Syst. Verz. Erf. : 311 (1800) [wfo-0000421673] V. hirundinaria subsp. intermedium (Loret & Barrandon) Markgr. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 64: 374 (1971) [wfo-0000421704]basionym Vincetoxicum officinale var. intermedium Loret & Barrandon Fl. Montpellier 433 1876 [wfo-0000745503] homotypic Vincetoxicum hirundinaria var. intermedium (Loret & Barrandon) O.Bolòs & Vigo Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 14: 90 (1983) [wfo-0000421705] synonym Vincetoxicum hirundinaria var. intermedium (Loret & Barrandon) O.Bolòs & Vigo Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 14: 90 (1983) [wfo-0000421705]basionym Vincetoxicum officinale var. intermedium Loret & Barrandon Fl. Montpellier 433 1876 [wfo-0000745503] homotypic Vincetoxicum hirundinaria subsp. intermedium (Loret & Barrandon) Markgr. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 64: 374 (1971) [wfo-0000421704] synonym Vincetoxicum officinale var. intermedium Loret & Barrandon Fl. Montpellier 433 1876 [wfo-0000745503]homotypic Vincetoxicum hirundinaria subsp. intermedium (Loret & Barrandon) Markgr. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 64: 374 (1971) [wfo-0000421704] homotypic Vincetoxicum hirundinaria var. intermedium (Loret & Barrandon) O.Bolòs & Vigo Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 14: 90 (1983) [wfo-0000421705] V. hirundinaria subsp. jailicola (Juz.) Markgr. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 64: 375 (1971) [wfo-0000421706]synonym Alexitoxicon jailicola (Juz.) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338234] synonym Alexitoxicon tauricum (Pobed.) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338262]basionym Vincetoxicum tauricum Pobed. Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 14: 282 (1951) [wfo-0000420984] homotypic Antitoxicum tauricum (Pobed.) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 696 (1952) [wfo-0000340320] synonym Antitoxicum jailicola (Juz.) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 696 (1952) [wfo-0000340299] synonym Antitoxicum tauricum (Pobed.) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 696 (1952) [wfo-0000340320]basionym Vincetoxicum tauricum Pobed. Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 14: 282 (1951) [wfo-0000420984] homotypic Alexitoxicon tauricum (Pobed.) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338262] synonym Cynanchum jalicola (Juz.) Juz. Spisok Rast. Gerb. Fl. S.S.S.R. Bot. Inst. Vsesojuzn. Akad. Nauk 14(82): 63 (1957) [wfo-0000633195] synonym Vincetoxicum jailicola Juz. Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 14: 18 (1951) [wfo-0001104287] synonym Vincetoxicum tauricum Pobed. Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 14: 282 (1951) [wfo-0000420984]homotypic Alexitoxicon tauricum (Pobed.) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338262] homotypic Antitoxicum tauricum (Pobed.) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 696 (1952) [wfo-0000340320] V. hirundinaria subsp. lusitanicum Markgr. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 65: 35 (1972) [wfo-0000421707]synonym Asclepias lutea Mill. Gard. Dict. ed. 8 : n.º 3 (1768) [wfo-0000551492] synonym Cynanchum luteum (Mill.) Steud. Nomencl. Bot. 1: 250 (1821) [wfo-0000633275] synonym Vincetoxicum luteum (Mill.) Hoffmanns. & Link Fl. Portug. 1: 381 (1820) [wfo-0000420981] synonym Vincetoxicum luteum Sieber ex Boiss. Fl. Orient. 4: 52 (1875) [wfo-0001102721] V. hirundinaria subsp. luteolum (Jord. & Fourr.) la Valva, Moraldo & Caputo Delpinoa 21-22: 91 (1979-1980 publ. 1981) [wfo-0001104205]basionym Vincetoxicum luteolum Jord. & Fourr. Brev. Pl. Nov. 1: 39 (1866) [wfo-0001102720] synonym Alexitoxicon luteolum (Jord. & Fourr.) St.-Lag. Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 9: 539 (1882) [wfo-0000338238] synonym Vincetoxicum luteolum Jord. & Fourr. Brev. Pl. Nov. 1: 39 (1866) [wfo-0001102720]homotypic Vincetoxicum hirundinaria subsp. luteolum (Jord. & Fourr.) la Valva, Moraldo & Caputo Delpinoa 21-22: 91 (1979-1980 publ. 1981) [wfo-0001104205] V. hirundinaria subsp. nivale (Boiss. & Heldr.) Markgr. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 64: 375 (1971) [wfo-0000421708]synonym Cynanchum nivale (Boiss. & Heldr.) Nyman Syll. Fl. Eur. : 108 (1855) [wfo-0000633395] synonym Cynanchum nivale (Boiss. & Heldr.) Beck Ann. K. K. Naturhist. Hofmus. ii. (1887) 131. [wfo-0000633397] synonym Cynanchum sulfureum (Velen.) Hayek Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 30(2): 433 (1930) [wfo-0000633637]basionym Vincetoxicum sulfureum Velen. Reliq. Mrkvic. : 21 (1922) [wfo-0000420997] synonym Vincetoxicum nivale Boiss. & Heldr. Diagn. Pl. Orient. 7: 20 (1846) [wfo-0001102728] synonym Vincetoxicum sulfureum Velen. Reliq. Mrkvic. : 21 (1922) [wfo-0000420997]homotypic Cynanchum sulfureum (Velen.) Hayek Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 30(2): 433 (1930) [wfo-0000633637] V. hirundinaria subsp. stepposum (Pobed.) Markgr. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 64: 375 (1971) [wfo-0000421711]basionym Antitoxicum stepposum Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 752 (1952) [wfo-0000340319] homotypic Alexitoxicon stepposum (Pobed.) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338260] homotypic Cynanchum stepposum (Pobed.) Juz. Spisok Rast. Gerb. Fl. S.S.S.R. Bot. Inst. Vsesojuzn. Akad. Nauk 14(82): 63 (1957) [wfo-0000633619] homotypic Vincetoxicum stepposum (Pobed.) Á.Löve & D.Löve Bot. Not. 114: 42 (1961) [wfo-0001104298] homotypic Vincetoxicum stepposum (Pobed.) Popescu Stud. Cercet. Biol. (Bucharest) 20: 327 1968 [wfo-0001104304] synonym Alexitoxicon albovianum (Kusn.) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338220]basionym Cynanchum albovianum Kusn. Fl. Caucas. Crit. 4(1): 445 (1905) [wfo-0000632768] homotypic Antitoxicum albovianum (Kusn.) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 694 (1952) [wfo-0000340287] synonym Alexitoxicon stepposum (Pobed.) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338260]basionym Antitoxicum stepposum Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 752 (1952) [wfo-0000340319] homotypic Cynanchum stepposum (Pobed.) Juz. Spisok Rast. Gerb. Fl. S.S.S.R. Bot. Inst. Vsesojuzn. Akad. Nauk 14(82): 63 (1957) [wfo-0000633619] homotypic Vincetoxicum hirundinaria subsp. stepposum (Pobed.) Markgr. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 64: 375 (1971) [wfo-0000421711] homotypic Vincetoxicum stepposum (Pobed.) Á.Löve & D.Löve Bot. Not. 114: 42 (1961) [wfo-0001104298] homotypic Vincetoxicum stepposum (Pobed.) Popescu Stud. Cercet. Biol. (Bucharest) 20: 327 1968 [wfo-0001104304] synonym Antitoxicum albovianum (Kusn.) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 694 (1952) [wfo-0000340287]basionym Cynanchum albovianum Kusn. Fl. Caucas. Crit. 4(1): 445 (1905) [wfo-0000632768] homotypic Alexitoxicon albovianum (Kusn.) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338220] synonym Antitoxicum stepposum Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 752 (1952) [wfo-0000340319]homotypic Alexitoxicon stepposum (Pobed.) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338260] homotypic Cynanchum stepposum (Pobed.) Juz. Spisok Rast. Gerb. Fl. S.S.S.R. Bot. Inst. Vsesojuzn. Akad. Nauk 14(82): 63 (1957) [wfo-0000633619] homotypic Vincetoxicum hirundinaria subsp. stepposum (Pobed.) Markgr. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 64: 375 (1971) [wfo-0000421711] homotypic Vincetoxicum stepposum (Pobed.) Á.Löve & D.Löve Bot. Not. 114: 42 (1961) [wfo-0001104298] homotypic Vincetoxicum stepposum (Pobed.) Popescu Stud. Cercet. Biol. (Bucharest) 20: 327 1968 [wfo-0001104304] synonym Cynanchum albovianum Kusn. Fl. Caucas. Crit. 4(1): 445 (1905) [wfo-0000632768]homotypic Alexitoxicon albovianum (Kusn.) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338220] homotypic Antitoxicum albovianum (Kusn.) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 694 (1952) [wfo-0000340287] synonym Cynanchum stepposum (Pobed.) Juz. Spisok Rast. Gerb. Fl. S.S.S.R. Bot. Inst. Vsesojuzn. Akad. Nauk 14(82): 63 (1957) [wfo-0000633619]basionym Antitoxicum stepposum Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 752 (1952) [wfo-0000340319] homotypic Alexitoxicon stepposum (Pobed.) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338260] homotypic Vincetoxicum hirundinaria subsp. stepposum (Pobed.) Markgr. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 64: 375 (1971) [wfo-0000421711] homotypic Vincetoxicum stepposum (Pobed.) Á.Löve & D.Löve Bot. Not. 114: 42 (1961) [wfo-0001104298] homotypic Vincetoxicum stepposum (Pobed.) Popescu Stud. Cercet. Biol. (Bucharest) 20: 327 1968 [wfo-0001104304] synonym Vincetoxicum albovianum (Kusn.) Pobed. Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 5: 178 (1968) [wfo-0001104299] synonym Vincetoxicum stepposum (Pobed.) Á.Löve & D.Löve Bot. Not. 114: 42 (1961) [wfo-0001104298]basionym Antitoxicum stepposum Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 752 (1952) [wfo-0000340319] homotypic Alexitoxicon stepposum (Pobed.) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338260] homotypic Cynanchum stepposum (Pobed.) Juz. Spisok Rast. Gerb. Fl. S.S.S.R. Bot. Inst. Vsesojuzn. Akad. Nauk 14(82): 63 (1957) [wfo-0000633619] homotypic Vincetoxicum hirundinaria subsp. stepposum (Pobed.) Markgr. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 64: 375 (1971) [wfo-0000421711] homotypic Vincetoxicum stepposum (Pobed.) Popescu Stud. Cercet. Biol. (Bucharest) 20: 327 1968 [wfo-0001104304] synonym Vincetoxicum stepposum (Pobed.) Popescu Stud. Cercet. Biol. (Bucharest) 20: 327 1968 [wfo-0001104304]basionym Antitoxicum stepposum Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 752 (1952) [wfo-0000340319] homotypic Alexitoxicon stepposum (Pobed.) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338260] homotypic Cynanchum stepposum (Pobed.) Juz. Spisok Rast. Gerb. Fl. S.S.S.R. Bot. Inst. Vsesojuzn. Akad. Nauk 14(82): 63 (1957) [wfo-0000633619] homotypic Vincetoxicum hirundinaria subsp. stepposum (Pobed.) Markgr. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 64: 375 (1971) [wfo-0000421711] homotypic Vincetoxicum stepposum (Pobed.) Á.Löve & D.Löve Bot. Not. 114: 42 (1961) [wfo-0001104298] V. hookerianum Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0000744994]basionym Tylophora fasciculata var. macrantha Wight Contr. Bot. India : 50 (1834) [wfo-0000738309] synonym Tylophora fasciculata var. macrantha Wight Contr. Bot. India : 50 (1834) [wfo-0000738309]homotypic Vincetoxicum hookerianum Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0000744994] synonym Tylophora hookeriana (Kuntze) Rasingam & J.Swamy Bangladesh J. Pl. Taxon. 25(1): 53. 2018 [wfo-1000008011] V. hoyoense T.Yamash. Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 55: 3 (2004) [wfo-0000430553] V. hui (Tsiang) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 150. 2018 [wfo-0001425321]synonym Tylophora hui Tsiang Sunyatsenia 3: 236 (1936) [wfo-0001104456] V. huteri Vis. & Asch. Oesterr. Bot. Z. 19: 67 (1869) [wfo-0000421713]homotypic Antitoxicum huteri (Vis. & Asch.) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 680 (1952) [wfo-0000340296] homotypic Cynanchum huteri (Vis. & Asch.) K.Schum. Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4(2): 252 (1895) [wfo-0000633170] synonym Antitoxicum huteri (Vis. & Asch.) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 680 (1952) [wfo-0000340296]basionym Vincetoxicum huteri Vis. & Asch. Oesterr. Bot. Z. 19: 67 (1869) [wfo-0000421713] homotypic Cynanchum huteri (Vis. & Asch.) K.Schum. Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4(2): 252 (1895) [wfo-0000633170] synonym Cynanchum huteri (Vis. & Asch.) K.Schum. Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4(2): 252 (1895) [wfo-0000633170]basionym Vincetoxicum huteri Vis. & Asch. Oesterr. Bot. Z. 19: 67 (1869) [wfo-0000421713] homotypic Antitoxicum huteri (Vis. & Asch.) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 680 (1952) [wfo-0000340296] V. hybanthera Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0001103139]synonym Belostemma cordifolium (Link, Klotzsch & Otto) P.T.Li J. S. China Agric. Univ. 15(1): 64 (1994) [wfo-0000562501] synonym Echites sinensis Hort.Angl. ex Walp. Repert. Bot. Syst. 6: 491 (1847) [wfo-0000947818] synonym Hybanthera cordifolia Link, Klotzsch & Otto Icon. Pl. Rar. : 109 (1844) [wfo-0001102120] synonym Tylophora cordifolia (Link, Klotzsch & Otto) Benth. & Hook.f. ex Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0000411618] V. hydrophilum (Tsiang & H.D.Zhang) C.Y.Wu & D.Z.Li Acta Bot. Yunnan. 11: 47 (1989) [wfo-0001104849]basionym Cynanchum hydrophilum Tsiang & H.D.Zhang Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12: 94 (1974) [wfo-0000633171] synonym Cynanchum hydrophilum Tsiang & H.D.Zhang Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12: 94 (1974) [wfo-0000633171]homotypic Vincetoxicum hydrophilum (Tsiang & H.D.Zhang) C.Y.Wu & D.Z.Li Acta Bot. Yunnan. 11: 47 (1989) [wfo-0001104849] V. inamoenum Maxim. Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg, sér. 3, 23: 361 (1877) [wfo-0001100985]synonym Alexitoxicon inamoenum (Maxim.) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338232] synonym Antitoxicum inamoenum (Maxim.) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 707 (1952) [wfo-0000340297] synonym Cynanchum inamoenum (Maxim.) Loes. ex Gilg & Loes. Beibl. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 75: 60 (1904) [wfo-0000633176] synonym Cynanchum nikoense (Maxim.) Makino Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 22: 169 (1908) [wfo-0000633391] synonym Vincetoxicum kitagawae Hiyama J. Jap. Bot. 35: 11 (1960) [wfo-0001104295] synonym Vincetoxicum macrophyllum var. nikoensis Maxim. Mélanges Biol. Bull. Phys.-Math. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg 9: 792 1876 [wfo-0001104818] V. indicum (Burm.f.) Mabb. Mabberley's Pl.-Book 1102. 2017 [wfo-0001424572]synonym Cynanchum flavum Thunb. ex Hook.f. Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 4(10): 45. 1883 [Jun 1883] [wfo-0000633058] synonym Cynanchum indicum Burm.f. Fl. Indica : 70 (1768) [wfo-0000633178]homotypic Tylophora indica (Burm.f.) Merr. Philipp. J. Sci. 19: 373 (1921) [wfo-0001101230] synonym Tylophora indica (Burm.f.) Merr. Philipp. J. Sci. 19: 373 (1921) [wfo-0001101230]basionym Cynanchum indicum Burm.f. Fl. Indica : 70 (1768) [wfo-0000633178] V. indicum var. glabrum (Decne.) A.Kidyoo Taiwania 63(1): 30. 2018 [wfo-0001426256]synonym Tylophora asthmatica var. glabra Decne. Prodr. 8: 611 (1844) [wfo-0001237391]homotypic Tylophora indica var. glabra (Decne.) H.Huber Revis. Handb. Fl. Ceylon 1(1): 43 (1973) [wfo-0001104637] synonym Tylophora flava Trimen J. Bot. 23: 239 (1885) [wfo-0000411554] synonym Tylophora indica var. glabra (Decne.) H.Huber Revis. Handb. Fl. Ceylon 1(1): 43 (1973) [wfo-0001104637]basionym Tylophora asthmatica var. glabra Decne. Prodr. 8: 611 (1844) [wfo-0001237391] V. indicum var. indicum Unknown [wfo-0001426201]synonym Asclepias asthmatica L.f. Suppl. Pl. : 171 (1782) [wfo-0000551129]homotypic Tylophora asthmatica (L.f.) Wight & Arn. Contr. Bot. India : 51 (1834) [wfo-0001102654] synonym Asclepias prolifera Rottler ex Ainslie Mater. Ind. 2: 225 (1826) [wfo-0000551659] synonym Asclepias tunicata Hook.f. Fl. Brit. India 4: 45 (1883) [wfo-0000551843] synonym Asclepias vomitoria J.Koenig ex Hook.f. Fl. Brit. India 4: 45 (1883) [wfo-0000551899] synonym Cynanchum ipecacuanha Willd. Jahrb. Pharm. : 169 (1795) [wfo-0000633189] synonym Cynanchum mucronatum Andrews Bot. Repos. 8: t. 515 (1808) [wfo-0000633361] synonym Cynanchum tomentosum Lam. Encycl. 2: 236 (1786) [wfo-0000633670] synonym Cynanchum undatum Andrews Bot. Repos. 6: t. 410 (1804) [wfo-0000633693] synonym Cynanchum viridiflorum Sims Bot. Mag. 44: t. 1929 (1817) [wfo-0000633733] synonym Cynanchum vomitorium Lam. Encycl. 2: 235 (1786) [wfo-0000633737] synonym Diplolepis vomitoria Lindl. Trans. Hort. Soc. London 6: 68 (1825) [wfo-0000650257] synonym Gonolobus mucronatus Sweet Hort. Brit., ed. 2: 360 (1830) [wfo-0000706948] synonym Hoya planiflora Wall. ex Hook.f. Fl. Brit. India 4: 45 (1883) [wfo-0000725462] synonym Marsdenia vomitoria Moon Cat. Pl. Ceylon : 21 (1824) [wfo-0000372333] synonym Sonninia vomitoria (Lindl.) Kostel. Allg. Med. -Pharm. Fl. 3: 1091 1834 [wfo-0000431014] synonym Tylophora asthmatica (L.f.) Wight & Arn. Contr. Bot. India : 51 (1834) [wfo-0001102654]basionym Asclepias asthmatica L.f. Suppl. Pl. : 171 (1782) [wfo-0000551129] synonym Tylophora coilolepis Schltr. Beibl. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 92: 2 (1908) [wfo-0000411611] synonym Tylophora flavescens Ridl. J. Fed. Malay States Mus. 5: 163 (1915) [wfo-0000411555] synonym Tylophora labuanensis Schltr. Beibl. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 92: 2 (1908) [wfo-0000411570] synonym Tylophora lutescens Decne. Hort. Universel 5: 5 (1844) [wfo-0001102675]homotypic Vincetoxicum lutescens (Decne.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0001103117] synonym Tylophora pubescens Wall. ex Hook.f. Fl. Brit. India 4: 45 (1883) [wfo-0000411720] synonym Tylophora tomentosa (Lam.) G.Don Gen. Hist. 4: 130 (1837) [wfo-0000410749] synonym Tylophora vomitoria (Lam.) Voigt Hort. Suburb. Calcutt. : 539 (1845) [wfo-0000410739] synonym Vincetoxicum lutescens (Decne.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0001103117]basionym Tylophora lutescens Decne. Hort. Universel 5: 5 (1844) [wfo-0001102675] synonym Vincetoxicum vomitorum (Lam.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0000421774] V. indicum var. intermedium (M.A.Rahman & Wilcock) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 152. 2018 [wfo-0001426253]synonym Tylophora indica var. intermedia M.A.Rahman & Wilcock J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 13(1): 184 (1989). [wfo-0001389744] V. inhambanense (Schltr.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 152. 2018 [wfo-0001425329]synonym Tylophora inhambanensis Schltr. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 38: 52 (1905) [wfo-0001103373] V. insigne (Tsiang) Meve, H.H.Kong & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 152. 2018 [wfo-0001425322]synonym Biondia insignis Tsiang Sunyatsenia 4: 106 (1939) [wfo-0000565418] V. insulicola Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 152. 2018 [wfo-0001425324]synonym Tylophora insulana Y.Tsiang & P.T.Li Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12: 134 (1974) [wfo-0001104638] V. iphisia Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 152. 2018 [wfo-0001425325]synonym Iphisia multiflora Wight & Arn. Contr. Bot. India : 52 (1834) [wfo-0001102129]homotypic Tylophora multiflora (Wight & Arn.) Alston Handb. Fl. Ceylon 6(Suppl.): 195 (1931) [wfo-0001104405] synonym Tylophora fasciculata Thwaites Enum. Pl. Zeyl. : 197 (1860) [wfo-0000411551] synonym Tylophora iphisia Decne. Prodr. 8: 610 (1844) [wfo-0000411584] synonym Tylophora multiflora (Wight & Arn.) Alston Handb. Fl. Ceylon 6(Suppl.): 195 (1931) [wfo-0001104405]basionym Iphisia multiflora Wight & Arn. Contr. Bot. India : 52 (1834) [wfo-0001102129] V. iringensis (Markgr.) Goyder Fl. Zambes. 7(3): 357. 2020 [wfo-1000025176]synonym Pentarrhinum iringense Markgr. Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 11: 404 (1932) [wfo-0001104374]homotypic Tylophora iringensis (Markgr.) Goyder Kew Bull. 60: 613 (2005 publ. 2006) [wfo-0001281991] synonym Tylophora erubescens (Liede & Meve) Liede Taxon 45: 206 (1996) [wfo-0001240662]basionym Tylophoropsis erubescens Liede & Meve Kew Bull. 49: 752 (1994) [wfo-0001250919] synonym Tylophora iringensis (Markgr.) Goyder Kew Bull. 60: 613 (2005 publ. 2006) [wfo-0001281991]basionym Pentarrhinum iringense Markgr. Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 11: 404 (1932) [wfo-0001104374] synonym Tylophoropsis erubescens Liede & Meve Kew Bull. 49: 752 (1994) [wfo-0001250919]homotypic Tylophora erubescens (Liede & Meve) Liede Taxon 45: 206 (1996) [wfo-0001240662] V. irrawadense Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0000420961]synonym Tylophora purpurea Wall. ex Wight Contr. Bot. India : 51 (1834) [wfo-0000411722] V. izuense T.Yamash. Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 55: 1 (2004) [wfo-0000430554]synonym Vincetoxicum izuense f. chloranthus Katsuy. & Konta Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus., Tokyo, B. 31(4): 158 (155; fig. 18). 2005 [22 Dec 2005] [wfo-0001322209] V. japonicum (C.Morren & Decne.) Decne. Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 8: 524 1844 [wfo-0001042080]basionym Cynanchum japonicum C.Morren & Decne. Bull. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles iii. (1836) 172. [wfo-0000633198] synonym Cynanchum albiflorum (Franch. & Sav.) Koidz. Fl. Symb. Orient.-Asiat. : 28 (1930) [wfo-0000632762] synonym Cynanchum grayanum (Maxim.) Koidz. Fl. Symb. Orient.-Asiat. : 83 (1930) [wfo-0000633117] synonym Cynanchum japonicum C.Morren & Decne. Bull. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles iii. (1836) 172. [wfo-0000633198]homotypic Vincetoxicum japonicum (C.Morren & Decne.) Decne. Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 8: 524 1844 [wfo-0001042080] synonym Cynanchum puncticulatum Koidz. Fl. Symb. Orient.-Asiat. : 1 (1930) [wfo-0000633494] synonym Cynanchum rubellum (Franch. & Sav.) Matsum. Index Pl. Jap. 2(2): 511 (1912) [wfo-0000633552]basionym Vincetoxicum rubellum Franch. & Sav. Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 442 (1878) [wfo-0000420920] synonym Vincetoxicum japonicum var. grayanum Maxim. Mélanges Biol. Bull. Phys.-Math. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg 9: 784. 1876 [wfo-0001104820] synonym Vincetoxicum rubellum Franch. & Sav. Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 442 (1878) [wfo-0000420920]homotypic Cynanchum rubellum (Franch. & Sav.) Matsum. Index Pl. Jap. 2(2): 511 (1912) [wfo-0000633552] V. josephrockii Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 153. 2018 [wfo-0001425326]synonym Tylophora rockii M.G.Gilbert & P.T.Li Novon 5: 15 (1995) [wfo-0001104878] V. junzifengense B.J.Ye & S.P.Chen Phytotaxa 539(2): 206. 2022 [wfo-1000031141] V. juzepczukii (Pobed.) Privalova Trudy Gosud. Nikitsk. Bot. Sada 29: 42 (1960) [wfo-0000420963]basionym Antitoxicum juzepczukii Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 752 (1952) [wfo-0000340300] homotypic Alexitoxicon juzepczukii (Pobed.) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338235] homotypic Cynanchum juzepczukii (Pobed.) Borhidi Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 12: 244 (1966) [wfo-0000633208] homotypic Vincetoxicum juzepczukii (Pobed.) Markgr. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 64(4): 375. 1971 [wfo-0001104306] homotypic Vincetoxicum juzepczukii (Pobed.) Privalova Trans. Molotov Stat. Bot. Gard., Nikita 26: 140 (1956) [wfo-1000075521] synonym Alexitoxicon juzepczukii (Pobed.) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338235]basionym Antitoxicum juzepczukii Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 752 (1952) [wfo-0000340300] homotypic Cynanchum juzepczukii (Pobed.) Borhidi Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 12: 244 (1966) [wfo-0000633208] homotypic Vincetoxicum juzepczukii (Pobed.) Privalova Trudy Gosud. Nikitsk. Bot. Sada 29: 42 (1960) [wfo-0000420963] homotypic Vincetoxicum juzepczukii (Pobed.) Markgr. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 64(4): 375. 1971 [wfo-0001104306] homotypic Vincetoxicum juzepczukii (Pobed.) Privalova Trans. Molotov Stat. Bot. Gard., Nikita 26: 140 (1956) [wfo-1000075521] synonym Antitoxicum juzepczukii Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 752 (1952) [wfo-0000340300]homotypic Alexitoxicon juzepczukii (Pobed.) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338235] homotypic Cynanchum juzepczukii (Pobed.) Borhidi Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 12: 244 (1966) [wfo-0000633208] homotypic Vincetoxicum juzepczukii (Pobed.) Privalova Trudy Gosud. Nikitsk. Bot. Sada 29: 42 (1960) [wfo-0000420963] homotypic Vincetoxicum juzepczukii (Pobed.) Markgr. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 64(4): 375. 1971 [wfo-0001104306] homotypic Vincetoxicum juzepczukii (Pobed.) Privalova Trans. Molotov Stat. Bot. Gard., Nikita 26: 140 (1956) [wfo-1000075521] synonym Cynanchum juzepczukii (Pobed.) Borhidi Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 12: 244 (1966) [wfo-0000633208]basionym Antitoxicum juzepczukii Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 752 (1952) [wfo-0000340300] homotypic Alexitoxicon juzepczukii (Pobed.) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338235] homotypic Vincetoxicum juzepczukii (Pobed.) Privalova Trudy Gosud. Nikitsk. Bot. Sada 29: 42 (1960) [wfo-0000420963] homotypic Vincetoxicum juzepczukii (Pobed.) Markgr. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 64(4): 375. 1971 [wfo-0001104306] homotypic Vincetoxicum juzepczukii (Pobed.) Privalova Trans. Molotov Stat. Bot. Gard., Nikita 26: 140 (1956) [wfo-1000075521] synonym Vincetoxicum juzepczukii (Pobed.) Markgr. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 64(4): 375. 1971 [wfo-0001104306]basionym Antitoxicum juzepczukii Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 752 (1952) [wfo-0000340300] homotypic Alexitoxicon juzepczukii (Pobed.) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338235] homotypic Cynanchum juzepczukii (Pobed.) Borhidi Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 12: 244 (1966) [wfo-0000633208] homotypic Vincetoxicum juzepczukii (Pobed.) Privalova Trudy Gosud. Nikitsk. Bot. Sada 29: 42 (1960) [wfo-0000420963] homotypic Vincetoxicum juzepczukii (Pobed.) Privalova Trans. Molotov Stat. Bot. Gard., Nikita 26: 140 (1956) [wfo-1000075521] synonym Vincetoxicum juzepczukii (Pobed.) Privalova Trans. Molotov Stat. Bot. Gard., Nikita 26: 140 (1956) [wfo-1000075521]basionym Antitoxicum juzepczukii Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 752 (1952) [wfo-0000340300] homotypic Alexitoxicon juzepczukii (Pobed.) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338235] homotypic Cynanchum juzepczukii (Pobed.) Borhidi Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 12: 244 (1966) [wfo-0000633208] homotypic Vincetoxicum juzepczukii (Pobed.) Privalova Trudy Gosud. Nikitsk. Bot. Sada 29: 42 (1960) [wfo-0000420963] homotypic Vincetoxicum juzepczukii (Pobed.) Markgr. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 64(4): 375. 1971 [wfo-0001104306] V. katoi (Ohwi) Kitag. J. Jap. Bot. 34: 364 (1959) [wfo-0001104294]basionym Cynanchum katoi Ohwi Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 12: 112 (1943) [wfo-0000633211] synonym Cynanchum katoi Ohwi Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 12: 112 (1943) [wfo-0000633211]homotypic Vincetoxicum katoi (Ohwi) Kitag. J. Jap. Bot. 34: 364 (1959) [wfo-0001104294] V. kerrii (Craib) A.Kidyoo Taiwania 63(1): 30. 2018 [wfo-0001425415]synonym Tylophora balansae Costantin Fl. Indo-Chine 4: 111 (1912) [wfo-0001103979] synonym Tylophora kerrii Craib Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1911: 417 (1911) [wfo-0001103982] synonym Tylophora pseudotenerrima Costantin Fl. Indo-Chine 4: 108 (1912) [wfo-0001103985] V. koi (Merr.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 153. 2018 [wfo-0001425327] V. krameri Franch. & Sav. Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 440 (1878) [wfo-0001102714]synonym Cynanchum krameri (Franch. & Sav.) Matsum. Index Pl. Jap. 2(2): 510 (1912) [wfo-0000633220] V. lancilimbum (Merr.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 154. 2018 [wfo-0001425414]synonym Tylophora lancilimba Merr. Philipp. J. Sci. 27: 53 (1925) [wfo-0000411574] V. laxiforme Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 154. 2018 [wfo-0001425328]synonym Biondia laxa M.G.Gilbert & P.T.Li Novon 5: 2 (1995) [wfo-0000565419] V. laxum (Bartl.) Gren. & Godr. Fl. France Prosp. 2: 480 1846 [wfo-0001102717]basionym Cynanchum laxum Bartl. Taschenb. Deut. Schweiz. Fl. : 350 (1843) [wfo-0000633234] homotypic Alexitoxicon laxum (Bartl.) Pobed. Fl. Kavkaza [Grossheim] ed. 2, 7: 223. 1967 [wfo-0000338237] homotypic Vincetoxicum laxum (Bartl.) K.Koch Linnaea 23(5): 590. 1850 [Oct 1850], in obs.; Gren. & Godr. Fl. Fr. 2: 480 [wfo-0001102716] synonym Alexitoxicon laxum (Bartl.) Pobed. Fl. Kavkaza [Grossheim] ed. 2, 7: 223. 1967 [wfo-0000338237]basionym Cynanchum laxum Bartl. Taschenb. Deut. Schweiz. Fl. : 350 (1843) [wfo-0000633234] homotypic Vincetoxicum laxum (Bartl.) K.Koch Linnaea 23(5): 590. 1850 [Oct 1850], in obs.; Gren. & Godr. Fl. Fr. 2: 480 [wfo-0001102716] homotypic Vincetoxicum laxum (Bartl.) Gren. & Godr. Fl. France Prosp. 2: 480 1846 [wfo-0001102717] synonym Cynanchum laxum Bartl. Taschenb. Deut. Schweiz. Fl. : 350 (1843) [wfo-0000633234]homotypic Alexitoxicon laxum (Bartl.) Pobed. Fl. Kavkaza [Grossheim] ed. 2, 7: 223. 1967 [wfo-0000338237] homotypic Vincetoxicum laxum (Bartl.) K.Koch Linnaea 23(5): 590. 1850 [Oct 1850], in obs.; Gren. & Godr. Fl. Fr. 2: 480 [wfo-0001102716] homotypic Vincetoxicum laxum (Bartl.) Gren. & Godr. Fl. France Prosp. 2: 480 1846 [wfo-0001102717] synonym Vincetoxicum laxum (Bartl.) K.Koch Linnaea 23(5): 590. 1850 [Oct 1850], in obs.; Gren. & Godr. Fl. Fr. 2: 480 [wfo-0001102716]basionym Cynanchum laxum Bartl. Taschenb. Deut. Schweiz. Fl. : 350 (1843) [wfo-0000633234] homotypic Alexitoxicon laxum (Bartl.) Pobed. Fl. Kavkaza [Grossheim] ed. 2, 7: 223. 1967 [wfo-0000338237] homotypic Vincetoxicum laxum (Bartl.) Gren. & Godr. Fl. France Prosp. 2: 480 1846 [wfo-0001102717] V. lenifolium S.A.Shah PhytoKeys 179: 60, figs 2Q, R, U, V, 3F, 4I, J, M, 6, 13. 2021 [wfo-1000029368] V. leptanthum (Tsiang) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 154. 2018 [wfo-0001425399]synonym Tylophora leptantha Tsiang Sunyatsenia 3: 234 (1936) [wfo-0001104457] V. leschenaultii Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0000420958]synonym Tylophora congesta Decne. Prodr. 8: 609 (1844) [wfo-0000411619] V. liebianum (F.Muell.) Liede Taxon 45: 205 (1996) [wfo-0001237976]basionym Tylophora liebiana F.Muell. J. Proc. Roy. Soc. New S. Wales 24: 78 (1890 publ. 1891) [wfo-0001237975] synonym Cynanchum liebiana (F.Muell.) P.I.Forst. Austrobaileya 3: 110 (1989) [wfo-0000633248] synonym Tylophora liebiana F.Muell. J. Proc. Roy. Soc. New S. Wales 24: 78 (1890 publ. 1891) [wfo-0001237975]homotypic Vincetoxicum liebianum (F.Muell.) Liede Taxon 45: 205 (1996) [wfo-0001237976] V. lii Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 154. 2018 [wfo-0001425343]synonym Tylophora astephanoides Y.Tsiang & P.T.Li Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12: 138 (1974) [wfo-0001104634] V. lindleyi A.Kidyoo Taiwania 63(1): 30. 2018 [wfo-1000008112]synonym Diplolepis ovata Lindl. Trans. Hort. Soc. London 6: 268 (1826) [wfo-0000650255]homotypic Tylophora ovata (Lindl.) Hook. ex Steud. Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 2: 726 (1841) [wfo-0001102680] synonym Tylophora ovata (Lindl.) Hook. ex Steud. Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 2: 726 (1841) [wfo-0001102680]basionym Diplolepis ovata Lindl. Trans. Hort. Soc. London 6: 268 (1826) [wfo-0000650255] V. lineare (Decne.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 154. 2018 [wfo-0001425370]basionym Pentatropis linearis Decne. Prodr. 8: 536 (1844) [wfo-0001102333] homotypic Daemia linearis (Decne.) F.Muell. Syst. Census Austral. Pl. 1: 94 (1882) [wfo-0000636900] homotypic Rhyncharrhena linearis (Decne.) K.L.Wilson Telopea 2: 38 (1980) [wfo-0001104661] synonym Daemia kempeana (F.Muell.) F.Muell. Syst. Census Austral. Pl. 1: 94 (1882) [wfo-0000636899]basionym Pentatropis kempeana F.Muell. S. Sci. Rec. 2(8): 172 (1882) [wfo-0001102332] synonym Daemia linearis (Decne.) F.Muell. Syst. Census Austral. Pl. 1: 94 (1882) [wfo-0000636900]basionym Pentatropis linearis Decne. Prodr. 8: 536 (1844) [wfo-0001102333] homotypic Rhyncharrhena linearis (Decne.) K.L.Wilson Telopea 2: 38 (1980) [wfo-0001104661] homotypic Vincetoxicum lineare (Decne.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 154. 2018 [wfo-0001425370] synonym Pentatropis atropurpurea (F.Muell.) Benth. Fl. Austral. 4: 329 (1868) [wfo-0001102331]basionym Rhyncharrhena atropurpurea F.Muell. Fragm. 1: 128 (1859) [wfo-0001102408] synonym Pentatropis kempeana F.Muell. S. Sci. Rec. 2(8): 172 (1882) [wfo-0001102332]homotypic Daemia kempeana (F.Muell.) F.Muell. Syst. Census Austral. Pl. 1: 94 (1882) [wfo-0000636899] synonym Pentatropis linearis Decne. Prodr. 8: 536 (1844) [wfo-0001102333]homotypic Daemia linearis (Decne.) F.Muell. Syst. Census Austral. Pl. 1: 94 (1882) [wfo-0000636900] homotypic Rhyncharrhena linearis (Decne.) K.L.Wilson Telopea 2: 38 (1980) [wfo-0001104661] homotypic Vincetoxicum lineare (Decne.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 154. 2018 [wfo-0001425370] synonym Pentatropis quinquepartita (F.Muell.) Benth. Fl. Austral. 4: 329 (1868) [wfo-0001102336]basionym Rhyncharrhena quinquepartita F.Muell. Fragm. 1: 128 (1859) [wfo-0001102409] synonym Rhyncharrhena atropurpurea F.Muell. Fragm. 1: 128 (1859) [wfo-0001102408]homotypic Pentatropis atropurpurea (F.Muell.) Benth. Fl. Austral. 4: 329 (1868) [wfo-0001102331] synonym Rhyncharrhena linearis (Decne.) K.L.Wilson Telopea 2: 38 (1980) [wfo-0001104661]basionym Pentatropis linearis Decne. Prodr. 8: 536 (1844) [wfo-0001102333] homotypic Daemia linearis (Decne.) F.Muell. Syst. Census Austral. Pl. 1: 94 (1882) [wfo-0000636900] homotypic Vincetoxicum lineare (Decne.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 154. 2018 [wfo-0001425370] synonym Rhyncharrhena quinquepartita F.Muell. Fragm. 1: 128 (1859) [wfo-0001102409]homotypic Pentatropis quinquepartita (F.Muell.) Benth. Fl. Austral. 4: 329 (1868) [wfo-0001102336] V. linearisepalum (P.T.Li) P.T.Li J. S. China Agric. Univ. 12(3): 41 (1991) [wfo-0001241126]basionym Cynanchum linearisepalum P.T.Li Acta Bot. Yunnan. 12: 20 (1990) [wfo-0000633259] synonym Cynanchum linearisepalum P.T.Li Acta Bot. Yunnan. 12: 20 (1990) [wfo-0000633259]homotypic Vincetoxicum linearisepalum (P.T.Li) P.T.Li J. S. China Agric. Univ. 12(3): 41 (1991) [wfo-0001241126] V. linifolium Balf.f. Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh 12: 79 (1883) [wfo-0001102719]synonym Cynanchum linifolium (Balf.f.) Bullock J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 55: 718 (1957) [wfo-0000633260] V. liukiuense (Matsum.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 154. 2018 [wfo-1000008113]basionym Tylophora liukiuensis Matsum. Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 12: 40 (1898) [wfo-0000410730] synonym Tylophora liukiuensis Matsum. Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 12: 40 (1898) [wfo-0000410730]homotypic Vincetoxicum liukiuense (Matsum.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 154. 2018 [wfo-1000008113] V. longifolium (Wight) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0000420983]synonym Tylophora longifolia Wight Contr. Bot. India : 50 (1834) [wfo-0001102674] V. longipes (Turcz.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 155. 2018 [wfo-0001425361]synonym Amblyoglossum longipes Turcz. Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 25(II): 311 (1852) [wfo-0000530720] V. lugardiae (Bullock) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 155. 2018 [wfo-0001425362]synonym Tylophora corollae Bullock ex Meve & Liede Edinburgh J. Bot. 53: 323 (1996) [wfo-0000411595] synonym Tylophora lugardiae Bullock Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1932: 496 (1932) [wfo-0001104403] V. lui (Y.H.Tseng & C.T.Chao) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 155. 2018 [wfo-0001425363]synonym Tylophora lui Y.H.Tseng & C.T.Chao Ann. Bot. Fenn. 48: 515 (2011) [wfo-0001040460] V. luridum Stocks ex S.A.Shah Phytotaxa 357(2): 123. 2018 [wfo-1200002943] V. lycioides (E.Mey.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0000420970]basionym Cynoctonum lycioides E.Mey. Comm. Pl. Afr. Austr. 217 1838 [wfo-0000633802] synonym Cynanchum lycioides Steud. Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2. 1: 462; D. Dietr. Syn. Pl. 2: 906. 1840 [wfo-0000633280] synonym Cynoctonum lycioides E.Mey. Comm. Pl. Afr. Austr. 217 1838 [wfo-0000633802]homotypic Vincetoxicum lycioides (E.Mey.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0000420970] synonym Tylophora lycioides (E.Mey.) Decne. Prodr. 8: 608 (1844) [wfo-0001102676] V. macrophyllum Siebold & Zucc. Abh. Math.-Phys. Cl. Königl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. 4(3): 162 (1846) [wfo-0000420978]homotypic Cynanchum macrophyllum (Siebold & Zucc.) Matsum. Index Pl. Jap. 2: 511 (1912) [wfo-0000633290] synonym Cynanchum grandifolium Hemsl. J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 106 (1889) [wfo-0000633116]homotypic Vincetoxicum grandifolium (Hemsl.) P.T.Li J. S. China Agric. Univ. 12(3): 41 (1991) [wfo-0000421696] synonym Cynanchum kiusianum Nakai Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 28: 334 (1914) [wfo-0000633217] synonym Cynanchum lasiocarpum Koidz. Fl. Symb. Orient.-Asiat. : 1 (1930) [wfo-0000633232] synonym Cynanchum macrophyllum (Siebold & Zucc.) Matsum. Index Pl. Jap. 2: 511 (1912) [wfo-0000633290]basionym Vincetoxicum macrophyllum Siebold & Zucc. Abh. Math.-Phys. Cl. Königl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. 4(3): 162 (1846) [wfo-0000420978] synonym Vincetoxicum grandifolium (Hemsl.) P.T.Li J. S. China Agric. Univ. 12(3): 41 (1991) [wfo-0000421696]basionym Cynanchum grandifolium Hemsl. J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 106 (1889) [wfo-0000633116] V. maeoticum (Kleopow) Barbar. Vyzn. Rosl. Ukr. : 395 (1950) [wfo-0001104724] V. mairei (Hand.-Mazz.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 155. 2018 [wfo-0001425364]synonym Adelostemma mairei Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: 993 (1936) [wfo-0000519718] synonym Biondia yunnanensis (H.Lév.) Tsiang Sunyatsenia 6: 126 (1941) [wfo-0000565426]basionym Dischidia yunnanensis H.Lév. Cat. Pl. Yun-Nan : 14 (1915) [wfo-0000651799] synonym Dischidia yunnanensis H.Lév. Cat. Pl. Yun-Nan : 14 (1915) [wfo-0000651799]homotypic Biondia yunnanensis (H.Lév.) Tsiang Sunyatsenia 6: 126 (1941) [wfo-0000565426] V. matsumurae (T.Yamaz.) H.Ohashi J. Jap. Bot. 65: 277 (1990) [wfo-0000420966]basionym Cynanchum matsumurae T.Yamaz. J. Jap. Bot. 43: 222 (1968) [wfo-0000633315] homotypic Tylophora matsumurae (T.Yamaz.) T.Yamash. & Tateishi J. Jap. Bot. 78: 353 (2003) [wfo-0000415155] synonym Cynanchum matsumurae T.Yamaz. J. Jap. Bot. 43: 222 (1968) [wfo-0000633315]homotypic Tylophora matsumurae (T.Yamaz.) T.Yamash. & Tateishi J. Jap. Bot. 78: 353 (2003) [wfo-0000415155] homotypic Vincetoxicum matsumurae (T.Yamaz.) H.Ohashi J. Jap. Bot. 65: 277 (1990) [wfo-0000420966] synonym Cynanchum villosum Matsum. Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 12: 39 (1898) [wfo-0000633722] synonym Tylophora matsumurae (T.Yamaz.) T.Yamash. & Tateishi J. Jap. Bot. 78: 353 (2003) [wfo-0000415155]basionym Cynanchum matsumurae T.Yamaz. J. Jap. Bot. 43: 222 (1968) [wfo-0000633315] homotypic Vincetoxicum matsumurae (T.Yamaz.) H.Ohashi J. Jap. Bot. 65: 277 (1990) [wfo-0000420966] V. membranaceum (Tsiang & P.T.Li) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 156. 2018 [wfo-0001425365]synonym Tylophora membranacea Y.Tsiang & P.T.Li Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12: 141 (1974) [wfo-0001104640] V. micranthum (Thunb.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0000420959]basionym Cynanchum micranthum Thunb. Observ. Cynanch. : 5 (1821) [wfo-0000633338] synonym Cynanchum micranthum Thunb. Observ. Cynanch. : 5 (1821) [wfo-0000633338]homotypic Vincetoxicum micranthum (Thunb.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0000420959] synonym Tylophora micrantha (Thunb.) Thwaites Enum. Pl. Zeyl.: 197 (1860) [wfo-1000075527] synonym Tylophora zeylanica Decne. Prodr. 8: 608 (1844) [wfo-0000410744] synonym Vincetoxicum zeylanicum (Decne.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 167. 2018 [wfo-0001425427] V. microcentrum (Tsiang) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 156. 2018 [wfo-0001425366]synonym Adelostemma microcentrum Tsiang Sunyatsenia 2: 184 (1934) [wfo-0000519719]homotypic Biondia microcentra (Tsiang) P.T.Li J. S. China Agric. Univ. 12(3): 39 (1991) [wfo-0000565421] synonym Biondia elliptica P.T.Li & Z.Y.Zhu Acta Bot. Yunnan. 4: 161 (1982) [wfo-0000565414] synonym Biondia microcentra (Tsiang) P.T.Li J. S. China Agric. Univ. 12(3): 39 (1991) [wfo-0000565421]basionym Adelostemma microcentrum Tsiang Sunyatsenia 2: 184 (1934) [wfo-0000519719] V. microstachys (Hook.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 156. 2018 [wfo-0001425367]synonym Tylophora microstachys Hook. Hooker's Icon. Pl. 15: t. 1450 (1883) [wfo-0000411771] V. miquelianum Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0000420927]synonym Hybanthera villosa Miq. Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 490 (1857) [wfo-0001102122]basionym Tylophora villosa Blume Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. : 1061 (1826) [wfo-0001102691] synonym Tylophora miquelii Boerl. Handl. Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 438 (1899) [wfo-0000411775] V. mongolicum Maxim. Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg, sér. 3, 23: 356 (1877) [wfo-0001102726]homotypic Cynanchum mongolicum (Maxim.) Kom. Trudy Glavn. Bot. Sada, n.s. 34: 54 1920 [wfo-0001104848] synonym Cynanchum hancockianum (Maxim.) Iljinski Bot. Mater. Gerb. Glavn. Bot. Sada R.S.F.S.R. 2: 18 (1921) [wfo-0000633129]basionym Vincetoxicum mongolicum var. hancockianum Maxim. Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg sér. 3, 23: 356. 1877 [wfo-0000733970] homotypic Vincetoxicum hancockianum (Maxim.) C.Y.Wu & D.Z.Li Acta Bot. Yunnan. 11: 47 (1989) [wfo-0001104845] synonym Cynanchum komarovii Iljinski Bot. Mater. Gerb. Glavn. Bot. Sada R.S.F.S.R. 2: 18 (1921) [wfo-0000633219] synonym Cynanchum mongolicum (Maxim.) Hemsl. J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 107 (1889) [wfo-0000633351] synonym Cynanchum mongolicum (Maxim.) Kom. Trudy Glavn. Bot. Sada, n.s. 34: 54 1920 [wfo-0001104848]basionym Vincetoxicum mongolicum Maxim. Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg, sér. 3, 23: 356 (1877) [wfo-0001102726] synonym Pycnostelma lateriflorum Hemsl. J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 102 (1889) [wfo-0001102885]homotypic Vincetoxicum lateriflorum (Hemsl.) Kitag. J. Jap. Bot. 16: 20 (1940) [wfo-0001104286] synonym Vincetoxicum hancockianum (Maxim.) C.Y.Wu & D.Z.Li Acta Bot. Yunnan. 11: 47 (1989) [wfo-0001104845]basionym Vincetoxicum mongolicum var. hancockianum Maxim. Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg sér. 3, 23: 356. 1877 [wfo-0000733970] homotypic Cynanchum hancockianum (Maxim.) Iljinski Bot. Mater. Gerb. Glavn. Bot. Sada R.S.F.S.R. 2: 18 (1921) [wfo-0000633129] synonym Vincetoxicum lateriflorum (Hemsl.) Kitag. J. Jap. Bot. 16: 20 (1940) [wfo-0001104286]basionym Pycnostelma lateriflorum Hemsl. J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 102 (1889) [wfo-0001102885] V. mugodsharicum Pobed. Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 14: 281 (1951) [wfo-0001104288]synonym Alexitoxicon mugodsharicum (Pobed.) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338243] synonym Antitoxicum mugodsharicum (Pobed.) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 690 (1952) [wfo-0000340307] V. nakaianum K.Mochizuki & Ohi-Toma Phytokeys 247: 193 (2024) [wfo-1000075528]synonym Cynanchum magnificum Nakai J. Jap. Bot. 13: 69, in obs. (1937) [wfo-0000633298]homotypic Vincetoxicum magnificum (Nakai) Kitag. J. Jap. Bot. 34: 364 (1959) [wfo-0001104296] synonym Vincetoxicum magnificum (Nakai) Kitag. J. Jap. Bot. 34: 364 (1959) [wfo-0001104296]basionym Cynanchum magnificum Nakai J. Jap. Bot. 13: 69, in obs. (1937) [wfo-0000633298] V. nanum (Buch.-Ham. ex Wight) Liede Taxon 45: 205 (1996) [wfo-0001250375]basionym Cynanchum nanum Buch.-Ham. ex Wight Contr. Bot. India : 59 (1834) [wfo-0000633380] homotypic Pentabothra nana (Buch.-Ham. ex Wight) Hook.f. Fl. Brit. India 4: 19 (1883) [wfo-0001102325] synonym Cynanchum nanum Buch.-Ham. ex Wight Contr. Bot. India : 59 (1834) [wfo-0000633380]homotypic Pentabothra nana (Buch.-Ham. ex Wight) Hook.f. Fl. Brit. India 4: 19 (1883) [wfo-0001102325] homotypic Vincetoxicum nanum (Buch.-Ham. ex Wight) Liede Taxon 45: 205 (1996) [wfo-0001250375] synonym Pentabothra nana (Buch.-Ham. ex Wight) Hook.f. Fl. Brit. India 4: 19 (1883) [wfo-0001102325]basionym Cynanchum nanum Buch.-Ham. ex Wight Contr. Bot. India : 59 (1834) [wfo-0000633380] homotypic Vincetoxicum nanum (Buch.-Ham. ex Wight) Liede Taxon 45: 205 (1996) [wfo-0001250375] V. neglectum (J.Mathew) Kottaim. Int. J. Curr. Res. Biosci. Pl. Biol. 6(10): 37. 2019 [wfo-1000034894]basionym Tylophora neglecta J.Mathew NeBIO 8(3): 132, fig. 3. 2017 [Sep 2017] [wfo-1000035460] synonym Tylophora neglecta J.Mathew NeBIO 8(3): 132, fig. 3. 2017 [Sep 2017] [wfo-1000035460]homotypic Vincetoxicum neglectum (J.Mathew) Kottaim. Int. J. Curr. Res. Biosci. Pl. Biol. 6(10): 37. 2019 [wfo-1000034894] V. nicobaricum (Murugan & M.Y.Kamble) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 157. 2018 [wfo-0001425369]synonym Tylophora nicobarica Murugan & M.Y.Kamble Rheedea 22(2): 83. 2012 [31 Dec 2012] [wfo-0001335296] V. nigrum (L.) Moench Suppl. Meth. : 313 (1802) [wfo-0000420947]homotypic Alexitoxicon nigrum (L.) St.-Lag. Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 9: 539 (1882) [wfo-0000338244] homotypic Antitoxicum nigrum (L.) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 680 (1952) [wfo-0000340308] synonym Alexitoxicon melanthum (Jord. & Fourr.) St.-Lag. Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 9: 540 (1882) [wfo-0000338241] synonym Alexitoxicon nigrum (L.) St.-Lag. Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 9: 539 (1882) [wfo-0000338244]basionym Vincetoxicum nigrum (L.) Moench Suppl. Meth. : 313 (1802) [wfo-0000420947] homotypic Antitoxicum nigrum (L.) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 680 (1952) [wfo-0000340308] synonym Antitoxicum nigrum (L.) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 680 (1952) [wfo-0000340308]basionym Vincetoxicum nigrum (L.) Moench Suppl. Meth. : 313 (1802) [wfo-0000420947] homotypic Alexitoxicon nigrum (L.) St.-Lag. Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 9: 539 (1882) [wfo-0000338244] synonym Asclepias fuscata Willd. Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol., Suppl.: 13 (1814) [wfo-0000551351] synonym Asclepias media Steud. Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 146 (1840) [wfo-0000551522] synonym Asclepias nigra L. Sp. Pl. : 216 (1753) [wfo-0000551563]homotypic Cynanchum louiseae Kartesz & Gandhi Phytologia 71(4): 270. 1991 [9 Dec 1991] [wfo-0000633272] homotypic Cynanchum nigrum (L.) Pers. Syn. Pl. 2: 274 (1807) [wfo-0000633390] synonym Asclepias ovata Steud. Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 146 (1840) [wfo-0000551601] synonym Cynanchum atrum (Jord. & Fourr.) Breistr. Bull. Soc. Bot. France 107: 132 (1960) [wfo-0000632826] synonym Cynanchum barbatum L.f. ex Schult. Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis 6: 103 (1820) [wfo-0000632839] synonym Cynanchum fuscum (Lour.) Schult. Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis 6: 111 (1820) [wfo-0000633083] synonym Cynanchum louiseae Kartesz & Gandhi Phytologia 71(4): 270. 1991 [9 Dec 1991] [wfo-0000633272]homotypic Cynanchum nigrum (L.) Pers. Syn. Pl. 2: 274 (1807) [wfo-0000633390] synonym Cynanchum medium R.Br. Asclepiadeae : 48 (1810) [wfo-0000633323] synonym Cynanchum nigrum (L.) Pers. Syn. Pl. 2: 274 (1807) [wfo-0000633390]homotypic Cynanchum louiseae Kartesz & Gandhi Phytologia 71(4): 270. 1991 [9 Dec 1991] [wfo-0000633272] synonym Vincetoxicum atrum Jord. & Fourr. Brev. Pl. Nov. 1: 40 (1866) [wfo-0001102707] synonym Vincetoxicum nigricans Jord. & Fourr. Brev. Pl. Nov. 2: 133 (1868) [wfo-0000420946] V. nipponicum (Matsum.) Kitag. J. Jap. Bot. 34: 365 (1959) [wfo-0000420944]basionym Cynanchum nipponicum Matsum. Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 12: 39 (1898) [wfo-0000633392] synonym Cynanchum abukumense Koidz. Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 7: 193 (1938) [wfo-0000632735] synonym Cynanchum glabrum Nakai Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 28: 331 (1914) [wfo-0000633095]homotypic Vincetoxicum glabrum (Nakai) Kitag. J. Jap. Bot. 34: 363 (1959) [wfo-0001104293] synonym Cynanchum glabrum var. rotundifolium Honda Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 50: 391 (1936) [wfo-0000633096]homotypic Cynanchum nipponicum f. rotundifolium (Honda) T.Yamaz. Fl. Japan 3a: 174 (1993) [wfo-0000633393] synonym Cynanchum glabrum f. viridescens Murata Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 17: 12 (1957) [wfo-0000734029] synonym Cynanchum nipponicum Matsum. Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 12: 39 (1898) [wfo-0000633392]homotypic Vincetoxicum nipponicum (Matsum.) Kitag. J. Jap. Bot. 34: 365 (1959) [wfo-0000420944] synonym Cynanchum nipponicum f. rotundifolium (Honda) T.Yamaz. Fl. Japan 3a: 174 (1993) [wfo-0000633393]basionym Cynanchum glabrum var. rotundifolium Honda Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 50: 391 (1936) [wfo-0000633096] synonym Vincetoxicum glabrum (Nakai) Kitag. J. Jap. Bot. 34: 363 (1959) [wfo-0001104293]basionym Cynanchum glabrum Nakai Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 28: 331 (1914) [wfo-0000633095] synonym Vincetoxicum glabrum f. rotundifolium (Honda) Sugim. ex Yonek. J. Jap. Bot. 86(4): 235. 2011 [Aug 2011] [wfo-0001322465] synonym Vincetoxicum glabrum f. viridescens (Murata) Sugim. ex Yonek. J. Jap. Bot. 86(4): 235. 2011 [Aug 2011] [wfo-0001322466] V. oblongum (N.E.Br.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 157. 2018 [wfo-0001425360]synonym Oncostemma cuspidatum K.Schum. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17: 148 (1893) [wfo-0001102857] synonym Secamone conostyla S.Moore Cat. Pl. Oban : 64 (1913) [wfo-0000431710] synonym Tylophora anfracta N.E.Br. Fl. Trop. Afr. 4(1): 408 (1903) [wfo-0000411607] synonym Tylophora liberica N.E.Br. J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 37: 109 (1905) [wfo-0000410568] synonym Tylophora oblonga N.E.Br. Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1895: 257 (1895) [wfo-0000411777] synonym Tylophora plagiopetala Schltr. & K.Schum. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 330 (1903) [wfo-0001103374] V. oculatum (N.E.Br.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 157. 2018 [wfo-0001425371]synonym Tylophora deightonii Hutch. & Dalziel Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1937(6): 340, descr. lat. [11 Aug 1937] [wfo-0000411565] synonym Tylophora oculata N.E.Br. Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1895: 112 (1895) [wfo-0000411778] V. oligophyllum (Tsiang) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 157. 2018 [wfo-0001425372]synonym Absolmsia oligophylla Tsiang Sunyatsenia 6: 121 (1941) [wfo-0000231490]homotypic Tylophora oligophylla (Tsiang) M.G.Gilbert, W.D.Stevens & P.T.Li Novon 5: 14 (1995) [wfo-0001104884] synonym Tylophora oligophylla (Tsiang) M.G.Gilbert, W.D.Stevens & P.T.Li Novon 5: 14 (1995) [wfo-0001104884]basionym Absolmsia oligophylla Tsiang Sunyatsenia 6: 121 (1941) [wfo-0000231490] V. oshimae (Hayata) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 157. 2018 [wfo-0001425373]synonym Tylophora oshimae Hayata J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 30(1): 197 (1911) [wfo-0001103984] V. ovatum Benth. Fl. Austral. 4: 330 (1868) [wfo-0000420936]homotypic Cynanchum ovatum (Benth.) Domin Biblioth. Bot. 22(89): 531 (1928) [wfo-0000633426] synonym Cynanchum bowmanii S.T.Blake Proc. Roy. Soc. Queensland 59: 168 (1948) [wfo-0000632871] synonym Cynanchum bowmanii S.T.Blake Proc. Roy. Soc. Queensland 59: 168. 1948 [wfo-0001350755] synonym Cynanchum ovatum (Benth.) Domin Biblioth. Bot. 22(89): 531 (1928) [wfo-0000633426]basionym Vincetoxicum ovatum Benth. Fl. Austral. 4: 330 (1868) [wfo-0000420936] V. paniculatum (R.Br.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 425 (1891) [wfo-0001103118]basionym Tylophora paniculata R.Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. : 460 (1810) [wfo-0001102681] homotypic Hoya paniculata (R.Br.) Spreng. Syst. Veg. 1: 843 (1824) [wfo-0001102106] synonym Hoya paniculata (R.Br.) Spreng. Syst. Veg. 1: 843 (1824) [wfo-0001102106]basionym Tylophora paniculata R.Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. : 460 (1810) [wfo-0001102681] homotypic Vincetoxicum paniculatum (R.Br.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 425 (1891) [wfo-0001103118] synonym Tylophora paniculata R.Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. : 460 (1810) [wfo-0001102681]homotypic Hoya paniculata (R.Br.) Spreng. Syst. Veg. 1: 843 (1824) [wfo-0001102106] homotypic Vincetoxicum paniculatum (R.Br.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 425 (1891) [wfo-0001103118] V. pannonicum (Borhidi) Holub Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 5: 439 (1970) [wfo-0000420940]basionym Cynanchum pannonicum Borhidi Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 12: 242 (1966) [wfo-0000633441] homotypic Alexitoxicon pannonicum (Borhidi) Borhidi Bot. Közlem. 54: 151 (1967) [wfo-0000338247] synonym Alexitoxicon pannonicum (Borhidi) Borhidi Bot. Közlem. 54: 151 (1967) [wfo-0000338247]basionym Cynanchum pannonicum Borhidi Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 12: 242 (1966) [wfo-0000633441] homotypic Vincetoxicum pannonicum (Borhidi) Holub Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 5: 439 (1970) [wfo-0000420940] synonym Cynanchum pannonicum Borhidi Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 12: 242 (1966) [wfo-0000633441]homotypic Alexitoxicon pannonicum (Borhidi) Borhidi Bot. Közlem. 54: 151 (1967) [wfo-0000338247] homotypic Vincetoxicum pannonicum (Borhidi) Holub Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 5: 439 (1970) [wfo-0000420940] V. parviflorum Decne. Prodr. 8: 525 (1844) [wfo-0000420941]homotypic Cynanchum parviflorum (Decne.) K.Schum. Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4(2): 252 (1895) [wfo-0000633448] synonym Cynanchum parviflorum (Decne.) K.Schum. Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4(2): 252 (1895) [wfo-0000633448]basionym Vincetoxicum parviflorum Decne. Prodr. 8: 525 (1844) [wfo-0000420941] synonym Vincetoxicum stelliflorum Boiss. & Kotschy Diagn. Pl. Orient., ser. 2, 3: 120 (1856) [wfo-0000421030] V. parviurnulum (M.G.Gilbert & P.T.Li) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 157. 2018 [wfo-0001425374]synonym Biondia parviurnula M.G.Gilbert & P.T.Li Novon 5: 2 (1995) [wfo-0000565422] V. parvum Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 158. 2018 [wfo-0001425375]synonym Tylophora parvifolia Robyns & Lebrun Ann. Soc. Sci. Bruxelles, Sér. B 52: 35 (1932) [wfo-0000411731] V. petrense (Hemsl. & Lace) Rech.f. Fl. Iranica 73: 14 (1970) [wfo-0001104303]basionym Cynanchum petrense Hemsl. & Lace J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 28: 326 (1891) [wfo-0000633465] synonym Cynanchum petrense Hemsl. & Lace J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 28: 326 (1891) [wfo-0000633465]homotypic Vincetoxicum petrense (Hemsl. & Lace) Rech.f. Fl. Iranica 73: 14 (1970) [wfo-0001104303] V. philippicum Meve, Omlor & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 158. 2018 [wfo-0001425376]synonym Telosma crispipetala Elmer Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 10: 3595 (1938) [wfo-0000411693] synonym Telosma parviflora Merr. Philipp. J. Sci. 17: 312 (1920 publ. 1921) [wfo-0000411696] V. pictum (Tsiang) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 158. 2018 [wfo-0001425377]synonym Tylophora picta Tsiang Sunyatsenia 3: 218 (1936) [wfo-0001104458] V. pierrei (Costantin) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 158. 2018 [wfo-0001425378]synonym Tylophora pierrei Costantin Fl. Indo-Chine 4: 112 (1912) [wfo-0000411715] V. pilosellum Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 158. 2018 [wfo-0001425379]synonym Biondia pilosa Tsiang & P.T.Li Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12: 112 (1974) [wfo-0000565423] V. pingshanicum (M.G.Gilbert & P.T.Li) Liede Taxon 45: 206 (1996) [wfo-0001237977]basionym Cynanchum pingshanicum M.G.Gilbert & P.T.Li Novon 5: 8 (1995) [wfo-0000633475] synonym Cynanchum pingshanicum M.G.Gilbert & P.T.Li Novon 5: 8 (1995) [wfo-0000633475]homotypic Vincetoxicum pingshanicum (M.G.Gilbert & P.T.Li) Liede Taxon 45: 206 (1996) [wfo-0001237977] V. pingtaoanum Cai F.Zhang, G.W.Hu & Q.F.Wang Phytotaxa 564(1): 61. 2022 [wfo-1000040722] V. platypodum (K.Schum. ex De Wild.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 158. 2018 [wfo-1000008114]synonym Sphaerocodon platypodum K.Schum. Ann. Mus. Congo Belge, Bot. sér. 4, 1: 225 (1903) [wfo-1000037897] synonym Sphaerocodon platypodus K.Schum. ex De Wild. Ann. Mus. Congo Belge, Bot. sér. 4, [1(3)]: 225. 1903 [1902-1903 publ. Jan 1903] [wfo-0001103357] V. potamophilum A.Kidyoo Taiwania 63(1): 30. 2018 [wfo-0001425428]synonym Tylophora riparia Kerr Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1938: 451 (1938) [wfo-0000411742] V. pumilum Decne. Prodr. 8: 525 (1844) [wfo-0001102734]synonym Alexitoxicon pumilum (Decne.) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338251] synonym Antitoxicum pumilum (Decne.) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 692 (1952) [wfo-0000340310] synonym Cynanchum pumilum (Decne.) Bornm. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 66: 234 (1934) [wfo-0000633491] V. purpurascens C.Morren & Decne. Bull. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles 3: 17 (1836) [wfo-0000421012]synonym Asclepias purpurascens Georgi Beschr. Nation. Russ. Reich 3(4): 813 (1800) [wfo-0000551681] synonym Cynanchum purpurascens (C.Morren & Decne.) Matsum. Index Pl. Jap. 2(2): 511 (1912) [wfo-0000633496] synonym Cynanchum vernyi (Franch. & Sav.) Matsum. Index Pl. Jap. 2(2): 512 (1912) [wfo-0000633715] synonym Vincetoxicum purpurascens var. albiflorum Franch. & Sav. Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 438. 1877 [wfo-0001104819] synonym Vincetoxicum verreyi Franch. & Sav. Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 438 (1878) [wfo-0000421863] V. raddeanum Albov Prodr. Fl. Colchic. : 170 (1895) [wfo-0001103163]synonym Alexitoxicon raddeanum (Albov) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338252] synonym Antitoxicum raddeanum (Albov) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 695 (1952) [wfo-0000340311] synonym Cynanchum raddeanum (Albov) Kusn. Fl. Caucas. Crit. 4(1): 442 (1905) [wfo-0000633512] V. rechingeri (Schltr.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 159. 2018 [wfo-0001425351]synonym Tylophora rechingeri Schltr. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 50: 154 (1913) [wfo-0000411736] V. rehmannii Boiss. Fl. Orient. 4: 53 (1875) [wfo-0001102735]synonym Alexitoxicon rehmannii (Boiss.) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338253] synonym Antitoxicum rehmannii (Boiss.) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 682 (1952) [wfo-0000340312] synonym Cynanchum rehmannii (Boiss.) Kusn. Fl. Caucas. Crit. 4(1): 453 (1905) [wfo-0000633521] V. renchangii (Tsiang) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 159. 2018 [wfo-0001425368]synonym Tylophora glabra Costantin Fl. Indo-Chine 4: 109 (1912) [wfo-0001103981] synonym Tylophora longipedicellata Y.Tsiang & P.T.Li Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12: 136 (1974) [wfo-0001104639] synonym Tylophora renchangii Tsiang Sunyatsenia 3: 232 (1936) [wfo-0001104459] V. revolutum (M.G.Gilbert & P.T.Li) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 160. 2018 [wfo-0001425344]synonym Biondia revoluta M.G.Gilbert & P.T.Li Novon 5: 3 (1995) [wfo-0000565424] V. riparium (Tsiang & H.D.Zhang) C.Y.Wu & D.Z.Li Acta Bot. Yunnan. 11: 47 (1989) [wfo-0001104852]basionym Cynanchum riparium Tsiang & H.D.Zhang Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12: 96 (1974) [wfo-0000633534] synonym Cynanchum riparium Tsiang & H.D.Zhang Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12: 96 (1974) [wfo-0000633534]homotypic Vincetoxicum riparium (Tsiang & H.D.Zhang) C.Y.Wu & D.Z.Li Acta Bot. Yunnan. 11: 47 (1989) [wfo-0001104852] V. robinsonii (Costantin) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 160. 2018 [wfo-0001425345]synonym Spirella robinsonii Costantin Fl. Indo-Chine 4: 79 (1912) [wfo-0000431081] V. rockii (M.G.Gilbert & P.T.Li) Liede Taxon 45: 206 (1996) [wfo-0001237978]basionym Cynanchum rockii M.G.Gilbert & P.T.Li Novon 5: 8 (1995) [wfo-0000633537] synonym Cynanchum rockii M.G.Gilbert & P.T.Li Novon 5: 8 (1995) [wfo-0000633537]homotypic Vincetoxicum rockii (M.G.Gilbert & P.T.Li) Liede Taxon 45: 206 (1996) [wfo-0001237978] V. rossicum (Kleopow) Barbar. Vyzn. Rosl. Ukr. : 345 (1950) [wfo-0000745502]basionym Cynanchum rossicum Kleopow Index Kew., Suppl. 8: 67 (1933) [wfo-0000633542] homotypic Alexitoxicon rosaicum (Kleopow) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338254] homotypic Alexitoxicon rossicum (Kleopow) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0001104565] homotypic Antitoxicum rossicum (Kleopow) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 690 (1952) [wfo-0000340314] homotypic Vincetoxicum officinale var. rossicum (Kleopow) Grodz. Fl. Polska 12: 49 (1971) [wfo-0000420934] synonym Alexitoxicon rosaicum (Kleopow) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338254]basionym Cynanchum rossicum Kleopow Index Kew., Suppl. 8: 67 (1933) [wfo-0000633542] homotypic Alexitoxicon rossicum (Kleopow) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0001104565] homotypic Antitoxicum rossicum (Kleopow) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 690 (1952) [wfo-0000340314] homotypic Vincetoxicum officinale var. rossicum (Kleopow) Grodz. Fl. Polska 12: 49 (1971) [wfo-0000420934] homotypic Vincetoxicum rossicum (Kleopow) Barbar. Vyzn. Rosl. Ukr. : 345 (1950) [wfo-0000745502] synonym Alexitoxicon rossicum (Kleopow) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0001104565]basionym Cynanchum rossicum Kleopow Index Kew., Suppl. 8: 67 (1933) [wfo-0000633542] homotypic Alexitoxicon rosaicum (Kleopow) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338254] homotypic Antitoxicum rossicum (Kleopow) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 690 (1952) [wfo-0000340314] homotypic Vincetoxicum officinale var. rossicum (Kleopow) Grodz. Fl. Polska 12: 49 (1971) [wfo-0000420934] homotypic Vincetoxicum rossicum (Kleopow) Barbar. Vyzn. Rosl. Ukr. : 345 (1950) [wfo-0000745502] synonym Antitoxicum rossicum (Kleopow) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 690 (1952) [wfo-0000340314]basionym Cynanchum rossicum Kleopow Index Kew., Suppl. 8: 67 (1933) [wfo-0000633542] homotypic Alexitoxicon rosaicum (Kleopow) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338254] homotypic Alexitoxicon rossicum (Kleopow) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0001104565] homotypic Vincetoxicum officinale var. rossicum (Kleopow) Grodz. Fl. Polska 12: 49 (1971) [wfo-0000420934] homotypic Vincetoxicum rossicum (Kleopow) Barbar. Vyzn. Rosl. Ukr. : 345 (1950) [wfo-0000745502] synonym Cynanchum melanthos Poir. Encycl., Suppl. 2: 430 (1812) [wfo-0000633326] synonym Cynanchum rossicum Kleopow Index Kew., Suppl. 8: 67 (1933) [wfo-0000633542]homotypic Alexitoxicon rosaicum (Kleopow) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338254] homotypic Alexitoxicon rossicum (Kleopow) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0001104565] homotypic Antitoxicum rossicum (Kleopow) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 690 (1952) [wfo-0000340314] homotypic Vincetoxicum officinale var. rossicum (Kleopow) Grodz. Fl. Polska 12: 49 (1971) [wfo-0000420934] homotypic Vincetoxicum rossicum (Kleopow) Barbar. Vyzn. Rosl. Ukr. : 345 (1950) [wfo-0000745502] synonym Cynanchum rossicum Borhidi Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 12: 245, in clavi. 1966 [wfo-0001104586] synonym Vincetoxicum officinale var. rossicum (Kleopow) Grodz. Fl. Polska 12: 49 (1971) [wfo-0000420934]basionym Cynanchum rossicum Kleopow Index Kew., Suppl. 8: 67 (1933) [wfo-0000633542] homotypic Alexitoxicon rosaicum (Kleopow) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338254] homotypic Alexitoxicon rossicum (Kleopow) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0001104565] homotypic Antitoxicum rossicum (Kleopow) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 690 (1952) [wfo-0000340314] homotypic Vincetoxicum rossicum (Kleopow) Barbar. Vyzn. Rosl. Ukr. : 345 (1950) [wfo-0000745502] V. rotundifolium (Buch.-Ham. ex Wight) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 425 (1891) [wfo-0000420918]synonym Tylophora rotundifolia Buch.-Ham. ex Wight Contr. Bot. India : 50 (1834) [wfo-0001102682] synonym Tylophora trichophylla Tsiang Sunyatsenia 3: 221 (1936) [wfo-0001104463] V. rupestre (Blume) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 425 (1891) [wfo-0000420921]synonym Tylophora rupestris Blume Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. : 1062 (1826) [wfo-0000411747] V. rupicola (P.I.Forst.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 160. 2018 [wfo-0001425346]synonym Tylophora rupicola P.I.Forst. Austral. Syst. Bot. 5: 46 (1992) [wfo-0000411744] V. sakaianum (Honda) Kitag. J. Jap. Bot. 34: 365 (1959) [wfo-0001104297]synonym Cynanchum sakaianum Honda Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 49: 789 (1935) [wfo-0000633564] V. sakesarense Ali & Khatoon Pakistan J. Bot. 14: 67 (1982) [wfo-0001104199] V. sangyojarniae A.Kidyoo Pl. Syst. Evol. 309(4)-27: 8 2023 [wfo-1000057641] V. sarasinorum (Warb.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 160. 2018 [wfo-0001425347]synonym Tylophora sarasinorum Warb. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 3: 314 (1907) [wfo-0000411745] V. scandens Sommier & Levier Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 12: 158 (1892) [wfo-0000421037]homotypic Alexitoxicon scandens (Sommier & Levier) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338255] homotypic Antitoxicum scandens (Sommier & Levier) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 680 (1952) [wfo-0000340315] homotypic Cynanchum scandens (Sommier & Levier) Kusn. Fl. Caucas. Crit. 4(1): 445 (1905) [wfo-0000633573] synonym Alexitoxicon scandens (Sommier & Levier) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338255]basionym Vincetoxicum scandens Sommier & Levier Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 12: 158 (1892) [wfo-0000421037] homotypic Antitoxicum scandens (Sommier & Levier) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 680 (1952) [wfo-0000340315] homotypic Cynanchum scandens (Sommier & Levier) Kusn. Fl. Caucas. Crit. 4(1): 445 (1905) [wfo-0000633573] synonym Antitoxicum scandens (Sommier & Levier) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 680 (1952) [wfo-0000340315]basionym Vincetoxicum scandens Sommier & Levier Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 12: 158 (1892) [wfo-0000421037] homotypic Alexitoxicon scandens (Sommier & Levier) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338255] homotypic Cynanchum scandens (Sommier & Levier) Kusn. Fl. Caucas. Crit. 4(1): 445 (1905) [wfo-0000633573] synonym Cynanchum scandens (Sommier & Levier) Kusn. Fl. Caucas. Crit. 4(1): 445 (1905) [wfo-0000633573]basionym Vincetoxicum scandens Sommier & Levier Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 12: 158 (1892) [wfo-0000421037] homotypic Alexitoxicon scandens (Sommier & Levier) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338255] homotypic Antitoxicum scandens (Sommier & Levier) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 680 (1952) [wfo-0000340315] synonym Vincetoxicum amplifolium K.Koch Linnaea 23: 592 (1850) [wfo-0001102704] V. schimperi (Vatke) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 160. 2018 [wfo-0001425348]synonym Astephanus schimperi Vatke Oesterr. Bot. Z. 26: 145 (1876) [wfo-0000552579]homotypic Pleurostelma schimperi (Vatke) Liede Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 114: 91 (1994) [wfo-0001251983] homotypic Podostelma schimperi (Vatke) K.Schum. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17: 133 (1893) [wfo-0001102883] synonym Pleurostelma schimperi (Vatke) Liede Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 114: 91 (1994) [wfo-0001251983]basionym Astephanus schimperi Vatke Oesterr. Bot. Z. 26: 145 (1876) [wfo-0000552579] homotypic Podostelma schimperi (Vatke) K.Schum. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17: 133 (1893) [wfo-0001102883] synonym Podostelma schimperi (Vatke) K.Schum. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17: 133 (1893) [wfo-0001102883]basionym Astephanus schimperi Vatke Oesterr. Bot. Z. 26: 145 (1876) [wfo-0000552579] homotypic Pleurostelma schimperi (Vatke) Liede Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 114: 91 (1994) [wfo-0001251983] V. schmalhausenii (Kusn.) Litv. Fl. Sredn. Rossii (Maevski), ed. 5 405 (1917) [wfo-0000421039]basionym Cynanchum schmalhausenii Kusn. Fl. Caucas. Crit. 4(1): 469 (1906) [wfo-0000633580] homotypic Alexitoxicon schmalhausenii (Kusn.) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338256] homotypic Antitoxicum schmalhausenii (Kusn.) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 684 (1952) [wfo-0000340316] homotypic Vincetoxicum schmalhauseni (Kusn.) Markgr. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 65(4): 358 1972 [wfo-0001104307] synonym Alexitoxicon schmalhausenii (Kusn.) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338256]basionym Cynanchum schmalhausenii Kusn. Fl. Caucas. Crit. 4(1): 469 (1906) [wfo-0000633580] homotypic Antitoxicum schmalhausenii (Kusn.) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 684 (1952) [wfo-0000340316] homotypic Vincetoxicum schmalhauseni (Kusn.) Markgr. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 65(4): 358 1972 [wfo-0001104307] homotypic Vincetoxicum schmalhausenii (Kusn.) Litv. Fl. Sredn. Rossii (Maevski), ed. 5 405 (1917) [wfo-0000421039] synonym Antitoxicum schmalhausenii (Kusn.) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 684 (1952) [wfo-0000340316]basionym Cynanchum schmalhausenii Kusn. Fl. Caucas. Crit. 4(1): 469 (1906) [wfo-0000633580] homotypic Alexitoxicon schmalhausenii (Kusn.) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338256] homotypic Vincetoxicum schmalhauseni (Kusn.) Markgr. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 65(4): 358 1972 [wfo-0001104307] homotypic Vincetoxicum schmalhausenii (Kusn.) Litv. Fl. Sredn. Rossii (Maevski), ed. 5 405 (1917) [wfo-0000421039] synonym Cynanchum schmalhausenii Kusn. Fl. Caucas. Crit. 4(1): 469 (1906) [wfo-0000633580]homotypic Alexitoxicon schmalhausenii (Kusn.) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338256] homotypic Antitoxicum schmalhausenii (Kusn.) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 684 (1952) [wfo-0000340316] homotypic Vincetoxicum schmalhauseni (Kusn.) Markgr. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 65(4): 358 1972 [wfo-0001104307] homotypic Vincetoxicum schmalhausenii (Kusn.) Litv. Fl. Sredn. Rossii (Maevski), ed. 5 405 (1917) [wfo-0000421039] synonym Vincetoxicum schmalhauseni (Kusn.) Markgr. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 65(4): 358 1972 [wfo-0001104307]basionym Cynanchum schmalhausenii Kusn. Fl. Caucas. Crit. 4(1): 469 (1906) [wfo-0000633580] homotypic Alexitoxicon schmalhausenii (Kusn.) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338256] homotypic Antitoxicum schmalhausenii (Kusn.) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 684 (1952) [wfo-0000340316] homotypic Vincetoxicum schmalhausenii (Kusn.) Litv. Fl. Sredn. Rossii (Maevski), ed. 5 405 (1917) [wfo-0000421039] V. schneideri Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 161. 2018 [wfo-0001425349]synonym Tylophora nana C.K.Schneid. Pl. Wilson. 3: 351 (1916) [wfo-0001104022] synonym Tylophora nana var. gansuensis L.C.Wang & X.G.Sun Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 10(4): 46 (1990) [wfo-0001104877] V. schumannii Deroliya, Ram.Kumar bis & Sanjeet Kumar J. Biodivers. Conservation 9(1): 86 (2025) [wfo-1000079268]synonym Astephanus stenolobus K.Schum. Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas C: 321 (1895) [wfo-1000038644] synonym Astephanus stenolobus K.Schum. ex Engl. Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1894: 15, nomen. ; et in Engl. Pflanzenw. Ost-Afr. C (1895) 321 [wfo-0000552584]homotypic Tylophora stenoloba N.E.Br. Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1895: 257 (1895) [wfo-0001103084] synonym Tylophora stenoloba N.E.Br. Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1895: 257 (1895) [wfo-0001103084]basionym Astephanus stenolobus K.Schum. ex Engl. Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1894: 15, nomen. ; et in Engl. Pflanzenw. Ost-Afr. C (1895) 321 [wfo-0000552584] synonym Vincetoxicum stenolobum (K.Schum.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 163. 2018 [wfo-1200002945] V. secamonoides (Tsiang) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 161. 2018 [wfo-0001425350]synonym Tylophora secamonoides Tsiang Sunyatsenia 3: 217 (1936) [wfo-0001104460] V. setosum (Schltr.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 161. 2018 [wfo-0001425359]synonym Tylophora setosa Schltr. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 563 (1915) [wfo-0000410728] V. shaanxiense Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 161. 2018 [wfo-0001425352]synonym Biondia chinensis Schltr. Beibl. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 82: 91 (1905) [wfo-0000565412] V. sieboldii Franch. & Sav. Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 444 (1878) [wfo-0001102737]synonym Cynanchum sieboldii (Franch. & Sav.) Ohwi Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 12: 112 (1943) [wfo-0000633594] synonym Tylophora japonica Miq. Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 2: 129 (1866) [wfo-0001102673] synonym Vincetoxicum kawaroense Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 153. 2018 [wfo-1000008111] V. silvestre (Tsiang) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 161. 2018 [wfo-0001425353]synonym Tylophora silvestris Tsiang Sunyatsenia 3: 226 (1936) [wfo-0001104461] V. silvestrii (Pamp.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 161. 2018 [wfo-0001425342]synonym Henrya silvestri Pamp. Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. n.s., 17: 696 1910 [wfo-0000719864] synonym Henrya silvestrii Pamp. Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. xvii. 696 (1910). [wfo-0001103396]homotypic Henryastrum silvestrii (Pamp.) Hopp Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 1937, xxiv. 567. [wfo-0001104411] homotypic Tylophora silvestrii (Pamp.) Y.Tsiang & P.T.Li Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12: 133 (1974) [wfo-0001104642] synonym Henryastrum silvestrii (Pamp.) Hopp Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 1937, xxiv. 567. [wfo-0001104411]basionym Henrya silvestrii Pamp. Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. xvii. 696 (1910). [wfo-0001103396] homotypic Tylophora silvestrii (Pamp.) Y.Tsiang & P.T.Li Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12: 133 (1974) [wfo-0001104642] synonym Tylophora silvestrii (Pamp.) Y.Tsiang & P.T.Li Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12: 133 (1974) [wfo-0001104642]basionym Henrya silvestrii Pamp. Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. xvii. 696 (1910). [wfo-0001103396] homotypic Henryastrum silvestrii (Pamp.) Hopp Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 1937, xxiv. 567. [wfo-0001104411] V. simianum (Schltr.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 161. 2018 [wfo-0001425354]synonym Tylophora simiana Schltr. Beibl. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 45: 33 (1894) [wfo-0001103083] V. sinaicum Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 162. 2018 [wfo-0001425355]synonym Tylophora tuberculata M.G.Gilbert & P.T.Li Novon 5: 15 (1995) [wfo-0001104883] V. somaliense (Liede) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 162. 2018 [wfo-0001425356]synonym Goydera somaliensis Liede Novon 3: 265 (1993) [wfo-0001104810] V. sootepense (Craib) A.Kidyoo Taiwania 63(1): 30. 2018 [wfo-0001427530]basionym Tylophora sootepensis Craib Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1911: 417 (1911) [wfo-0001103987] synonym Tylophora sootepensis Craib Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1911: 417 (1911) [wfo-0001103987]homotypic Vincetoxicum sootepense (Craib) A.Kidyoo Taiwania 63(1): 30. 2018 [wfo-0001427530] V. speciosum Boiss. & Spruner Diagn. Pl. Orient. 4: 39 (1844) [wfo-0000421033]homotypic Cynanchum speciosum (Boiss. & Spruner) Nyman Syll. Fl. Eur. : 108 (1855) [wfo-0000633604] synonym Cynanchum speciosum (Boiss. & Spruner) Nyman Syll. Fl. Eur. : 108 (1855) [wfo-0000633604]basionym Vincetoxicum speciosum Boiss. & Spruner Diagn. Pl. Orient. 4: 39 (1844) [wfo-0000421033] synonym Cynanchum triste Griseb. Spic. Fl. Rumel. 2: 68 (1844) [wfo-0000633681] synonym Vincetoxicum thirkeanum K.Koch Linnaea 23: 591 (1850) [wfo-0000420991] synonym Vincetoxicum triste Griseb. Spic. Fl. Rumel. 2: 68 (1844) [wfo-0000420990] V. spirale (Forssk.) D.Z.Li Acta Bot. Yunnan. 11: 48 (1989) [wfo-0000421028]basionym Asclepias spiralis Forssk. Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. : 49 (1775) [wfo-0000551778] homotypic Blyttia spiralis (Forssk.) D.V.Field & J.R.I.Wood Kew Bull. 38: 219 (1983) [wfo-0000567013] homotypic Pentatropis spiralis (Forssk.) Decne. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 9: 327 (1838) [wfo-0001102338] synonym Asclepias spiraliflora Stokes Bot. Mat. Med. 2: 6 (1812) [wfo-0000551777] synonym Asclepias spiralis Forssk. Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. : 49 (1775) [wfo-0000551778]homotypic Blyttia spiralis (Forssk.) D.V.Field & J.R.I.Wood Kew Bull. 38: 219 (1983) [wfo-0000567013] homotypic Pentatropis spiralis (Forssk.) Decne. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 9: 327 (1838) [wfo-0001102338] homotypic Vincetoxicum spirale (Forssk.) D.Z.Li Acta Bot. Yunnan. 11: 48 (1989) [wfo-0000421028] synonym Blyttia spiralis (Forssk.) D.V.Field & J.R.I.Wood Kew Bull. 38: 219 (1983) [wfo-0000567013]basionym Asclepias spiralis Forssk. Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. : 49 (1775) [wfo-0000551778] homotypic Pentatropis spiralis (Forssk.) Decne. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 9: 327 (1838) [wfo-0001102338] homotypic Vincetoxicum spirale (Forssk.) D.Z.Li Acta Bot. Yunnan. 11: 48 (1989) [wfo-0000421028] synonym Pentatropis spiralis (Forssk.) Decne. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 9: 327 (1838) [wfo-0001102338]basionym Asclepias spiralis Forssk. Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. : 49 (1775) [wfo-0000551778] homotypic Blyttia spiralis (Forssk.) D.V.Field & J.R.I.Wood Kew Bull. 38: 219 (1983) [wfo-0000567013] homotypic Vincetoxicum spirale (Forssk.) D.Z.Li Acta Bot. Yunnan. 11: 48 (1989) [wfo-0000421028] synonym Vincetoxicum spirale (Forssk.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 162. 2018 [wfo-1200002944] V. splendidum (P.I.Forst.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 163. 2018 [wfo-0001425357]synonym Tylophora splendida P.I.Forst. Taxon 41: 750 (1992) [wfo-0000410732] V. stauntonii (Decne.) C.Y.Wu & D.Z.Li Acta Bot. Yunnan. 11: 47 (1989) [wfo-0001104846]basionym Pentasacme stauntonii Decne. Prodr. 8: 627 (1844) [wfo-0001102330] synonym Cynanchum linearifolium Hemsl. J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 107 (1889) [wfo-0000633258]homotypic Vincetoxicum linearifolium (Hemsl.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0001103102] synonym Pentasacme stauntonii Decne. Prodr. 8: 627 (1844) [wfo-0001102330]homotypic Vincetoxicum stauntonii (Decne.) C.Y.Wu & D.Z.Li Acta Bot. Yunnan. 11: 47 (1989) [wfo-0001104846] synonym Vincetoxicum linearifolium (Hemsl.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0001103102]basionym Cynanchum linearifolium Hemsl. J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 107 (1889) [wfo-0000633258] V. stauropolitanum Pobed. Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 14: 284 (1951) [wfo-0001104289]synonym Alexitoxicon stauropolitanum (Pobed.) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338259] synonym Antitoxicum stauropolitanum (Pobed.) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 695 (1952) [wfo-0000340318] V. stenophyllum (Hemsl.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 425 (1891) [wfo-0001103107]basionym Cynanchum stenophyllum Hemsl. J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 108 (1889) [wfo-0000633616] synonym Cynanchum stenophyllum Hemsl. J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 108 (1889) [wfo-0000633616]homotypic Vincetoxicum stenophyllum (Hemsl.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 425 (1891) [wfo-0001103107] V. stewartianum S.A.Shah PhytoKeys 179: 64, figs 2Y, Z, 3J, 4P, 6, 14. 2021 [wfo-1000029369] V. stocksii Ali & Khatoon Pakistan J. Bot. 14: 65 (1982) [wfo-0001104200] V. stylesii Meve, Heiduk & Liede Phytotaxa 447(3): 188. 2020 [wfo-0001443256] V. subcanescens S.A.Shah & A.Sultan PhytoKeys 179: 68, figs 2AC–AF, 3L, 4S, T, 7, 16, 17. 2021 [wfo-1000029370] V. sublanceolatum (Miq.) Maxim. Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg, sér. 3, 23: 367 (1877) [wfo-0001102738]basionym Tylophora sublanceolata Miq. Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 2: 128 (1866) [wfo-0001102684] synonym Cynanchum albidum (Franch. & Sav.) Koidz. Fl. Symb. Orient.-Asiat. : 29 (1930) [wfo-0000632761] synonym Cynanchum dickinsii (Franch. & Sav.) Nakai Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 28: 333 (1914) [wfo-0000633004] synonym Cynanchum franchetii Nakai Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 28: 332 (1914) [wfo-0000633073] synonym Cynanchum haruna-montanum Honda J. Jap. Bot. 11: 569 (1935) [wfo-0000633134] synonym Cynanchum macranthum (Maxim.) Nakai Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 28: 334 (1914) [wfo-0000633285] synonym Cynanchum matsudanum Koidz. Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 6: 215 (1937) [wfo-0000633314] synonym Cynanchum maximowiczianum (Warb.) Nakai J. Jap. Bot. 13: 73 (1937) [wfo-0000633319] synonym Cynanchum retropilum Nakai J. Jap. Bot. 13: 74 (1937) [wfo-0000633529] synonym Cynanchum sublanceolatum (Miq.) Matsum. Index Pl. Jap. 2(2): 511 (1912) [wfo-0000633627] synonym Cynanchum sublanceolatum f. albiflorum (Franch. & Sav.) T.Yamaz. Fl. Japan 3a: 173 (1993) [wfo-0000633628] synonym Cynanchum sublanceolatum f. auriculatum (Franch. & Sav.) T.Yamaz. Fl. Jap. (Iwatsuki et al., eds.) 3a: 174. 1993 [wfo-0001323374] synonym Cynanchum sublanceolatum var. kinokuniense T.Yamaz. Fl. Japan 3a: 174 (1993) [wfo-0000633629]homotypic Vincetoxicum sublanceolatum var. kinokuniense (T.Yamaz.) Yonek. J. Jap. Bot. 80: 328 (2005) [wfo-0000420996] synonym Cynanchum yesoense Nakai Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 28: 332 (1914) [wfo-0000633755] synonym Tylophora albiflora (Franch. & Sav.) Makino J. Jap. Bot. 8: 40 (1933) [wfo-0001104396]basionym Tylophora japonica var. albiflora Franch. & Sav. [wfo-0001253285] synonym Tylophora auriculata (Franch. & Sav.) Makino J. Jap. Bot. 8: 40 (1933) [wfo-0001104399]basionym Vincetoxicum sublanceolatum var. auriculata Franch. & Sav. Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 443 1877 [wfo-0001104814] synonym Tylophora dickinsii (Franch. & Sav.) Makino J. Jap. Bot. 8: 40 (1933) [wfo-0001104401]basionym Vincetoxicum sublanceolatum var. dickinsii Franch. & Sav. Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 443. 1877 [wfo-0001104815] synonym Tylophora japonica var. albiflora Franch. & Sav. [wfo-0001253285]homotypic Tylophora albiflora (Franch. & Sav.) Makino J. Jap. Bot. 8: 40 (1933) [wfo-0001104396] synonym Tylophora maximowicziana Warb. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 3: 314 (1907) [wfo-0001103896] synonym Tylophora obtusula (Tanaka ex Franch. & Sav.) Makino J. Jap. Bot. 8: 40 (1933) [wfo-0001104406]basionym Vincetoxicum sublanceolatum var. obtusulum Tanaka ex Franchet & Savatier Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 443 1877 [wfo-0001104813] synonym Tylophora sublanceolata Miq. Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 2: 128 (1866) [wfo-0001102684]homotypic Vincetoxicum sublanceolatum (Miq.) Maxim. Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg, sér. 3, 23: 367 (1877) [wfo-0001102738] synonym Vincetoxicum sublanceolatum f. albiflorum (Franch. & Sav.) H.Ohashi J. Jap. Bot. 65: 278 (1990) [wfo-0000420994] synonym Vincetoxicum sublanceolatum var. auriculata Franch. & Sav. Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 443 1877 [wfo-0001104814]homotypic Tylophora auriculata (Franch. & Sav.) Makino J. Jap. Bot. 8: 40 (1933) [wfo-0001104399] synonym Vincetoxicum sublanceolatum var. dickinsii Franch. & Sav. Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 443. 1877 [wfo-0001104815]homotypic Tylophora dickinsii (Franch. & Sav.) Makino J. Jap. Bot. 8: 40 (1933) [wfo-0001104401] synonym Vincetoxicum sublanceolatum var. kinokuniense (T.Yamaz.) Yonek. J. Jap. Bot. 80: 328 (2005) [wfo-0000420996]basionym Cynanchum sublanceolatum var. kinokuniense T.Yamaz. Fl. Japan 3a: 174 (1993) [wfo-0000633629] synonym Vincetoxicum sublanceolatum var. obtusulum Tanaka ex Franchet & Savatier Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 443 1877 [wfo-0001104813]homotypic Tylophora obtusula (Tanaka ex Franch. & Sav.) Makino J. Jap. Bot. 8: 40 (1933) [wfo-0001104406] V. sublanceolatum var. macranthum Maxim. Mélanges Biol. Bull. Phys.-Math. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg 9: 797. 1876 [wfo-1200021399] V. subramanii (A.N.Henry) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 164. 2018 [wfo-0001425358]synonym Tylophora subramanii A.N.Henry Proc. Indian Acad. Sci., B 65: 161 (1967) [wfo-0001242939] V. sui (Y.H.Tseng & C.T.Chao) T.C.Hsu Phytotaxa 478(2): 289. 2021 [wfo-1000029371]basionym Tylophora sui Y.H.Tseng & C.T.Chao J. Syst. Evol. 49(2): 162. 2011 [21 Mar 2011] [epublished] [wfo-1000035958] synonym Tylophora sui Y.H.Tseng & C.T.Chao J. Syst. Evol. 49(2): 162. 2011 [21 Mar 2011] [epublished] [wfo-1000035958]homotypic Vincetoxicum sui (Y.H.Tseng & C.T.Chao) T.C.Hsu Phytotaxa 478(2): 289. 2021 [wfo-1000029371] V. sylvaticum (Decne.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 425 (1891) [wfo-0001103119]basionym Tylophora sylvatica Decne. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 9: 273 (1838) [wfo-0000410718] synonym Tylophora adalinae K.Schum. Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4(2): 286 (1895) [wfo-0000411598] synonym Tylophora bojeriana Decne. Prodr. 8: 607 (1844) [wfo-0001102657] synonym Tylophora sylvatica Decne. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 9: 273 (1838) [wfo-0000410718]homotypic Vincetoxicum sylvaticum (Decne.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 425 (1891) [wfo-0001103119] synonym Vincetoxicum madagascariense Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0000420967] V. taihangense (Tsiang & H.D.Zhang) C.Y.Wu & D.Z.Li Acta Bot. Yunnan. 11: 48 (1989) [wfo-0001104855]basionym Cynanchum taihangense Tsiang & H.D.Zhang Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12: 102 (1974) [wfo-0000633645] synonym Cynanchum gracilipes Tsiang & H.D.Zhang Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12: 104 (1974) [wfo-0000633108]homotypic Vincetoxicum gracilipes (Tsiang & H.D.Zhang) C.Y.Wu & D.Z.Li Acta Bot. Yunnan. 11: 48 (1989) [wfo-0001104856] synonym Cynanchum taihangense Tsiang & H.D.Zhang Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12: 102 (1974) [wfo-0000633645]homotypic Vincetoxicum taihangense (Tsiang & H.D.Zhang) C.Y.Wu & D.Z.Li Acta Bot. Yunnan. 11: 48 (1989) [wfo-0001104855] synonym Vincetoxicum gracilipes (Tsiang & H.D.Zhang) C.Y.Wu & D.Z.Li Acta Bot. Yunnan. 11: 48 (1989) [wfo-0001104856]basionym Cynanchum gracilipes Tsiang & H.D.Zhang Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12: 104 (1974) [wfo-0000633108] V. taiwanense (Hatus.) T.C.Hsu Phytotaxa 518(2): 177. [wfo-1000062268]basionym Tylophora taiwanensis Hatus. Hokuriku J. Bot. 12: 10 (1963) [wfo-0001104585] synonym Tylophora taiwanensis Hatus. Hokuriku J. Bot. 12: 10 (1963) [wfo-0001104585]homotypic Vincetoxicum taiwanense (Hatus.) T.C.Hsu Phytotaxa 518(2): 177. [wfo-1000062268] synonym Vincetoxicum taiwanense (Hatus.) T.C.Hsu Phytotaxa 478(2): 289 (2021) [wfo-1000029372] V. tanakae (Maxim.) Franch. & Sav. Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 444 (1878) [wfo-0001102739]basionym Tylophora tanakae Maxim. ex Franch. & Sav. Enum. Pl. Jap. 1: 321. 1875 [prob. Oct 1875] [wfo-0001102686] synonym Tylophora tanakae Maxim. ex Franch. & Sav. Enum. Pl. Jap. 1: 321. 1875 [prob. Oct 1875] [wfo-0001102686]homotypic Vincetoxicum tanakae (Maxim.) Franch. & Sav. Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 444 (1878) [wfo-0001102739] V. tanakae var. glabrescens (Hatus. ex T.Yamaz.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 164. 2018 [wfo-1200002742] V. tenerrimum (Wight) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 425 (1891) [wfo-0000420985]synonym Homolostyles tenerrima Wall. ex Wight Contr. Bot. India 51 1834 [wfo-0000724427] synonym Homostyles tenerrima Wall. ex Hook.f. Fl. Brit. India 4: 44 1883 [wfo-0000724428] synonym Tylophora tenerrima Wight Contr. Bot. India : 50 (1834) [wfo-0001102687] V. tengii (Tsiang) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 165. 2018 [wfo-0001425413]synonym Tylophora tengii Tsiang Sunyatsenia 3: 228 (1936) [wfo-0001104462] V. tenuipedunculatum (K.Schum.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 165. 2018 [wfo-0001425424]synonym Tylophora congoensis Schltr. Westafr. Kautschuk-Exped. 309, nomen. [wfo-0000411613] synonym Tylophora gracilis De Wild. Ann. Mus. Congo Belge, Bot., sér. 5, 1: 194 (1904) [wfo-0000411706] synonym Tylophora tenuipedunculata K.Schum. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17: 144 (1893) [wfo-0000410736] V. thailandense (P.T.Li) Liede Taxon 45: 206 (1996) [wfo-0001237979]basionym Cynanchum thailandense P.T.Li Acta Phytotax. Sin. 16(4): 96 (1978) [wfo-0000633661] synonym Cynanchum thailandense P.T.Li Acta Phytotax. Sin. 16(4): 96 (1978) [wfo-0000633661]homotypic Vincetoxicum thailandense (P.T.Li) Liede Taxon 45: 206 (1996) [wfo-0001237979] V. thorelii Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 165. 2018 [wfo-0001425417]synonym Tylophora pilosa Costantin Fl. Indo-Chine 4: 110 (1912) [wfo-0000411716] V. tmoleum Boiss. Diagn. Pl. Orient. 4: 38 (1844) [wfo-0001102740]synonym Antitoxicum tmoleum (Boiss.) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 694 (1952) [wfo-0000340321] synonym Cynanchum tmoleum (Boiss.) K.Schum. Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4(2): 252 (1895) [wfo-0000633668] V. tridactylatum (Goyder) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 166. 2018 [wfo-0001425418]synonym Tylophora tridactylata Goyder Kew Bull. 63: 467 (2008 publ. 2009) [wfo-0000744947] V. tsaii Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 166. 2018 [wfo-0001425419]synonym Belostemma yunnanense Tsiang Sunyatsenia 6: 139 (1941) [wfo-0000562503] V. tsiangii (P.T.Li) P.T.Li J. S. China Agric. Univ. 12(3): 41 (1991) [wfo-0001104838]basionym Cynanchum tsiangii P.T.Li Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 3(1): 103 (1983) [wfo-0000633685] homotypic Tylophora tsiangii (P.T.Li) M.G.Gilbert, W.D.Stevens & P.T.Li Novon 5: 15 (1995) [wfo-0001104879] synonym Cynanchum tsiangii P.T.Li Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 3(1): 103 (1983) [wfo-0000633685]homotypic Tylophora tsiangii (P.T.Li) M.G.Gilbert, W.D.Stevens & P.T.Li Novon 5: 15 (1995) [wfo-0001104879] homotypic Vincetoxicum tsiangii (P.T.Li) P.T.Li J. S. China Agric. Univ. 12(3): 41 (1991) [wfo-0001104838] synonym Tylophora tsiangii (P.T.Li) M.G.Gilbert, W.D.Stevens & P.T.Li Novon 5: 15 (1995) [wfo-0001104879]basionym Cynanchum tsiangii P.T.Li Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 3(1): 103 (1983) [wfo-0000633685] homotypic Vincetoxicum tsiangii (P.T.Li) P.T.Li J. S. China Agric. Univ. 12(3): 41 (1991) [wfo-0001104838] V. tsiukowense (M.G.Gilbert & P.T.Li) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 166. 2018 [wfo-0001425420]synonym Biondia tsiukowensis M.G.Gilbert & P.T.Li Novon 5: 3 (1995) [wfo-0000565425] V. tylophoroides (Costantin) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 166. 2018 [wfo-0001425421]synonym Spirella tylophoroides Costantin Fl. Indo-Chine 4: 78 (1912) [wfo-0000431072] V. ucrainicum Ostapko Ukrayins'k. Bot. Zhurn. 52: 274 (1995) [wfo-0000421005] V. umbelliferum Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 166. 2018 [wfo-0001425422]synonym Tylophora umbellata Schltr. Beibl. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 45: 11 (1894) [wfo-0001103085] V. uncinatum (M.G.Gilbert & P.T.Li) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 166. 2018 [wfo-0001425423]synonym Tylophora uncinata M.G.Gilbert & P.T.Li Novon 5: 16 (1995) [wfo-0001104880] V. utriculosum (Costantin) Liede Taxon 45: 206 (1996) [wfo-0001250376]basionym Cynanchum utriculosum Costantin Fl. Indo-Chine 4: 63 (1912) [wfo-0000633706] synonym Cynanchum utriculosum Costantin Fl. Indo-Chine 4: 63 (1912) [wfo-0000633706]homotypic Vincetoxicum utriculosum (Costantin) Liede Taxon 45: 206 (1996) [wfo-0001250376] V. versicolor (Bunge) Decne. Prodr. 8: 524 (1844) [wfo-0000421864]synonym Cynanchum mandshuricum (Hance) Hemsl. J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 107 (1889) [wfo-0000633302] synonym Cynanchum versicolor Bunge Enum. Pl. China Bor. : 44 (1833) [wfo-0000633717] synonym Vincetoxicum mandschuricum Hance Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 5, 5: 227 (1866) [wfo-0001102722] V. verticillatum (Hemsl.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 425 (1891) [wfo-0001103108]basionym Cynanchum verticillatum Hemsl. J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 109 (1889) [wfo-0000633719] synonym Cynanchum leveilleanum Schltr. ex H.Lév. Cat. Pl. Yun-Nan 14 1915 [wfo-0001104851] synonym Cynanchum verticillatum Hemsl. J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 109 (1889) [wfo-0000633719]homotypic Vincetoxicum verticillatum (Hemsl.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 425 (1891) [wfo-0001103108] synonym Cynanchum verticillatum var. arenicola Tsiang & Zhang Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12(1): 96. 1974 [18 Jan 1974], as 'arenicolum' [wfo-0001386598] synonym Vincetoxicum verticillatum var. arenicola (Tsiang & H.D.Zhang) C.Y.Wu & D.Z.Li Acta Bot. Yunnan. 11: 47 (1989) [wfo-0001104850] V. villosum (Blume) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 425 (1891) [wfo-0001424177]synonym Marsdenia villosa (Blume) Hassk. Tijdschr. Natuurl. Gesch. Physiol. 10: 126 (1843) [wfo-0000372308] synonym Tylophora chlorantha Miq. Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 486 (1857) [wfo-0000411626] synonym Tylophora villosa Blume Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. : 1061 (1826) [wfo-0001102691]homotypic Hybanthera villosa Miq. Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 490 (1857) [wfo-0001102122] synonym Vincetoxicum chloranthum (Miq.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0000421734] V. volubile Maxim. Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg Divers Savans 9: 195 (1858) [wfo-0001102742]synonym Alexitoxicon volubile (Maxim.) Pobed. Taxon 11: 174 (1962) [wfo-0000338264] synonym Antitoxicum volubile (Maxim.) Pobed. Fl. URSS 18: 703 (1952) [wfo-0000340322] synonym Cynanchum volubile (Maxim.) Hemsl. J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 109 (1889) [wfo-0000633736] V. wangii (P.T.Li & W.Kittr.) Liede Taxon 45: 206 (1996) [wfo-0001237980]basionym Cynanchum wangii P.T.Li & W.Kittr. Novon 2: 220 (1992) [wfo-0000633742] synonym Cynanchum wangii P.T.Li & W.Kittr. Novon 2: 220 (1992) [wfo-0000633742]homotypic Vincetoxicum wangii (P.T.Li & W.Kittr.) Liede Taxon 45: 206 (1996) [wfo-0001237980] V. williamsii (P.I.Forst.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 167. 2018 [wfo-0001425425]synonym Tylophora williamsii P.I.Forst. Austral. Syst. Bot. 5: 36 (1992) [wfo-0000410745] V. woollsii (Benth.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0001103180]basionym Tylophora woollsii Benth. Fl. Austral. 4: 335 (1868) [wfo-0001102693] synonym Tylophora woollsii Benth. Fl. Austral. 4: 335 (1868) [wfo-0001102693]homotypic Vincetoxicum woollsii (Benth.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0001103180] V. xinpingense H.Peng & Y.H.Wang Phytotaxa 361(1): 57. 2018 [wfo-1000008117] V. yamanakae (Ohwi & H.Ohashi) H.Ohashi J. Jap. Bot. 65: 277 (1990) [wfo-0001042134]basionym Cynanchum yamanakae Ohwi & H.Ohashi J. Jap. Bot. 48: 370 (1973) [wfo-0000633754] synonym Cynanchum yamanakae Ohwi & H.Ohashi J. Jap. Bot. 48: 370 (1973) [wfo-0000633754]homotypic Vincetoxicum yamanakae (Ohwi & H.Ohashi) H.Ohashi J. Jap. Bot. 65: 277 (1990) [wfo-0001042134] V. yingii Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 167. 2018 [wfo-0001425416]synonym Biondia longipes P.T.Li Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 3(1): 106 (1983) [wfo-0000565420] V. yonakuniense (Hatus.) T.Yamash. & Tateishi Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 54: 33 (2003) [wfo-0000421006]basionym Cynanchum yonakuniense Hatus. J. Geobot. 25: 26 (1977) [wfo-0000633756] synonym Cynanchum yonakuniense Hatus. J. Geobot. 25: 26 (1977) [wfo-0000633756]homotypic Vincetoxicum yonakuniense (Hatus.) T.Yamash. & Tateishi Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 54: 33 (2003) [wfo-0000421006] V. yunnanense (Schltr.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 167. 2018 [wfo-0001425426]synonym Tylophora yunnanensis Schltr. Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 8: 17 (1913) [wfo-0001103988] Vincetoxicum: Unplaced Names
unknown Vincetoxicum kenouriense Wight Contr. Bot. India [Wight] 58. 1834 [Dec 1834] [wfo-0000420964] unknown Vincetoxicum pyrenaicum Timb.-Lagr. & Jeanb. ex Nyman Bull. Soc. Bot. France 11: LXXXI (1868) [wfo-0000421014] unknown Vincetoxicum roseum Benth. & Hook.f. Gen. Pl. [Bentham & Hooker f.] 2(2): 762. 1876 [May 1876] [wfo-0000420929] unknown Vincetoxicum luridum Stocks ex Hook.f. Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 4(10): 22 (1883) [wfo-0000420975] unknown Vincetoxicum capillare (Thunb.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424 (1891) [wfo-0000421666] unknown Vincetoxicum corymbosum Benth. & Hook.f. Gen. Pl. [Bentham & Hooker f.] 2(2): 762. 1876 [May 1876] [wfo-0000421728] unknown Vincetoxicum komarovii Iljinski Bot. Mater. Gerb. Glavn. Bot. Sada R.S.F.S.R. 2: 18, in syn. 1921 [wfo-0001104285] unknown Vincetoxicum nemorum Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 425. 1891 [5 Nov 1891] [wfo-0000420945] unknown Vincetoxicum salinarum Benth. & Hook.f. Gen. Pl. [Bentham & Hooker f.] 2(2): 762. 1876 [May 1876] [wfo-0000421036] unknown Vincetoxicum sarcostemmoides Schweinf. ex Penz. Atti Congr. Bot. Int. Genova 1892: 349 (1893) [wfo-0001348678] unknown Vincetoxicum svetlanae Ostapko Indust. Bot. 18(1): 5. 2018 [wfo-1000008115] unknown Vincetoxicum syringaefolium Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 422–25 1891 [wfo-0001103120] unknown Vincetoxicum vernyi Franch. & Sav. Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 438 1877 [wfo-0001102741] deprecated Vincetoxicum ser. Alboviana Pobed. Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 340. 1973 [wfo-2800000001] unknown Vincetoxicum albovianum (Kusn.) Pobed. Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 341. 1973 [wfo-0001104305] unknown Vincetoxicum albovianum (Kuzn.) Kuth. Flora of Georgia 2 10 (1985) [wfo-1000080752] valid Vincetoxicum amboinense (Schltr.) S.S.Ying New Taxa New Names 8: 384 (2025) [wfo-1000087056] unknown Vincetoxicum amplexicaule var. krameri (Franch. & Sav.) Maxim. Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg sér. 3, 23: 358. 1877 [wfo-1200021131] valid Vincetoxicum bukanum (Schltr.) New Taxa New Names 8: 385 (2025) [wfo-1000087057] valid Vincetoxicum celebicum (Schltr.) S.S.Ying New Taxa New Names 8: 386 (2025) [wfo-1000087062] deprecated Vincetoxicum ser. Congestiflora Pobed. Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 340. 1973 [wfo-2800000871] deprecated Vincetoxicum cuspidatum (Zipp. ex Decne.) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424. 1891 [5 Nov 1891] [wfo-0001103114] valid Vincetoxicum dumetorum (Schltr.) S.S.Ying New Taxa New Names 8: 385 (2025) [wfo-1000087060] valid Vincetoxicum excisum (Schltr.) S.S.Ying New Taxa New Names 8: 387 (2025) [wfo-1000087063] valid Vincetoxicum havilandii (Warb.) S.S.Ying New Taxa New Names 8: 387 (2025) [wfo-1000087064] unknown Vincetoxicum heterophyllum Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 424. 1891 [5 Nov 1891] [wfo-0000421719] valid Vincetoxicum hookerianum var. suneelae Veeranj., M.R.Mohan & G.Ravi J. Indian Bot. Soc. 104(1): 61 (2024) [wfo-1200110139] unknown Vincetoxicum japonicum var. purpurascens (C.Morren & Decne.) Maxim. Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg sér. 3, 23: 359. 1877 [wfo-1200021212] unknown Vincetoxicum japonicum var. verum Maxim. Mélanges Biol. Bull. Phys.-Math. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg 9: 784. 1876 [wfo-1200021283] valid Vincetoxicum javanicum (Hassk.) S.S.Ying New Taxa New Names 8: 386 (2025) [wfo-1000087061] valid Vincetoxicum jinshaense X.D.Ma & J.Y.Shen Ann. Bot. Fenn. 62(1): 328 (2025) [wfo-1000087645] valid Vincetoxicum joloense (Schltr.) S.S.Ying New Taxa New Names 8: 388 (2025) [wfo-1000087065] unknown Vincetoxicum juzepczukii (Pobed.) Privalova ex Wissjul. Fl. URSR 8: 280 (1957) [wfo-1200107422] valid Vincetoxicum kultiviertii S.S.Ying New Taxa New Names 8: 390 (2025) [wfo-1000087068] unknown Vincetoxicum latifolium Steven Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 30(I): 331 (1857) [wfo-0000420954] unknown Vincetoxicum macrophyllum var. nikoense Maxim. Mélanges Biol. Bull. Phys.-Math. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg 9: 792. 1876 [wfo-1200021110] deprecated Vincetoxicum ser. Media Pobed. Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 340. 1973 [wfo-2800000872] valid Vincetoxicum minhassae (Schltr.) S.S.Ying New Taxa New Names 8: 388 (2025) [wfo-1000087066] unknown Vincetoxicum mongolicum var. hancockianum Maxim. Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg sér. 3, 23: 356. 1877 [wfo-0000733970] unknown Vincetoxicum multinerve var. kiyohikoanum (Honda) Kitag. J. Jap. Bot. 34: 364. 1959 [wfo-1200021351] deprecated Vincetoxicum ser. Nigra Pobed. Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 340. 1973 [wfo-2800000873] unknown Vincetoxicum nigrum var. atrum (Jord. & Fourr.) Rouy Fl. France 10: 229. 1908 [wfo-1200021154] unknown Vincetoxicum nigrum var. minus Boiss. Fl. Orient. 4: 54. 1874 [wfo-1200021296] unknown Vincetoxicum officinale var. acutatum Chabert Bull. Soc. Bot. France 36: 29. 1889 [wfo-1200021492] unknown Vincetoxicum officinale var. albidum (Jord. & Fourr.) Rouy Fl. France 10: 232. 1908 [wfo-1200021418] unknown Vincetoxicum officinale var. alpicola (Jord. & Fourr.) Rouy Fl. France 10: 231. 1908 [wfo-1200021472] deprecated Vincetoxicum officinale var. apodum Willk. [wfo-0001415302] unknown Vincetoxicum officinale var. beugesiacum (Jord. & Fourr.) Rouy Fl. France 10: 231. 1908 [wfo-1200021414] unknown Vincetoxicum officinale var. burnatii Briq. Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 5: 110. 1901 [wfo-1200021428] unknown Vincetoxicum officinale subsp. contiguum (W.D.J.Koch) Nyman Consp. Fl. Eur. 496 (1881) [wfo-1200012622] unknown Vincetoxicum officinale var. cordatum Rouy Fl. France 10: 230. 1908 [wfo-1200021475] unknown Vincetoxicum officinale var. dentiferum Chabert Bull. Soc. Bot. France 36: 29. 1889 [wfo-1200021502] unknown Vincetoxicum officinale var. dumeticola (Jord. & Fourr.) Rouy Fl. France 10: 231. 1908 [wfo-1200021468] unknown Vincetoxicum officinale var. floribundum Chabert Bull. Soc. Bot. France 36: 29. 1889 [wfo-1200021435] unknown Vincetoxicum officinale var. fradinii (Pomel) Batt. Fl. Algérie [Battandier & al.] Dicot.: 585 1890 [wfo-1200021504] unknown Vincetoxicum officinale subsp. laxum (Bartl.) Nyman Consp. Fl. Eur. 496. 1881 (1881) [wfo-1200013227] unknown Vincetoxicum officinale var. luteolum (Jord. & Fourr.) Rouy Fl. France 10: 231. 1908 [wfo-1200021436] unknown Vincetoxicum officinale var. micranthum Rouy Fl. France 10: 231. 1908 [wfo-1200021466] unknown Vincetoxicum officinale var. nivale (Boiss. & Heldr.) Stoj. & Jordanov God. Sofiisk. Univ. Fiz.-Mat. Fak. 34: 203. 1938 [wfo-1200021451] unknown Vincetoxicum officinale var. ochroleucum (Jord. & Fourr.) Rouy Fl. France 10: 231. 1908 [wfo-1200021509] unknown Vincetoxicum officinale var. petrophilum (Jord. & Fourr.) Gaut. Cat. Rais. Fl. Pyr.-Or. 305. 1898 [wfo-1200021461] unknown Vincetoxicum officinale var. pyrenaicum (Timb.-Lagr. & Jeanb.) Rouy Fl. France 10: 232. 1908 [wfo-1200021426] unknown Vincetoxicum officinale var. shuttleworthii Rouy Fl. France 10: 231. 1908 [wfo-1200021467] unknown Vincetoxicum officinale var. stenolobum Rouy Fl. France 10: 231. 1908 [wfo-1200021443] deprecated Vincetoxicum ser. Officinalia Pobed. Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 341. 1973 [wfo-2800000874] valid Vincetoxicum physocarpum (Schltr.) S.S.Ying New Taxa New Names 8: 389 (2025) [wfo-1000087067] deprecated Vincetoxicum sect. Pycnostelma (Bunge ex Decne.) Kitag. Neolin. Fl. Manshur. 523. 1979 [wfo-3400003100] unknown Vincetoxicum pycnostelma f. latifolium (Makino) Kitag. J. Jap. Bot. 34(12): 365 (1959) [wfo-1200107387] valid Vincetoxicum rhizophoretorum (Schltr.) S.S.Ying New Taxa New Names 8: 390 (2025) [wfo-1000087072] valid Vincetoxicum rusbyi S.S.Ying New Taxa New Names 8: 391 (2025) [wfo-1000087074] valid Vincetoxicum samothracicum Goula, Doumas & Constantin. PhytoKeys 270: 48 (2026) [wfo-1000087795] deprecated Vincetoxicum sect. Schizostephanus Benth. & Hook.f. Gen. Pl. [Bentham & Hooker f.] 2(2): 762. 1876 [May 1876] [wfo-3400005469] illegitimate Vincetoxicum schmalhausenii (Kusn.) Markgr. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 65(4): 358 (1972) [wfo-1000075510] illegitimate Vincetoxicum schmalhausenii (Kusn.) Stankov Syst. Classif. Vasc. Pl. Eur. Russ. 569 (1949) [wfo-1200107431] valid Vincetoxicum stevenii S.S.Ying New Taxa New Names 8: 391 (2025) [wfo-1000087075] unknown Vincetoxicum sublanceolatum var. albidum Franch. & Sav. Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 443. 1877 [wfo-1200021455] unknown Vincetoxicum sublanceolatum var. auriculatum Franch. & Sav. Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 443. 1877 [wfo-1200021454] unknown Vincetoxicum sublanceolatum var. kinokuniense (T.Yamaz.) Meve & Liede Phytotaxa 369(3): 164. 2018 [wfo-1200002946] valid Vincetoxicum trichambon (Warb.) S.S.Ying New Taxa New Names 8: 391 (2025) [wfo-1000087073]